DECLÍNIO EM PEQUENAS EMPRESAS: ABORDAGENS E TRABALHOS RELEVANTES1

As pequenas empresas por seu relevante papel socioeconômico têm despertado crescente interesse da academia. Altas taxas de mortalidade associados às pequenas empresas têm sido objeto de pesquisas que investigam causas e fatores desencadeadores do declínio organizacional, fenômeno que antecede à morte da empresa. Neste artigo foi realizado um estudo bibliométrico em nove periódicos líderes na pesquisa em pequenas empresas, para obter uma visão geral e estrutural do conhecimento acumulado. Foi obtida uma amostra de 449 artigos relacionados ao declínio publicados entre 1989 e 2014. O método empregado permitiu a análise dos autores mais prolíficos, citações e obras com maior impacto, cocitações para entender a estrutura intelectual do campo e temas pesquisados para entender o foco da pesquisa. Foram empregadas técnicas de análise multivariada de dados como a análise fatorial exploratória e o escalonamento multidimensional (MDS). Foram identificados quatro principais temas pesquisados entrelaçando causas internas e externas como causadoras do declínio: empreendedorismo; administração estratégica e desempenho; inovação e evolução; liabilities (ameaças) e ambiente. Este estudo indica que o declínio é desencadeado pela interação de causas internas e externas às empresas, fazendo um contraponto às pesquisas existentes que abordam ora umas ora outras e não estabelecem uma relação entre elas. Contribui para a academia com as bases sobre as quais novas pesquisas podem ser desenvolvidas e para a prática gerencial uma vez que identifica as causas do declínio e possibilita a tomada de decisões para neutralizá-las.

Palavras-Chave:
Pequena Empresa; Declínio Organizacional; Estratégia; Liability of Newness; Bibliometria

Periódico	Fator de impacto - 2014	Primeiro ano na ISI	Artigos disponíveis – ISI	Artigos validados	%
JSBM	1,353	1995	658	55	8,4
JBV	3,678	1987	958	98	10,2
ETP	3,144	2003	594	41	6,9
SEJ	2,000	2007	181	18	9,9
JPIM	1,696	1984	1751	0	0,0
FBR	5,528	2005	278	18	6,5
SBE	1,795	1992	1336	164	12,3
ISBJ	1,800	2003	585	30	5,1
ERD	1,519	2001	409	25	6,1
Total			6750	449	6,7

Rank	Autor	Artigo	Rank	Autor	Artigo	Rank	Autor	Artigo
1	Shepherd, D.	14	15	Van Auken, H.	4	29	Oswald, S.	3
2	Wright, M.	9	16	Wagner, J.	4	30	Parker, S.	3
3	Wiklund, J.	7	17	Wennberg, K.	4	31	Robbins, D.	3
4	Westhead, P.	5	18	Chaganti, R.	3	32	Rutherford, M.	3
5	Cardon, M.	5	19	Chirico, F.	3	33	Sarasvathy, S.	3
6	Coad, A.	4	20	Craig, J.	3	34	Scholes, L.	3
7	Covin, J.	4	21	Haynie, J.	3	35	Simon, M.	3
8	Cowling, M.	4	22	Houghton, S.	3	36	Slevin, D.	3
9	Cressy, R.	4	23	Levie, J.	3	37	Sohn, S.	3
10	Detienne, D.	4	24	Lussier, R.	3	38	Watson, J.	3
11	Meyer, G.	4	25	Manigart, S.	3	39	Wilson, N.	3
12	Minnit,i M.	4	26	Michael, S.	3	40	Wood, M.	3
13	Pearce, J.PEARCE, J.; ROBBINS, K. Toward improved theory and research on business turnaround. Journal of Management, v. 19, n. 3, p. 613–636, 1993.	4	27	Miller, D.	3	41	Zacharakis, A.	3
14	Ucbasaran, D.	4	28	Ooghe, H.	3

