Driving Force |
Current economic model. |
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GDP per capita.
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Sustainable development indicators.
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Urbanization and population growth rates.
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Vehicle fleet index.
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Air and water quality rates.
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Employment and income rates.
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Increase in disposable use index.
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Establish and implement public policies for sustainable development.
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Implement environmental education for communities in formal education situations.
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Reduce the emission of pollutants in air, soil, and water.
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Modify the healthcare services logic, emphasizing prevention.
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Promote quality of life, access to education, health, work, and safety.
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Promote actions for health education and the prevention of diseases and injuries.
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Organizational logic of healthcare. |
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Pressure |
Increase in services at healthcare facilities (primary health units, clinics, outpatient clinics) |
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Promote a healthy lifestyle that does not cause the population to become sick.
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Reduce hospitalizations and the need for healthcare service procedures through promotional and preventive action.
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Educate healthcare professionals in sustainable materials use.
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Appropriately store, treat, and dispose of each type of HCW according to its classification and handling.
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Minimize HCW generation and encourage reuse and recycling.
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Increase in HCW generation. |
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Index of HCW generated by establishment type.
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Existence of an HCW management plan.
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HCW management costs.
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HCW generation rate per bed.
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HCW generation rate per procedure.
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Increase in the demand for the appropriate treatment and final disposal of HCW |
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Volume of waste generated and segregated.
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Amount of packaging containers.
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Existence of a permanent education training programme that includes the topic of waste.
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Final disposal costs.
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Situation |
Environmental contamination, mainly by infectious and chemical waste, changing water, soil, and air quality. |
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Water and soil quality indicators.
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Air quality indicators.
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Environmental pollution rate.
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Rate of emission of gases in the atmosphere.
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Protect groundwater and water sources.
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Reduce drinking water contamination.
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Decrease the use of drinking water for waste treatment.
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Reuse water.
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Reduce the emission of polluting gases to promote air quality.
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Treat all chemical waste before disposal.
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Treat all infectious waste before discarding and/or final disposal.
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Develop and implement an HCW management plan.
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Supervise facilities responsible for HCW treatment.
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Supervise regular landfills and hazardous industrial waste landfills.
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Risk of increased number of occupational accidents. |
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Rate of occupational accidents.
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Work leave days
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Occupational accident treatment costs.
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Index of contamination due to work accident.
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Segregate waste appropriately.
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Promote permanent education actions to prevent and monitor the causes of accidents.
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Correct use of personal protective equipment (PPE).
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Increased risk of infections. |
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Discourage inappropriate forms of management.
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Proper segregation, disposal, packaging, collection, and transportation of waste.
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Exposure |
Population exposed to a higher number of determinant factors of health impairment. |
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Hospital occupancy rate.
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Incidence of respiratory diseases in children and the elderly.
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Hospitalization rate due to respiratory problems.
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Hospitalization rate due to chronic diseases.
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Readmission rates.
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Promote public policy related to water, soil, and air quality.
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Integrate institutional actions with epidemiological and environmental surveillance actions.
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Water and soil potentially contaminated by medications and other chemicals. |
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Water quality.
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Rate of contaminants present in water.
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Rate of households with potable water.
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Rate of coverage of selective collection.
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Promote public policy for water protection and correct use for activities.
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Train health institutions (professionals and users) in correct HCW segregation.
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Reduce the contamination of water sources and groundwater via correct handling and treatment of waste.
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Reduce water waste.
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High air pollution rates and polluting gases. |
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Establish an environmental protection policy to promote air quality for the population and the environment.
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Reduce pollutant emission into the atmosphere.
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Decrease vehicle fleet.
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Decrease release of untreated gases.
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Monitor incinerator efficiency.
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Exposure to pathogens or hazardous waste (chemicals) due to inappropriate management. |
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Occupational disease rate.
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Index of occupational accidents for health professionals.
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Rate of work leave due to occupational injuries or illnesses.
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Rate of hospital occupancy due to respiratory disease.
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Educate professionals to handle waste properly.
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Encourage the use of PPE and Collective Protective Equipment (CPE).
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Provide PPE according to the risk level.
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Promote surveillance and healthcare measures.
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Establish a flow for notification of diseases and injuries.
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Establish measures for disease prevention.
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Prepare and implement an HCW management plan.
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Comply with all existing legal provisions.
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Effect |
Infectious diseases transmitted by sharps. |
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Rate of sharps injuries.
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Rate of retrovirals use by injured health professionals.
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Hospital occupancy rate due to infectious diseases.
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Rate of outbreaks due to diarrhoeal diseases.
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Rate of diseases transmitted by potentially contaminated and altered natural elements.
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Promote in institutions permanent education on biosafety and HCW.
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Promote appropriate treatment of injured professionals.
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Promote appropriate forms and processes for the storage, treatment, and disposal of waste.
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Increased infection rate. |
Increase in diseases and health problems caused by water, soil, and air components. |