Obesity and periodontitis: systematic review and meta-analysis

Moura-Grec, Patrícia Garcia de; Marsicano, Juliane Avansini; Carvalho, Cristiane Alves Paz de; Sales-Peres, Silvia Helena de Carvalho

doi:10.1590/1413-81232014196.13482013

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Revisão • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 19 (06) • June 2014 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232014196.13482013 copy

Obesity and periodontitis: systematic review and meta-analysis

Obesidade e periodontite: revisão sistemática e meta-análise

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The scope of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the studies on the association between obesity and periodontitis. The methods applied included a literature search strategy and selection of studies using inclusion and exclusion in accordance with the criteria for characteristics of the studies and meta-analysis. The research was conducted in the PubMed, Embase and Lilacs databases through 2010. Selected papers were on studies on humans investigating whether or not obesity is a risk factor for periodontitis. Of the 822 studies identified, 31 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of periodontitis was associated with obesity (or had a tendency for this) in 25 studies, though it was not associated in 6 studies. The meta-analysis showed a significant association with obesity and periodontitis (OR = 1.30 [95% Confidence Interval (CI), 1.25 - 1.35]) and with mean Body Mass Index (BMI) and periodontal disease (mean difference = 2.75). Obesity was associated with periodontitis, however the risk factors that aggravate these diseases should be better clarified to elucidate the direction of this association. Working with paired samples and avoiding confusion factors may contribute to homogeneity between the studies.

Obesity; Overweight; Periodontal diseases; Periodontitis

Reference	Subjects	Age	Mean	Percent	Country	Method of periodontal evaluation
(Author, year)	(n)	range	age	female		and criteria
			(years)	(%)

Al-Zahrani et al., 2003¹⁹	13.665	= 18	NR	52.7	USA	PPD = 4 mm and CAL = 3 mm
Borges et al., 2007²⁰	318	= 30	57.0	55.0	Brazil	CPI scores 3 and 4
D’Aiuto et al., 2008²¹	13.677	> 17	NR	NR	USA	PPD = 4 mm
Dalla Vecchia et al., 2005²²	706	30-65	NR	53.4	Brazil	CAL = 5 mm
Dumitrescu; Kawamura, 2010¹²	79	19-69	NR	60.8	Norway	PPD > 6mm
Ekuni et al., 2008²³	618	18-24	21.4	52.1	Japan	CPIscores 3 and 4
Furuta et al., 2010²⁴	2.225	18-19	18.6	43.2	Japan	PPD = 4 mm
Genco et al., 2005⁷	12.367	NR	43.5	53.1	USA	CAL = 1.5 mm
Haffajee; Socransky, 2009²⁵	695	18-86	46.8	49.6	USA	PPD = 4 mm
Han et al., 2009¹³	1.046	15-84	40.8	54.5	South Korea	CPI scores 3 and 4
Khader et al., 2009¹⁴	340	18-70	NR	50.6	Jordan	PPD = 4 mm and CAL = 3 mm
Kongstad et al., 2009¹⁷	1.504	20-95	52.8	53.9	Denmark	CAL = 3 mm
Kumar et al., 2009²⁶	513	18-54	32.6	NR	India	CPI scores 3 and 4
Kushiyama et al.,2009¹⁸	1.070	40-70	NR	73.7	Japan	CPI score 4
Li et al., 2009²⁷	208	37-78	61.1	54.8	China	CAL = 3 mm
Linden et al., 2007²⁸	1.362	60-70	64.2	0.0	UK	PPD = 5 mm
Lundin et al., 2004²⁹	32	13-24	17.8	65.6	Sweden	PPD = 4 mm
Machado et al., 2005³⁰	60	> 20	43.9	43.3	Brazil	PPD = 5 mm
Morita et al., 2009³¹	2.478	24-60	43.3	18.2	Japan	CPI scores 3 and 4
Pitiphat et al., 2008³²	121	20-67	40.5	73.6	Thailand	PPD = 5 mm
Saito et al., 2001³³	643	NR	45.6	79.6	Japan	PPD = 4 mm
Saito et al., 2005³⁴	584	40-79	56.6	100.0	Japan	PPD = 1.9 mm (quintile)
Saito, 2008³⁵	76	55-59	55.0	100.0	Japan	PPD 3 teeth = 4 mm or 1 tooth = 6 mm
Saxlin et al. 2010³⁶	214	30-59	44.3	58.4	Finland	PPD = 4 mm
Saxlin et al., 2008³⁷	1.297	30-49	NR	60.8	Finland	PPD = 4 mm
Shimazaki et al., 2007³⁸	584	40-79	55.7	100.0	Japan	PPD = 2 mm
Torrungruang et al., 2005³⁹	2.005	50-73	60.0	25.6	Thailand	CAL = 4 mm
Wang et al., 2009⁴⁰	12.123	35-44	39.5	64.3	Taiwan	CPI scores 3 and 4
Wood et al., 2003⁴¹	8.842	= 18	NR	51.3	USA	PPD = 3 mm
Wood; Johnson, 2008⁴²	1.098	> 18	NR	NR	USA	PSR scores 3 and 4 (pocket = 3.5 mm)
Borges-Yáñez et al., 2006⁴³	365	> 60	73.0	NR	Mexico	PPD = 6 mm
		Were the
		examiners
Method of nutritional	Sampling	calibrated for	Main variables controlled	Significant
evaluation and criteria to	calculation	periodontal		association:
define obesity		assessment?		obesity and
		(Kappa values)		periodontitis