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	q = 88					q = 77					q = 117					q = 167				q = 449
	n			%		n			%		n			%		n		%		n		%
Stinchcombe (1965)STINCHCOMBE, A. L. Social Structure and Organizations. In J. Marsh (Ed.), Handbook of Organizations, 1965.	12			13,6		7			9,1		11			9,4		26		15,6		56		12,5
Jovanovic (1982)JOVANOVIC, B. Selection and the evolution of industry. Econometrica, v. 50, n. 3, p.649–670, 1982.	9			10,2		5			6,5		9			7,7		22		13,2		45		10,0
Schumpeter (1934)SCHUMPETER, J. The theory of economic development: an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Harvard Economic Studies, v. 46. London: Transaction Books, 1934.	10			11,4		3			3,9		11			9,4		16		9,6		40		8,9
Barney (1991)BARNEY, J. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, v. 17, n. 1, p.99–120, 1991.	2			2,3		3			3,9		15			12,8		19		11,4		39		8,7
Penrose (1959)PENROSE, E. The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. White Plains, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1959.	7			8,0		5			6,5		11			9,4		16		9,6		39		8,7
Porter (1980)	11			12,5		7			9,1		9			7,7		10		6,0		37		8,2
Storey (1994)	5			5,7		5			6,5		15			12,8		12		7,2		37		8,2
Gimeno-Gascon et al. (1997)	0			0,0		1			1,3		12			10,3		22		13,2		35		7,8
Aldrich e Auster (1986)ALDRICH, H., Auster, E. Even dwarfs starred small: liabilities of age and size and their srtategic implications. Research in Organizational Behavior, v. 8, p.165–199, 1986.	6			6,8		7			9,1		6			5,1		13		7,8		32		7,1
Dunne, Roberts e Samuelson (1989)DUNNE, T.; ROBERTS, M.; SAMUELSON, L. The growth and failure of U.S. manufacturing plants. Quarterly Journal of Economics, v. 104, n. 4, p.671–698, 1989.	12			13,6		6			7,8		6			5,1		8		4,8		32		7,1
McGrath (1999)MCGRATH, R. Falling Forward: Real Options Reasoning and Entrepreneurial Failure. Academy of Management Review, v. 24, n. 1, p. 13–30, 1999.	0			0,0		1			1,3		13			11,1		18		10,8		32		7,1
Brüderl, Preisendörfer e Ziegler (1992)BRUDERL, J.; PREISENDORFER, P.; ZIEGLER, R. Survival Chances of Newly Founded Business Organizations. American Sociological Review, v. 57, n.(2), p.227, 1992.	4			4,5		1			1,3		9			7,7		17		10,2		31		6,9
Shepherd (2003)SHEPHERD, D. Learning from business failure: propositions of grief recovery for the self-employed. Academy of Management Review, v. 28, n. 2, p. 318–328, 2003.	0			0,0		0			0,0		8			6,8		23		13,8		31		6,9
Referências		até 1999					2000-2004					2005-2009				2010-2014				Total
		q = 88					q = 77					q = 117				q = 167				q = 449
		n			%		n			%		n			%	n			%	n			%
Shane e Venkataraman (2000)SHANE, S.; VENKATARAMAN, S. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, v. 25, n. 1, p. 217–227, 2000.		0			0,0		1			1,3		11			9,4	18			10,8	30			6,7
Headd (2003)HEADD, B. Redefining Business Success: Distinguishing between Closure and Failure. Small Business Economics, v. 2, n. 1, p.51–61, 2003.		0			0,0		0			0,0		8			6,8	21			12,6	29			6,5
Bruderl e Schussler (1990)BRUDERL, J.; SCHUSSLER, R. Organizational Mortality : The Liabilities of Newness and Adolescence. Administrative Science Quarterly, v.35, p.530–547, 1990.		6			6,8		4			5,2		4			3,4	14			8,4	28			6,2
Porter (1985)PORTER, M. Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press, 1985.		9			10,2		6			7,8		5			4,3	7			4,2	27			6,0
Ausdretsch (1995)		4			4,5		6			7,8		7			6,0	9			5,4	26			5,8
Cooper, Gimeno-Gascon e Woo (1994)COOPER, A.; GIMENO-GASCON, F.; WOO, C. Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 9, n. 5, p.371–395, 1994.		2			2,3		4			5,2		10			8,5	10			6,0	26			5,8
Covin e Slevin (1989)COVIN, J.; SLEVIN, D. Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments. Strategic Management Journal, v.10, n. March 1987, p.75–87, 1989.		5			5,7		3			3,9		4			3,4	14			8,4	26			5,8
Hannan e Freeman (1984)HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. Structural inertia and organizational change. American Sociological Review, v. 49, p.149–164, 1984.		5			5,7		5			6,5		7			6,0	9			5,4	26			5,8
Nelson e Winter (1982)NELSON, R.; WINTER, S. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press, 1982.		2			2,3		4			5,2		8			6,8	11			6,6	25			5,6
Eisenhardt e Schoonhoven (1990)EISENHARDT, K.; SCHOONHOVEN, C. Organizational Growth : Linking Founding Team, Strategy . Environment, and Growth among US Semiconductor Ventures. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, n. 3, p.504–529, 1990.		4			4,5		3			3,9		9			7,7	8			4,8	24			5,3
Evans e Jovanovic (1989)EVANS, D.; JOVANOVIC, B. An estimated model of entrepreneurial choice under liquidity constraints. Journal of Political Economy, v. 97, n. 4, p.808–827, 1989.		7			8,0		4			5,2		6			5,1	7			4,2	24			5,3
Bates (1990)BATES, T. Entrepreneurial human capital inputs and small business longevity. Review of Economics and Statistics, v. 72, n. 4, p.551–559, 1990.		4			4,5		2			2,6		6			5,1	11			6,6	23			5,1
