Influencia de las actividades en la calidad de vida de los ancianos: revisión sistemática

Gómez-Morales, Abigail; Miranda, Jessica Maria Arouca de; Pergola-Marconato, Aline Maino; Mansano-Schlosser, Thalyta Cristina; Mendes, Felismina Rosa Parreira; Torres, Gilson de Vasconcelos

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018241.05452017

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Artigo • Ciênc. saúde colet. 24 (1) • Ene 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018241.05452017 copiar

Influencia de las actividades en la calidad de vida de los ancianos: revisión sistemática

The influence of activities on the quality of life of the elderly: a systematic review

Autoría SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumen

El objetivo es identificar qué actividades o intervenciones ocasionan cambios en la calidad de vida de los ancianos. Revisión sistemática de la literatura en las bases de datos: Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Scielo, Lilacs, BDenf y PubMed. Cómo término principal Medical Subject Heading Terms (Mesh) se seleccionó “quality of life” en combianción con los términos de mayor interés:“elderly, motor activity, education“. Búsqueda realizada entre Julio y Agosto de 2015 en la cual se incluyen trabajos originales publicados entre 2010 y 2015 en ingles, portugués y español. Además se siguió la estragégia Cocharne para la elaboración de la revisión. Se estudiaron 27 artículos que comparaban la calidad de vida del anciano antes y después de realizar una intervención de tipo física, educativa o mixta. Cómo principal resultado se obtiene que la salud general, fución social, rol físico y satisfacción con la vida són los dominios más influenciados, así como las actividades físicas en grupo són las más realizadas. Se concluye que al realizar actividades de cualquier índole, preferiblemente adaptadas, se producen cambios de forma notable en la calidad de vida del anciano a nivel general, observándose especialmente una mejoría en aspectos funcionales, mentales y sociales.

Palabras clave
Calidad de vida; Envejecimiento; Actividad motora; Anciano; Educación