BMI = 30Kg/m²	#	No	Age, gender, ethnicity, smoking habits,	Yes
			diabetes, schooling, last dental visit
BMI mean	No	No	Ethnicity, schooling, PCR	Tendency
WC > 102cm (male) or > 88cm	#	Yes*	Age, gender, smoking habits, schooling,	Tendency
(female)			ethnicity
BMI = 30Kg/m²	Yes	k = 0.85 to 0.92	Diabetes	Yes
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	No	None	Yes
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	No	Unclear	Yes
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	Yes*	None	Tendency
BMI = 27Kg/m²	No	No	Diabetes, age, gender, smoking habits,	Yes
BMI = 30Kg/m²			ethnicity, schooling, cholesterol
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	No	Antibiotic therapy, age, gender, smoking habits	Yes
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	k = 0.84 to 0.97	Gender, smoking habits, age, sociodemograph	Yes
		(intra); k = 0.62	factors, physical activity
BMI = 30Kg/m² and WC >		(inter)
BMI = 30Kg/m² and WC >	No	No	Pregnancy, antibiotic therapy, osteoporosis,	Yes
102cm (men) or > 88cm			cancer, age, dental plaque, number of teeth
(women)
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	k = 0.52	Age, gender, smoking habits, diabetes, physical	No
BMI = 30Kg/m²			activity
BMI = 30Kg/m²	Yes	k = 0.84	Age	Yes
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	No	Age, gender, smoking habits	No
BMI = 25Kg/m² and WC >	No	No	Antibiotic therapy, age, gender, smoking habits	Tendency
90cm (men) or > 80cm
(women)
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	Yes*	gender, smoking habits, age, diabetes,	Tendency
			schooling
BMI mean	No	No	smoking habits	No
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	No	age, gender	No
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	No	age, gender, smoking habits	Yes
BMI mean	No	Yes*	medication, pregnancy, sistemic diseases,	Yes
BMI = 30Kg/m²			periodontal therapy
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	k = 0.58 to 0.75	age, gender, social class, diabetes, smoking	Yes
			habits, oral hygien
BMI mean	No	No	age, dental plaque, smoking habits	Yes
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	Yes*	gender	Yes
BMI = 30Kg/m²	#	k = 0.83	age, gender, schooling, dental plaque, number	Tendency
			of teeth
BMI > 28.6Kg/m² (quintile)	#	k = 0.82	diabetes, smoking habits	Yes
WC > 88cm (women)	No	k = 0.80	age, smoking habits	Yes
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	k = 0.72 to 0.90	age, dental plaque, smoking habits, diabetes	No
BMI = 25Kg/m²	No	k = 0.55 to 0.61	severe systemic disease	Tendency
		(intra); k = 0.42
		to 0.44 (inter)
BMI mean	#	Yes*	age, gender, ethnicity, smoking habits,	Yes
BMI = 30Kg/m²			diabetes, schooling, last dental visit
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	Yes*	smoking habits	Tendency
BMI = 30Kg/m²	No	Yes*	age, gender, sociodemograph factors, schooling,	No
			smoking habits

ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva Av. Brasil, 4036 - sala 700 Manguinhos, 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 3882-9153 / 3882-9151 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: cienciasaudecoletiva@fiocruz.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Collaborations PG Moura-Grec was involved in the original conception of the research, carrying out the study (data search, paper selection, extraction of information and meta-analysis) and writing of the manuscript. JA Marsicano contributed at the extraction of information from studies. CAP Carvalho contributed at the evaluation of the articles for eligibility and reviewed the manuscript. SHC Sales-Peres was involved in the original conception of the research, contributed at the extraction information from studies, and reviewed the final version of the manuscript.