Lumpkin e Dess (1996)LUMPKIN, G.; DESS, G. Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, v. 21, n. 1, p.135–172, 1996.		1			1,1		4			5,2		6			5,1	11			6,6	22			4,9
Cohen e Levinthal (1990)COHEN, W., LEVINTHAL, D. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, p.118–152, 1990.		0			0,0		5			6,5		6			5,1	10			6,0	21			4,7
Geroski (1995)GEROSKI, P. What do we know about entry? International Journal of Industrial Organization, v. 13, n. 4, p.421–440, 1995.		0			0,0		4			5,2		7			6,0	10			6,0	21			4,7
Hannan e Freeman (1977)HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. The population ecology of organizations. The American Journal of Sociology, v. 82, n. 5, p.929–964, 1977.		6			6,8		4			5,2		5			4,3	6			3,6	21			4,7
Shane e Stuart (2002)SHANE, S.; STUART, T. Organizational Endowments and the Performance of University Start-ups. Management Science, v. 48, n. 1, p. 154–170, 2002.		0			0,0		0			0,0		3			2,6	18			10,8	21			4,7
Ausdretsch (1991)		3			3,4		2			2,6		6			5,1	9			5,4	20			4,5
Jensen e Meckling (1976)JENSEN, M.; MECKLING, W. Theory of the Firm : Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, v. 3, n. 4, p.305–360, 1976.		1			1,1		2			2,6		8			6,8	9			5,4	20			4,5
Kazanjian (1988)KAZANJIAN, R. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based new ventures. Academy of Management Journal, v. 31, n. 2, p.257–279, 1988.		7			8,0		3			3,9		4			3,4	6			3,6	20			4,5
Miller (1983)MILLER, D. The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, v. 29, n. 7, p. 770–793, 1983.		3			3,4		2			2,6		5			4,3	10			6,0	20			4,5
Aldrich e Fiol (1994)ALDRICH, H., Fiol, C. Fools Rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation. The Academy of Management Review, v. 19, n. 4, p.645, 1994.		1			1,1		3			3,9		8			6,8	7			4,2	19			4,2
Busenitz e Barney (1997)BUSENITZ, L.; BARNEY, J. Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: biases and heuristics in strategic decision-making. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 12, n. 1, p.9–30, 1997.		0			0,0		3			3,9		9			7,7	7			4,2	19			4,2
Dunne, Roberts, e Samuelson (1988)DUNNE, T.; ROBERTS, M.; SAMUELSON, L. Patterns of firm entry and exit in United-States manufacturing- industries. Rand Journal of Economics, v. 19, n. 4, p.495–515, 1988.		6			6,8		3			3,9		7			6,0	3			1,8	19			4,2
Evans e Leighton (1989)EVANS, D., LEIGHTON, L. Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship. The American Economic Review, v. 79, p.519–535, 1989.		3			3,4		2			2,6		3			2,6	11			6,6	19			4,2
Freeman et al. (1983)FREEMAN, J.; CARROLL, G.; HANNAN, M. The liability of newness: age dependence in organization death rates. American Sociological Review, v. 48, n. October, p.692–710, 1983.		2			2,3		1			1,3		7			6,0	9			5,4	19			4,2
March (1991)MARCH, J. Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, v.2, n. 1, p. 71–87, 1991.		0			0,0		1			1,3		5			4,3	13			7,8	19			4,2
Cyert e March (1963)CYERT, R.; MARCH, J. A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1963.		5			5,7		3			3,9		3			2,6	7			4,2	18			4,0
Davidsson e Honig (2003)DAVIDSSON, P., HONIG, B. The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 18, n. 3, p.301–331, 2003.		0			0,0		0			0,0		5			4,3	13			7,8	18			4,0
Klepper (1996)KLEPPER, S. Entry, exit, growth, and innovation over the product life cycle. American Economic Review, v. 86, n. 3, p.562–583, 1996.		1			1,1		3			3,9		3			2,6	11			6,6	18			4,0
Shane (2000)		0			0,0		0			0,0		7			6,0	11			6,6	18			4,0
Acs e Ausdretsch (1990)		3			3,4		2			2,6		9			7,7	3			1,8	17			3,8
Referências		até 1999					2000-2004					2005-2009				2010-2014				Total
		q = 88					q = 77					q = 117				q = 167				q = 449
		n	%				n	%				n	%			n	%			n	%
Evans (1987)EVANS, D. The relationship between firm growth, size and age: estimates for 100 manufactoring industries. Journal of Industrial Economics, v. 35, p.567–581, 1987.		5	5,7				1	1,3				4	3,4			7	4,2			17	3,8
Gersick et al. (1997)GERSICK, K.; DAVIS, J.; HAMPTON, M.; LANSBERG, I. Generation to Generation. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1997.		0	0,0				3	3,9				8	6,8			6	3,6			17	3,8
Holtz-Eakin, Joulfaian e Rosen (1994)HOLTZ-EAKIN, D.; JOULFAIAN, D.; ROSEN, H. Sticking it out: entrepreneurial survival and liquidity constraints. Journal of Political Economy, v. 102, n. 1, p.53–75, 1994.		3	3,4				3	3,9				2	1,7			9	5,4			17	3,8
Pfeffer e Salancick (1978)PFEFFER, J.; SALANCICK, G. The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. New York: Harper Row, 1978.		5	5,7				3	3,9				5	4,3			4	2,4			17	3,8
Podsakoff, et al. (2003)PODSAKOFF, P.; MACKENZIE, S.; LEE, J.; PODSAKOFF, N. Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. The Journal of Applied Psychology, v. 88, n. 5, p. 879–903, 2003.		0	0,0				0	0,0				4	3,4			13	7,8			17	3,8