Estudio	País	Intervención realizada	Características de la intervención^a a principales características de la intervención realizada (actividad grupal/individual, duración del estudio, frecuencia de las sesiones, duración de las sesiones)	Participantes^b b número de participantes en cada grupo de estudio	Formulario empleado	Dominios mejorados^c c basados sf36
Colom Toldrá et al.¹¹11. Colom Toldrá R, Guimarães Cordone R, De Almeida Arruda B, Fagundes Souto AC. Promoção da saúde e da qualidade de vida com idosos por meio de práticas corporais. O Mundo da Saúde 2014; 38(2):159-168. 2014	Brasil	Física -actividad física self-healing	Grupal en centro comunitario 6 meses 1 sesión cada quincena 1,30h	25 personas	SF36	Rol Físico Rol Emocional Dolor
López-Téllez et al.¹²12. López-Téllez A, Ruiz JR, Torres FM, Maldonado IF, Zaragoza IM, Torres PP. Efectividad de un programa de intervención socio-motriz en población mayor con riesgo social. Semergen 2012; 38(3):137-144. 2012	España	Mixta -sesiones de educación higiénico-sanitaria mensuales - 3 jornadas de actividades sociales -2 sesiones semanales de actividad física de una hora de duración	Grupal en centro comunitario 6meses ≥2 sesiones por semana ≥1h	29 personas	SF36	Rol físico, Rol emocional, Dolor Función social, Salud mental
Mazloomymahmoodabad et al.¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184. 2014	Irán	Educativa -clases teóricas de educación sanitaria	Individual en centro de salud 9meses <1 semana >1h	64 p. grupo control 64 p. grupo experimental	SF36	Rol físico, Función física Rol emocional Dolor Función social Salud mental Vitalidad Salud general
Mendoza-Ruvalcaba et al.¹⁴14. Mendoza-Ruvalcaba NM, Arias-Merino ED. “I am active”: effects of a program to promote active aging. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:829-837. 2015	México	Mixta -clases teórico-prácticas	Grupal en centro comunitario 2 meses 2 veces por semana 2h	31 p. grupo experimental 33 p. grupo control	Quality of life Index	Función física Función social Salud general
Cichocki et al.¹⁵15. Cichocki M, Quehenberger V, Zeiler M, Adamcik T, Manousek M, Stamm T, Krajic K. Effectiveness of a low-threshold physical activity intervention in residential aged care – results of a randomized controlled trial. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:885-895. 2015	Austria	Física -ejercicio físico adaptado de baja intensidad	Grupal en residencia 8 meses 1 vez por semana 1h	104 p. grupo experimental 118 p. grupo control	Euro Quality of Life-5 dimensions (Euroqol 5D)	Salud general
Mura et al. ¹⁶16. Mura G, Sancassiani F, Migliaccio GM, Collu G, Giovanni Carta M. The association between different kinds of exercise and quality of life in the long term. Results of a randomized controlled trial on the Elderly. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2014; 10:36-41. 2014	Italia	Física -ejercicio físico postural -ejercicio físico alta intensidad	Grupal en centro comunitario 3 meses 3 veces por semana 1h	21 p. grupo postural 21 p. grupo de alta intensidad	SF12	Salud general
Seinfeld et al.¹⁷17. Seinfeld S, Figueroa H, Ortiz-Gil J, Sanchez-Vives MV. Effects o music learning and piano practice on cognitive function, mood and quality of life in older adults. Front Phsicol [serial on the internet]. 2013 Nov [Cited 2016 Dec 15]; 4: [about 13 p.]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814522/pdf/fpsyg-04-00810.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... 2013	España	Educativa -clases de música	Grupal en centro comunitario 4 meses 1 vez a la semana 1,30h (extra: 45 min practica individual en casa)	13 p. grupo piano 16 p. grupo ocio	Whoqol-bref	Rol físico Salud mental
Schmitt et al.¹⁸18. Schmitt EM, Sands LP, Weiss S, Dowling G, Covinsky K. Adult day health center participation and health-related quality of life. Gerontologist 2010; 50(4):531-540. 2010	USA	Mixta -participación en centro de día (sesiones de terapias, ocio, cuidado personal)	Grupal en residencia 12 meses ≥2 veces por semana >1h	57 p. grupo experimental 67 p. grupo control	SF36	Rol físico Rol emocional
Dehi et al.¹⁹19. Dehi M, Aghajari P, Shahshahani M, Takfallah L, Jahangiri L. The effect of stationary walking on the quality of life of the elderly women: a randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2014; 3(2):103-111. 2014	Irán	Física -actividad física en cinta de caminar	Grupal en centro comunitario 6 semanas 3 veces por semana 30 minutes	33 p. grupo control (4p. sesión) 33 p. grupo experimental.	LEIPAD	Rol físico Salud mental Autocuidado Satisfacción con la vida
