ABSTRACT.
The aim of this theoretical descriptive study was to analyze the main motivations for pharmacological cognitive enhancement in contemporary times through the dialogue with authors who investigated some phenomena of the so-called post-modernity, such as Deleuze (1992), Foucault (2000), Bauman (2001) and Han (2015), in addition to authors of the psychoanalytic field (Bezerra Júnior, 2010; Ferraz, 2014; Birman, 2014) that criticize the issue of medicalization of education and its consequences. It was found that, currently, the search for pharmacological cognitive enhancement is closely linked to the lifestyle and society built in the last decades. Regardless of the name given to the historical moment the society is, it is increasingly difficult to deal with reality and, in this context, the pharmacological cognitive enhancement is revealed as one of the facets of the recent phenomenon known as ‘psychiatrization of normality’. As a result, it is also noted that the non-medical and indiscriminate use of drugs to boost brainpower has become a common practice among college students; for this reason, it is not merely an educational issue that may interfere with the teaching-learning process, but also a public health problem. It is concluded that this phenomenon raises, in today’s society, challenges of different orders, which is why it deserves special attention from the scientific community.
Keywords:
Pharmacological cognitive enhancement; medicalization of education; contemporaneity