Fatores
Empreendedorismo e Sobrevivência		Adm. Estratégica e Desempenho		Inovação e Evolução		Liabilities e Ambiente
Headd (2003)HEADD, B. Redefining Business Success: Distinguishing between Closure and Failure. Small Business Economics, v. 2, n. 1, p.51–61, 2003.	,770	Lumpkin e Dess (1996)LUMPKIN, G.; DESS, G. Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, v. 21, n. 1, p.135–172, 1996.	,721	Klepper (1996)KLEPPER, S. Entry, exit, growth, and innovation over the product life cycle. American Economic Review, v. 86, n. 3, p.562–583, 1996.	,790	Hannan e Freeman (1984HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. Structural inertia and organizational change. American Sociological Review, v. 49, p.149–164, 1984.)	,798
Evans e Leighton (1989)EVANS, D., LEIGHTON, L. Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship. The American Economic Review, v. 79, p.519–535, 1989.	,769	March (1991)MARCH, J. Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, v.2, n. 1, p. 71–87, 1991.	,697	Evans (1987)EVANS, D. The relationship between firm growth, size and age: estimates for 100 manufactoring industries. Journal of Industrial Economics, v. 35, p.567–581, 1987.	,786	Aldrich e Auster (1986)ALDRICH, H., Auster, E. Even dwarfs starred small: liabilities of age and size and their srtategic implications. Research in Organizational Behavior, v. 8, p.165–199, 1986.	,737
Davidsson e Honig (2003)DAVIDSSON, P., HONIG, B. The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 18, n. 3, p.301–331, 2003.	,763	Schumpeter (1934)SCHUMPETER, J. The theory of economic development: an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Harvard Economic Studies, v. 46. London: Transaction Books, 1934.	,691	Acs e Ausdretsch (1990)	,739	Eisenhardt e Schoonhoven (1990)EISENHARDT, K.; SCHOONHOVEN, C. Organizational Growth : Linking Founding Team, Strategy . Environment, and Growth among US Semiconductor Ventures. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, n. 3, p.504–529, 1990.	,723
Busenitz e Barney (1997)BUSENITZ, L.; BARNEY, J. Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: biases and heuristics in strategic decision-making. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 12, n. 1, p.9–30, 1997.	,758	Covin e Slevin (1989)COVIN, J.; SLEVIN, D. Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments. Strategic Management Journal, v.10, n. March 1987, p.75–87, 1989.	,687	Geroski (1995)GEROSKI, P. What do we know about entry? International Journal of Industrial Organization, v. 13, n. 4, p.421–440, 1995.	,682	Freeman, Carroll e Hannan (1983)FREEMAN, J.; CARROLL, G.; HANNAN, M. The liability of newness: age dependence in organization death rates. American Sociological Review, v. 48, n. October, p.692–710, 1983.	,695
Gimeno-Gascon et al. (1997)	,739	Jensen e Meckling (1976)JENSEN, M.; MECKLING, W. Theory of the Firm : Managerial Behavior, Agency Costs and Ownership Structure. Journal of Financial Economics, v. 3, n. 4, p.305–360, 1976.	,619	Nelson e Winter (1982)NELSON, R.; WINTER, S. An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press, 1982.	,608	Aldrich e Fiol (1994)ALDRICH, H., Fiol, C. Fools Rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation. The Academy of Management Review, v. 19, n. 4, p.645, 1994.	,688
Shepherd (2003)SHEPHERD, D. Learning from business failure: propositions of grief recovery for the self-employed. Academy of Management Review, v. 28, n. 2, p. 318–328, 2003.	,714	Miller (1983)MILLER, D. The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, v. 29, n. 7, p. 770–793, 1983.	,614	Ausdretsch (1991)	,587	Hannan e Freeman (1977)HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. The population ecology of organizations. The American Journal of Sociology, v. 82, n. 5, p.929–964, 1977.	,665