Varma et al.²⁰20. Varma VR,. Tan EJ, Wang T, Xue Q, Fried LP, Seplaki CL, King AC, Seeman TE, Rebok GW, Carlson MC. Low-intensity walking activity is associated with better health. J Appl Gerontol 2014; 33(7):870-887. 2014	USA	Física -caminar	Individual 6 meses Diario >1h	187 personas	Euroqol	Salud General
Lobo et al.²¹21. Lobo A, Carvalho J, Santos P. Effects of training and detraining on physical fitness, physical activity patterns, cardiovascular variables and HRQoL after 3 health-promotion interventions in institutionalized elders. Int J Family Med [serial on the internet]; 2010 Feb [Cited 2016 Dec 15]. 2010 [about 10 p.]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3275997/pdf/IJFM2010-486097.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... 2010	Portugal	Física -Ejercicio aeróbico -Ejercicios de fuerza	Grupal en residencia 15 meses 2 veces por semana 30 a 40 minutos	35 p. grupo ejercicio aeróbico 18 p, grupo de fuerza 66 p grupo control	SF36	Salud General
Skropeta et al.²²22. Skropeta CM, Colvin A, Sladen S. An evaluative study of the benefits of participating in intergenerational playgroups in aged care for older people. BMC Geriatr [serial on the internet]. 2014 Oct [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 14(109):[about 11 p]. Available from: http://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2318-14-109 http://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/arti... 2014	Australia	Educativa -Interacción y juegos con niños de hasta 4 años.	Grupal en residencia 6 meses 1 vez semana 1,30h	41 personas	SF36	Vitalidad
Reig-Ferrer et al.²³23. Reig-Ferrer A, Ferrer-Cascales R, Santos-Ruiz A, Campos-Ferrer A, Prieto-Seva A, Velasco-Ruiz I, Fernandez-Pascual MD, Albaladejo-Blazquez N. A relaxation technique enhances psychological well-being and immune parameters in elderly people from a nursing home: A randomized controlled study. BMC Complement Altern Med [serial on the internet] 2014 Ago 23 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 14(31):[about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4153914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... 2014	España	Educativa -técnica de relajación Benson	Grupal en residencia 3 meses y 2 semanas 10 sesiones en 2 semanas. 1h	11 p. grupo experimental 14 p. grupo control	Nottingham Health Profile	Salud General
Émile et al.²⁴24. Émile M, Chalabaev A, Pradier C, Clément-Guillotin C, Falzon C, Colson S, d'Arripe-Longueville F. Effects of supervised and individualized weekly walking on exercise stereotypes and quality of life in older sedentary females. Science & Sports 2014; 29(3):156-163. 2014	Francia	Física -caminar	Grupal en centro comunitario 3 meses 2 veces por semana 45 minutos	34 p. grupo experimental 34p. grupo control	WHO – Quality of life	Rol físico Salud mental Relaciones sociales
Kwon et al.²⁵25. Kwon J, Yoshida Y, Yoshida H, Kim H, Suzuki T, Lee Y. Effects of a combined physical training and nutrition intervention on physical performance and health-related quality of life in prefrail older women living in the community: a randomized controlled trial. JAMDA [serial on the internet]2015 Feb 3 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 16(3):263: [about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659620 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2565... 2015	Japón	Mixta -ejercicio físico -clases de nutrición y cocina	Grupal en centro privado 3 meses -ejercicio físico: 1 vez por semana 1h -Clases cocina: 1 vez a la semana 2-3h	25 p. grupo experimental 25 p. grupo ejercicio físico exclusivo 25 p. grupo control.	SF36	Rol físico Rol emocional Dolor
Bugallo Carrera et al.²⁶26. Bugallo Carrera C, Gandoy Crego M, Gomez Cantorna C. La calidad de vida de los sujetos usuarios de un centro social de personas mayores. Gerokomos 2014; 25(3):103-106. 2014	España	Educativa -asistencia centro social	Grupal en centro comunitario 10 meses >2 vez por semana >1h	30 p. grupo experimental 30 p. grupo control	Cubrecavi	Salud General Satisfacción con la vida
Tamari et al.²⁷27. Tamari K. Self-reported home exercise and younger age predict improved health-related quality of life among community-dwelling elderly participants in a three-month group exercise class. J Physiol Anthropol 2011; 30(2):77-85. 2011	Japón	Física -ejercicios de fuerza muscular y equilibrio	Grupal en centro comunitario 3 meses 1-2 veces por semana 1,30h	42 p. grupo experimental	SF36	Salud mental Vitalidad
