Quality of life and oral health among hypertensive and diabetic people in a Brazilian Southeastern city

Oliveira, Eduardo José Pereira; Rocha, Vinício Felipe Brasil; Nogueira, Denismar Alves; Pereira, Alessandro Aparecido

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018233.00752016

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ARTICLE • Ciênc. saúde colet. 23 (3) • Mar 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018233.00752016 copy

Quality of life and oral health among hypertensive and diabetic people in a Brazilian Southeastern city

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This research aimed to assess the oral health related to quality of life among hypertensive and diabetic patients in the city of Alfenas, Brazil. This was a domiciliary-based, descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional research with a random, systematic sample stratified by the Family Health Team, consisting of 218 individuals. The following indexes were applied: DMFT, T-Health, FS-T, SiC index, use and need of prosthesis and OHIP-14. Most of the patients (56.42%) had only high blood pressure, were females (67.43%), with an average age of 64.83 (±11.99) years old, varying between 35 and 93 years old. No significant differences on the variables between hypertensives, diabetics and hypertensive-diabetics were noticed. The following data was registered: DMFT=27.16 (± 6.15), with 22.94 (± 10.46) of missing teeth; T-Health=5.23 (± 6.52); FS-T=8.53 (± 10.12) and SiC=32 (± 0.00). 85.78% of the individuals were using prosthesis (58.72% Dentures) and 61.01% needed prostheses (58.26% in the jaw).The correlations between OHIP-14 (5.37 [± 4.95]) and oral health evidenced the increase in the number of teeth affecting psychological dimensions, besides the use and need of prostheses were associated to physical and social impacts (p < 0.05). We concluded that edentulism, use and need of prostheses affected quality of life in hypertensive and diabetic patients concerning psychological, physical and social aspects.

Oral health; Epidemiology; Quality of life

	SAH			DM			SAH/DM			Total

	M n	F n	T %*	M n	F n	T %*	M n	F n	T %*	M n	F n	T %*
Age group
35-44 years	2	6	3.67	0	2	0.92	1	1	9.17	3	9	5.50
45-64 years	13	34	21.56	5	5	4.59	6	24	13.76	24	63	39.91
65-74 years	16	24	18.35	4	6	4.59	4	19	10.56	24	49	33.49
≥75 years	14	14	12.84	1	4	2.29	5	8	5.96	20	26	21.10
Total	45	78	56.42	10	17	12.39	16	52	31.19	71	147	100.00

	SAH		DM		SAH/DM		General		p*
Dental condition, µ (sd)
Healthy	4.56	(6.02)	3.30	(4.40)	4.25	(5.72)	4.31	(5.74)	0.766 ^K
Decayed	0.60	(1.59)	0.44	(0.85)	0.43	(0.87)	0.53	(1.32)	0.959 ^K
Filled	3.59	(5.08)	4.33	(5.53)	3.60	(4.61)	3.69	(4.98)	0.799 ^K
Missing	22.50	(10.99)	23.78	(9.97)	23.43	(9.74)	22.94	(10.46)	0.849 ^K
FP Support	0.70	(2.00)	0.15	(0.46)	0.29	(0.96)	0.50	(1.62)	0.140 ^K
DMFT	26.69	(6.59)	28.56	(4.52)	27.46	(5.86)	27.16	(6.15)	0.529 ^K
T-Health	5.53	(6.85)	4.24	(5.35)	5.07	(6.36)	5.23	(6.52)	0.801 ^K
FS-T	8.90	(10.67)	7.78	(9.47)	8.15	(9.43)	8.53	(10.12)	0.868 ^K
SiC	32.00	(0.00)	32.00	(0.00)	32.00	(0.00)	32.00	(0.00)	1.000 ^K

	SAH	DM	SAH/DM	General		p*
Usage, %
No use	13.01	18.52	14.71	14.22		0.752 ^Q
PP	37.40	40.74	36.76	37.61		0.934 ^Q
CP	60.16	48.15	60.29	58.72		0.492 ^Q
UP	82.93	77.78	82.35	82.11	< 0.001^Q*
LP	52.85	59.26	54.41	54.13	< 0.001^Q*
Necessity, %				38,99		0.176 ^Q
No necessity	34.15	51.85	42.65	38.99		0.096 ^Q
PP	40.65	18.52	38.24	37.16		0.726 ^Q
CP	28.46	29.63	23.53	27.06	< 0.001^Q*
UP	39.86	22.22	23.53	32.57	< 0.001^Q*
LP	62.60	48.15	54.41	58.26

	SAH		DM		SAH/DM		General		p*
OHIP-14, µ (sd)
FL	0.39	(0.73)	0.42	(0.71)	0.38	(0.84)	0.39	(0.76)	0.570 ^K
PP	1.20	(1.12)	1.18	(1.19)	0.99	(1.14)	1.13	(1.13)	0.260 ^K
PD	1.01	(1.10)	0.94	(1.30)	1.02	(1.27)	1.01	(1.18)	0.669 ^K
PI	1.07	(1.24)	0.87	(1.16)	0.97	(1.23)	1.02	(1.23)	0.706 ^K
PsychI	0.71	(0.85)	0.70	(0.91)	0.55	(0.81)	0.66	(0.85)	0.427 ^K
SI	0.51	(0.86)	0.23	(0.47)	0.34	(0.57)	0.42	(0.74)	0.248 ^K
SD	0.81	(0.97)	0.61	(0.75)	0.68	(0.92)	0.74	(0.93)	0.600 ^K
OHIP-14	5.71	(5.04)	4.96	(5.12)	4.92	(4.76)	5.37	(4.95)	0.360 ^K

OHIP-14 total and dimensions, r

	FL	PP	PD	PI	PsychI	SI	SD	OHIP
H	-0.033	0.025*	0.199*	-0.157*	0.057*	0.013	-0.136*	0.003*
F	0.006	0.032*	0.289*	-0.096*	0.110*	0.020	-0.081*	0.067*
FP	0.086	-0.008*	0.145*	-0.006*	0.093*	-0.068	-0.005*	0.063*
D	0.054	0.038*	0.078*	0.040*	0.082*	-0.011	0.051*	0.099*
M	0.002	-0.008*	-0.241*	0.134*	-0.081*	-0.001	0.106*	-0.026*
DMFT	0.010	-0.015*	-0.214*	0.135*	-0.071*	-0.004	0.116*	-0.017*
T-Health	-0.007	0.028*	0.231*	-0.141*	0.080*	0.009	-0.118*	0.024*
FS-T	-0.006	0.018*	0.248*	-0.134*	0.085*	0.003	-0.108*	0.030*
UP Use	-0.028	-0.020*	-0.162*	0.121*	-0.064*	0.054	0.131	0.016*
LP Use	0.025	-0.093*	-0.133*	-0.075*	-0.096*	0.004	-0.029	-0.104*
Nec.UP	0.050	0.186*	0.104*	0.227*	0.153*	0.080	0.070*	0.195*
Nec.LP	0.039	0.233*	0.097*	0.302*	0.128*	0.074	0.159*	0.234*

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[1] Collaborations

Authors EJP Oliveira and AA Pereira worked on all stages of the article. VFB Rocha and DA Nogueira contributed to the organization, analysis and interpretation of the data, as well as in the final essay.