McGrath (1999)MCGRATH, R. Falling Forward: Real Options Reasoning and Entrepreneurial Failure. Academy of Management Review, v. 24, n. 1, p. 13–30, 1999.	,709	Gersick et al. (1997)GERSICK, K.; DAVIS, J.; HAMPTON, M.; LANSBERG, I. Generation to Generation. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1997.	,611	Ausdretsch (1995)	,587	Stinchcombe (1965)STINCHCOMBE, A. L. Social Structure and Organizations. In J. Marsh (Ed.), Handbook of Organizations, 1965.	,578
Cooper, Gimeno-Gascon e Woo (1994)COOPER, A.; GIMENO-GASCON, F.; WOO, C. Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 9, n. 5, p.371–395, 1994.	,672	Porter (1980)	,554	Dunne, Roberts e Samuelson (1988)DUNNE, T.; ROBERTS, M.; SAMUELSON, L. Patterns of firm entry and exit in United-States manufacturing- industries. Rand Journal of Economics, v. 19, n. 4, p.495–515, 1988.	,534	Shane e Stuart (2002)SHANE, S.; STUART, T. Organizational Endowments and the Performance of University Start-ups. Management Science, v. 48, n. 1, p. 154–170, 2002.	,576
Shane (2000)	,623	Kazanjian (1988)KAZANJIAN, R. Relation of dominant problems to stages of growth in technology-based new ventures. Academy of Management Journal, v. 31, n. 2, p.257–279, 1988.	,522	Dunne, Roberts e Samuelson (1989)DUNNE, T.; ROBERTS, M.; SAMUELSON, L. The growth and failure of U.S. manufacturing plants. Quarterly Journal of Economics, v. 104, n. 4, p.671–698, 1989.	,465	Pfeffer e Salancick (1978)PFEFFER, J.; SALANCICK, G. The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. New York: Harper Row, 1978.	,469
Shane e Venkataraman (2000)SHANE, S.; VENKATARAMAN, S. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, v. 25, n. 1, p. 217–227, 2000.	,620	Cyert e March (1963)CYERT, R.; MARCH, J. A Behavioral Theory of the Firm. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1963.	,459			Bruderl e Schussler (1990)BRUDERL, J.; SCHUSSLER, R. Organizational Mortality : The Liabilities of Newness and Adolescence. Administrative Science Quarterly, v.35, p.530–547, 1990.	,433
Brüderl, Preisendörfer e Ziegler (1992)BRUDERL, J.; PREISENDORFER, P.; ZIEGLER, R. Survival Chances of Newly Founded Business Organizations. American Sociological Review, v. 57, n.(2), p.227, 1992.	,605	Cohen e Levinthal (1990)COHEN, W., LEVINTHAL, D. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, p.118–152, 1990.	,435
Holtz-Eakin, Joulfaian e Rosen (1994)HOLTZ-EAKIN, D.; JOULFAIAN, D.; ROSEN, H. Sticking it out: entrepreneurial survival and liquidity constraints. Journal of Political Economy, v. 102, n. 1, p.53–75, 1994.	,602	Porter (1985)PORTER, M. Competitive Advantage. New York: Free Press, 1985.	,418
Bates (1990)BATES, T. Entrepreneurial human capital inputs and small business longevity. Review of Economics and Statistics, v. 72, n. 4, p.551–559, 1990.	,586	Barney (1991)BARNEY, J. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, v. 17, n. 1, p.99–120, 1991.	,393
Podsakoff et al. (2003)PODSAKOFF, P.; MACKENZIE, S.; LEE, J.; PODSAKOFF, N. Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. The Journal of Applied Psychology, v. 88, n. 5, p. 879–903, 2003.	,534	Penrose (1959)PENROSE, E. The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. White Plains, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1959.	,342
Storey (1994)	,460
Jovanovic (1982)JOVANOVIC, B. Selection and the evolution of industry. Econometrica, v. 50, n. 3, p.649–670, 1982.	,441
Evans e Jovanovic (1989)EVANS, D.; JOVANOVIC, B. An estimated model of entrepreneurial choice under liquidity constraints. Journal of Political Economy, v. 97, n. 4, p.808–827, 1989.	,438