Martinez et al²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126. 2013	Brasil	Física -ejercicio físico moderado	Individual 5 veces semana 20 minutos	37 p. grupo experimental 37 p. grupo control	SF36	Rol físico, Función física Rol emocional Dolor Función social Salud mental Vitalidad Salud general
Krist et al.²⁹29. Krist L, Dimeo F, Keil T. Can progressive resistance training twice a week improve mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in very elderly nursing-home residents with impaired mobility? A pilot study. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:443-448. 2013	Alemania	Física -ejercicios de resistencia progresiva	Grupal en residencia 2 meses 2 veces por semana 45 minutos	15 p. grupo experimental	SF36	Función fisica
Tuunainenet al.³⁰30. Tuunainen E, Rasku J, Jäntti P, Moisio-Vilenius P, Mäkinen E, Toppila E, Pyykkö I. Postural stability and quality of life after guided and self-training among older adults residing in an institutional setting. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1237-1246. 2013	Finlandia	Física -ejercicios de fuerza muscular y equilibro	Grupal en residencia 3 meses 2 veces por semana 1h	18 p. grupo experimental 19 p. grupo control 18 p. grupo fuerza	15 D	Función física Salud mental Vitalidad Autocuidado
Kimura et al.³¹31. Kimura M, Moriyasu A, Kumagai S, Furuna T, Akita S, Kimura S, Suzuki T. Community-based intervention to improve dietary habits and promote physical activity among older adults: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Geriatrics 2013; 13:8. 2013	Japón	Mixta -ejercicio físico -educación nutricional	Grupal en centro comunitario 3 meses 1 vez cada quincena 30 min sesión educativa 1h ejercicio físico	57 p. grupo experimental 29 p. Control	Take 10!	Salud general
Kóvacs et al.³²32. Kóvacs E, Prókai L, Mészáros L, Gondos T. Adapted physical activity is beneficial on balance, functional mobility, quality of life and fall of risk in community dwelling older woman. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2013; 49(3):301-310. 2013	Hungría	Física -Actividad física adaptada	Grupal en centro comunitario 6 meses 2 veces por semana 1h	30 p. grupo experimental 38 p. grupo control.	SF36	Función física Vitalidad Salud general
Campos et al.³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876. 2015	Brasil	Física -Pilates -ejercicios de estiramiento	Grupal en centro comunitario 3 meses 2 veces por semana 1h	16 p. grupo experimental de Pilates 16 p. grupo control de estiramientos	SF36	Rol físico, Función física Rol emocional Dolor Función social Salud mental Vitalidad Salud general
Park et al.³⁴34. Park S, Kim J, Lee S. The effects of a community-centered muscle strengthening exercise program using an elastic band on the physical abilities and quality of life on the rural elderly. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(7):2061-2063. 2015	Corea	Física -ejercicios de fuerza física por medio de bandas elásticas	Grupal en centro comunitario 2 meses 2 veces semana 1h 20 min	46 personas	WHO- Quality of Life	Función social Salud mental
Cakar et al.³⁵35. Cakar E, Dincer U, Kiralp MZ, Cakar DB, Durmus O, Kilac H, Soydan FC, Sevinc S, Alper C. Jumping combined exercise programs reduced fall risk and improve balance and quality of life of elderly people who lived in long-term care facility. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2010; 46(1):59-67. 2010	Turquía	Física -ejercicio físico y estiramientos -saltos	Grupal en residencia 6 semanas 3 veces por semana 45 min	36 p. grupo experimental (ejercicio, estiramientos y saltos) 30 p. grupo control (ejercicio y estiramientos)	SF36	Función física Rol emocional Función social Vitalidad
Aokia et al.³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253. 2015	Japón	Física -ejercicio físico adaptado	Individual en domicilio 3 meses Diario 20 min	97 personas	SF8	Rol físico, Función física Dolor Función social Salud mental Vitalidad Salud general
Bankar et al.³⁷37. Bankar MA, Chaudhari SK, Chaudhari KD. Impact of long term Yoga practice on sleep quality and quality of life in the elderly. Integr Med 2013; 4(1):28-32. 2013	India	Física -yoga	Grupal en centro comunitario 6 meses Diario 1h	35p. grupo experimental yoga 30p grupo control	Leipad	Rol físico Función social Salud mental Autocuidado