2000 a 2004 - 76 artigos	2005 a 2009 - 117 artigos	2010 a 2014 - 167 artigos	Toda a amostra - 449 artigos
2000 a 2004 - 76 artigos	2005 a 2009 - 117 artigos	2010 a 2014 - 167 artigos	Toda a amostra - 449 artigos
1. Sobrevivência	1. Empreendedorismo e Aprendizagem 2. Empresas Familiares	1. e 3. Empreendedorismo, Aprendizagem e Sobrevivência	1. Empreendedorismo e Sobrevivência
2. Condições para Competitividade	3. Liabilities e Adaptação	2. e 4. Adm. Estratégica e Desempenho	2. Adm. Estratégica e Desempenho
2. Condições para Competitividade	3. Liabilities e Adaptação		3. Liabilities e Ambiente
3. Evolução da Indústria	4. Condições de Entrada e Sobrevivência		4. Inovação e Evolução

Escola de Administração da UFRGS Escola de Administração da UFRGS, Rua Washington Luis, 855 - 2° Andar, 90010-460 Porto Alegre/RS - Brasil, Fone: (55 51) 3308-3823, Fax: (55 51) 3308 3991 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: read@ea.ufrgs.br

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[1] Fonte: ISI – Web of Knowledge.

2000 - 2004	Condições para Competitividade	Teece (1986)TEECE, D. Profiting from technological innovation: Implications for integration, collaboration, licensing and public policy. Research Policy, v. 15, n. February, p. 285–305, 1986. - 0,843 Hannan; Freeman (1977)HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. The population ecology of organizations. The American Journal of Sociology, v. 82, n. 5, p.929–964, 1977. - 0,839 Covin; Slevin (1990) - 0,804; Porter (1980) - 0,790 Tversky; Kahneman (1974) - 0,727 Cooper; Artz (1995)COOPER, A.; ARTZ, K. Determinants of satisfaction for entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 10, n. 6, p.439–457, 1995. - 0,727 Lumpkin; Dess (1996)LUMPKIN, G.; DESS, G. Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, v. 21, n. 1, p.135–172, 1996. - 0,720 Lieberman; Montgomery (1988) - 0,641.
	Evolução da Indústria	Geroski (1995)GEROSKI, P. What do we know about entry? International Journal of Industrial Organization, v. 13, n. 4, p.421–440, 1995. - 0,808 Mata; Portugal; Guimaraes (1995)MATA, J.; PORTUGAL, P.; GUIMARAES, P. The survival of new plants: start-up conditions and post-entry evolution. International Journal of Industrial Organization, v. 13, n. 4, p. 459–481, 1995 - 0,778 Jovanovic (1982)JOVANOVIC, B. Selection and the evolution of industry. Econometrica, v. 50, n. 3, p.649–670, 1982. - 0,684 Audretsch (1995)AUDRETSCH, D. Innovation and Industry Evolution. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995. - 0,680 Penrose (1959)PENROSE, E. The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. White Plains, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1959. - 0,673 Baldwin (1995)BALDWIN, J. Dynamics of Industrial Competition. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1995. - 0,635 Dunne; Roberts; Samuelson (1989)DUNNE, T.; ROBERTS, M.; SAMUELSON, L. The growth and failure of U.S. manufacturing plants. Quarterly Journal of Economics, v. 104, n. 4, p.671–698, 1989. - 0,630 Evans; Jovanovic (1989)EVANS, D.; JOVANOVIC, B. An estimated model of entrepreneurial choice under liquidity constraints. Journal of Political Economy, v. 97, n. 4, p.808–827, 1989. - 0,607 Hannan; Freeman (1989)HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. Organizational Ecology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1989. - 0,606
	Sobrevivência	Bruderl; Schussler (1990)BRUDERL, J.; SCHUSSLER, R. Organizational Mortality : The Liabilities of Newness and Adolescence. Administrative Science Quarterly, v.35, p.530–547, 1990. - 0,765 Aldrich, Auster (1986)ALDRICH, H., Auster, E. Even dwarfs starred small: liabilities of age and size and their srtategic implications. Research in Organizational Behavior, v. 8, p.165–199, 1986. - 0,664 Cooper; Gimeno-Gascon; Woo (1994)COOPER, A.; GIMENO-GASCON, F.; WOO, C. Initial human and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 9, n. 5, p.371–395, 1994. - 0,656 Cohen; Levinthal (1990)COHEN, W., LEVINTHAL, D. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, p.118–152, 1990. - 0,628
2005 - 2009	Empreendedorismo e Aprendizagem	Sitkin (1992)SITKIN, S. Learning through failure: The strategy of small losses. Research in Organizational Behavior, v. 14, p. 231–266, 1992. - 0,875 Shane (2000) - 0,805 Westhead, Wright (1998)WESTHEAD, P.; WRIGHT, M. Novice, portfolio, and serial founders: are they different? Journal of Business Venturing, v. 13, n. 3, p. 173–204, 1998. - 0,791 Shepherd (2003)SHEPHERD, D. Learning from business failure: propositions of grief recovery for the self-employed. Academy of Management Review, v. 28, n. 2, p. 318–328, 2003. - 0,746 MacMillan; Siegel; Narasimha (1985)MACMILLAN, I.; SIEGEL, R.; NARASIMHA, P. Criteria used by venture capitalists to evaluate new venture proposals. Journal of Business Venturing, v.1, n. 1, p. 119–128, 1985. - 0,714 McGrath (1999)MCGRATH, R. Falling Forward: Real Options Reasoning and Entrepreneurial Failure. Academy of Management Review, v. 24, n. 1, p. 13–30, 1999. - 0,708 Shane; Venkataraman (2000)SHANE, S.; VENKATARAMAN, S. The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Academy of Management Review, v. 25, n. 1, p. 217–227, 2000. - 0,704 Gartner (1985) - 0,667 Busenitz; Barney (1997)BUSENITZ, L.; BARNEY, J. Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: biases and heuristics in strategic decision-making. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 12, n. 1, p.9–30, 1997. - 0,654 Cohen; Levinthal (1990)COHEN, W., LEVINTHAL, D. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, p.118–152, 1990. - 0,640 Storey (1994) - 0,639 Gimeno; Folta; Cooper; Woo (!997) - 0,608
	Abordagens Conceituais	Stinchcombe (1965)STINCHCOMBE, A. L. Social Structure and Organizations. In J. Marsh (Ed.), Handbook of Organizations, 1965. - 0,789 Freeman: Carroll; Hannan (1983)FREEMAN, J.; CARROLL, G.; HANNAN, M. The liability of newness: age dependence in organization death rates. American Sociological Review, v. 48, n. October, p.692–710, 1983. - 0,778 Hannan; Freeman (1984)HANNAN, M.; FREEMAN, J. Structural inertia and organizational change. American Sociological Review, v. 49, p.149–164, 1984. - 0,769 Aldrich; Fiol (1994)ALDRICH, H., Fiol, C. Fools Rush in? The Institutional Context of Industry Creation. The Academy of Management Review, v. 19, n. 4, p.645, 1994. - 0,760 Eisenhardt; Schoonhoven (1990)EISENHARDT, K.; SCHOONHOVEN, C. Organizational Growth : Linking Founding Team, Strategy . Environment, and Growth among US Semiconductor Ventures. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, n. 3, p.504–529, 1990. - 0,759 Porter (1980) - 0,715 Penrose (1959)PENROSE, E. The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. White Plains, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1959. - 0,652 Barney (1991)BARNEY, J. Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, v. 17, n. 1, p.99–120, 1991. - 0,611
	Condições de Entrada e Sobrevivência	Geroski (1995)GEROSKI, P. What do we know about entry? International Journal of Industrial Organization, v. 13, n. 4, p.421–440, 1995. - 0,722 Wagner (1994)WAGNER, J. The post-entry performance of new small firms in German manufactoring industries. Journal of Industrial Economics, v. 42, n. june, p. 141–154, 1994. - 0,693 Audretsch (1995)AUDRETSCH, D. Innovation and Industry Evolution. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1995. - 0,657 Audretsch (1991)AUDRETSCH, D. New-firm survival and the technological regime. Review of Economics and Statistics, v. 74, p.441–450, 1991. - 0,648 Acs; Audretsch (1990)ACS, Z.; AUDRETSCH, D. Innovation and small firms. International Journal of Industrial Organization (Vol. 9). Boston, MA: Massachusettd Institute of Tchnonogy, 1990. - 0,612 Dunne; Roberts; Samuelson (1988)DUNNE, T.; ROBERTS, M.; SAMUELSON, L. Patterns of firm entry and exit in United-States manufacturing- industries. Rand Journal of Economics, v. 19, n. 4, p.495–515, 1988. - 0,604
	Empresas Familiares	Habbershon; Williams (1999)HABBERSHON, T.; WILLIAMS, M. A resource-based framework for assessing the strategic advantages of family firms. Family Business Review, v. 12, n. 1, p.1–25, 1999. - 0,767 Gersick et al. (1997)GERSICK, K.; DAVIS, J.; HAMPTON, M.; LANSBERG, I. Generation to Generation. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 1997. - 0,665 Sharma (2004)SHARMA, P. An overview of the field of family business studies: current status and directions for the future. Family Business Review, v. 17, n. 1, p. 1–36, 2004. - 0,643 Schulze et al. (2001)SCHULZE, W.; LUBATKIN, M.; DINO, R.; BUCHHOLTZ, A. Agency relationships in family firms: theory and evidence. Organization Science, v. 12, n. 2, p. 99–116, 2001. - 0,628
2010 – 2014	Empreendedorismo, Aprendizagem e Sobrevivência	Evans; Leighton (1989)EVANS, D., LEIGHTON, L. Some Empirical Aspects of Entrepreneurship. The American Economic Review, v. 79, p.519–535, 1989. - 0,826 Hayward; Shepherd; Griffin (2006)HAYWARD, M.; SHEPHERD, D.; GRIFFIN, D. A Hubris Theory of Entrepreneurship. Management Science, v. 52, n. 2, p.160–172, 2006. - 0,819 Bates (2005)BATES, T. Analysis of young, small firms that have closed: Delineating successful from unsuccessful closures. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 20, n. 3, p.343–358, 2005. - 0,788 Headd (2003)HEADD, B. Redefining Business Success: Distinguishing between Closure and Failure. Small Business Economics, v. 2, n. 1, p.51–61, 2003. - 0,771 Bruderl; Preisendorfer; Ziegler (1992)BRUDERL, J.; PREISENDORFER, P.; ZIEGLER, R. Survival Chances of Newly Founded Business Organizations. American Sociological Review, v. 57, n.(2), p.227, 1992. - 0,751 McGrath (1999)MCGRATH, R. Falling Forward: Real Options Reasoning and Entrepreneurial Failure. Academy of Management Review, v. 24, n. 1, p. 13–30, 1999. - 0,731 Gimeno; Folta; Cooper; Woo (1997) - 0,724 Jovanovic (1982)JOVANOVIC, B. Selection and the evolution of industry. Econometrica, v. 50, n. 3, p.649–670, 1982. - 0,712 Shepherd (2003)SHEPHERD, D. Learning from business failure: propositions of grief recovery for the self-employed. Academy of Management Review, v. 28, n. 2, p. 318–328, 2003. - 0,698 Bates (1990)BATES, T. Entrepreneurial human capital inputs and small business longevity. Review of Economics and Statistics, v. 72, n. 4, p.551–559, 1990. - 0,669 Davidsson; Honig (2003)DAVIDSSON, P., HONIG, B. The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 18, n. 3, p.301–331, 2003. - 0,642 Heckman (1979) - 0,607 Shepherd; Wiklund; Haynie (2009) - 0,603 Levesque;Minniti (2006) - 0,600
	Adm. Estratégica e Desempenho	Schumpeter (1934)SCHUMPETER, J. The theory of economic development: an inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest, and the business cycle. Harvard Economic Studies, v. 46. London: Transaction Books, 1934. - 0,769 Lumpkin; Dess (2001)LUMPKIN, G.; DESS, G. Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 16, n. 5, p.429–451, 2001. - 0,768 Lumpkin; Dess (1996)LUMPKIN, G.; DESS, G. Clarifying the Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It to Performance. The Academy of Management Review, v. 21, n. 1, p.135–172, 1996. - 0,725 March (1991)MARCH, J. Exploration and exploitation in organizational learning. Organization Science, v.2, n. 1, p. 71–87, 1991. - 0,71 Covin; Slevin (1989)COVIN, J.; SLEVIN, D. Strategic management of small firms in hostile and benign environments. Strategic Management Journal, v.10, n. March 1987, p.75–87, 1989. - 0,711 Miller (1993) - 0,672
		Stuart; Hoang; Hybels (1999)STUART, T., HOANG, H., HYBELS, R. Interorganizational endorsements and the performance of entrepreneurial ventures. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 44, n.2, p. 315–349, 1999. - 0,654 Cohen, Levinthal (1990)COHEN, W., LEVINTHAL, D. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, v. 35, p.118–152, 1990. - 0,648 Stinchcombe (1965)STINCHCOMBE, A. L. Social Structure and Organizations. In J. Marsh (Ed.), Handbook of Organizations, 1965. - 0,512; Aldrich; Auster (1986)ALDRICH, H., Auster, E. Even dwarfs starred small: liabilities of age and size and their srtategic implications. Research in Organizational Behavior, v. 8, p.165–199, 1986. - 0,495
		Penrose (1959)PENROSE, E. The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. White Plains, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1959. - 0,764 Klepper (1996)KLEPPER, S. Entry, exit, growth, and innovation over the product life cycle. American Economic Review, v. 86, n. 3, p.562–583, 1996. - 0,595 Delmar; Davidsson; Gartner (2003)DELMAR, F.; DAVIDSSON, P.; GARTNER, W. Arriving at the high-growth firm. Journal of Business Venturing, v. 18, n. 2, p.189–216, 2003. - 0,586 Porter (1980) - 0,543

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DECLÍNIO EM PEQUENAS EMPRESAS: ABORDAGENS E TRABALHOS RELEVANTES1 1 Recebido em 01/08/2016; aprovado em 18/07/2017.

DECLINE IN SMALL BUSINESSES: APPROACHES AND SIGNIFICANT WORK

DESCENSO EM PEQUENAS EMPRESAS: ENFOQUES Y TRABAJOS SIGNIFICATIVOS

RESUMO

DECLÍNIO EM PEQUENAS EMPRESAS: ABORDAGENS E TRABALHOS RELEVANTES¹ 1 Recebido em 01/08/2016; aprovado em 18/07/2017.