Dominios (n artículos)	Tipología			Total n(%)
Dominios (n artículos)	Física n(%)^art*	Educativa n(%)^art*	Mixta n(%)^art*	Total n(%)
Salud General (27)	08(29,6) ¹⁵15. Cichocki M, Quehenberger V, Zeiler M, Adamcik T, Manousek M, Stamm T, Krajic K. Effectiveness of a low-threshold physical activity intervention in residential aged care – results of a randomized controlled trial. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:885-895.^,¹⁶16. Mura G, Sancassiani F, Migliaccio GM, Collu G, Giovanni Carta M. The association between different kinds of exercise and quality of life in the long term. Results of a randomized controlled trial on the Elderly. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2014; 10:36-41.^,²⁰20. Varma VR,. Tan EJ, Wang T, Xue Q, Fried LP, Seplaki CL, King AC, Seeman TE, Rebok GW, Carlson MC. Low-intensity walking activity is associated with better health. J Appl Gerontol 2014; 33(7):870-887.^,²¹21. Lobo A, Carvalho J, Santos P. Effects of training and detraining on physical fitness, physical activity patterns, cardiovascular variables and HRQoL after 3 health-promotion interventions in institutionalized elders. Int J Family Med [serial on the internet]; 2010 Feb [Cited 2016 Dec 15]. 2010 [about 10 p.]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3275997/pdf/IJFM2010-486097.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article... ^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³²32. Kóvacs E, Prókai L, Mészáros L, Gondos T. Adapted physical activity is beneficial on balance, functional mobility, quality of life and fall of risk in community dwelling older woman. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2013; 49(3):301-310.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.	02(7,4) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.^,²³23. Reig-Ferrer A, Ferrer-Cascales R, Santos-Ruiz A, Campos-Ferrer A, Prieto-Seva A, Velasco-Ruiz I, Fernandez-Pascual MD, Albaladejo-Blazquez N. A relaxation technique enhances psychological well-being and immune parameters in elderly people from a nursing home: A randomized controlled study. BMC Complement Altern Med [serial on the internet] 2014 Ago 23 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 14(31):[about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4153914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...	03(11,1) ¹⁴14. Mendoza-Ruvalcaba NM, Arias-Merino ED. “I am active”: effects of a program to promote active aging. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:829-837.^,²⁶26. Bugallo Carrera C, Gandoy Crego M, Gomez Cantorna C. La calidad de vida de los sujetos usuarios de un centro social de personas mayores. Gerokomos 2014; 25(3):103-106.^,³¹31. Kimura M, Moriyasu A, Kumagai S, Furuna T, Akita S, Kimura S, Suzuki T. Community-based intervention to improve dietary habits and promote physical activity among older adults: a cluster randomized trial. BMC Geriatrics 2013; 13:8.	13(48,1)
Salud mental (23)	09(39,1) ¹⁹19. Dehi M, Aghajari P, Shahshahani M, Takfallah L, Jahangiri L. The effect of stationary walking on the quality of life of the elderly women: a randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2014; 3(2):103-111.^,²⁴24. Émile M, Chalabaev A, Pradier C, Clément-Guillotin C, Falzon C, Colson S, d'Arripe-Longueville F. Effects of supervised and individualized weekly walking on exercise stereotypes and quality of life in older sedentary females. Science & Sports 2014; 29(3):156-163.^,²⁷27. Tamari K. Self-reported home exercise and younger age predict improved health-related quality of life among community-dwelling elderly participants in a three-month group exercise class. J Physiol Anthropol 2011; 30(2):77-85.^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³⁰30. Tuunainen E, Rasku J, Jäntti P, Moisio-Vilenius P, Mäkinen E, Toppila E, Pyykkö I. Postural stability and quality of life after guided and self-training among older adults residing in an institutional setting. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1237-1246.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁴34. Park S, Kim J, Lee S. The effects of a community-centered muscle strengthening exercise program using an elastic band on the physical abilities and quality of life on the rural elderly. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(7):2061-2063.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.^,³⁷37. Bankar MA, Chaudhari SK, Chaudhari KD. Impact of long term Yoga practice on sleep quality and quality of life in the elderly. Integr Med 2013; 4(1):28-32.	02(8,6) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.^,¹⁷17. Seinfeld S, Figueroa H, Ortiz-Gil J, Sanchez-Vives MV. Effects o music learning and piano practice on cognitive function, mood and quality of life in older adults. Front Phsicol [serial on the internet]. 2013 Nov [Cited 2016 Dec 15]; 4: [about 13 p.]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814522/pdf/fpsyg-04-00810.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...	01(4,3) ¹²12. López-Téllez A, Ruiz JR, Torres FM, Maldonado IF, Zaragoza IM, Torres PP. Efectividad de un programa de intervención socio-motriz en población mayor con riesgo social. Semergen 2012; 38(3):137-144.	12(51,2)
Función Social (23)	08(34,7) ¹⁴14. Mendoza-Ruvalcaba NM, Arias-Merino ED. “I am active”: effects of a program to promote active aging. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:829-837.^,²⁴24. Émile M, Chalabaev A, Pradier C, Clément-Guillotin C, Falzon C, Colson S, d'Arripe-Longueville F. Effects of supervised and individualized weekly walking on exercise stereotypes and quality of life in older sedentary females. Science & Sports 2014; 29(3):156-163.^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁴34. Park S, Kim J, Lee S. The effects of a community-centered muscle strengthening exercise program using an elastic band on the physical abilities and quality of life on the rural elderly. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(7):2061-2063.^,³⁵35. Cakar E, Dincer U, Kiralp MZ, Cakar DB, Durmus O, Kilac H, Soydan FC, Sevinc S, Alper C. Jumping combined exercise programs reduced fall risk and improve balance and quality of life of elderly people who lived in long-term care facility. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2010; 46(1):59-67.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.^,³⁷37. Bankar MA, Chaudhari SK, Chaudhari KD. Impact of long term Yoga practice on sleep quality and quality of life in the elderly. Integr Med 2013; 4(1):28-32.	01(4,3) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.	01(4,3) ¹²12. López-Téllez A, Ruiz JR, Torres FM, Maldonado IF, Zaragoza IM, Torres PP. Efectividad de un programa de intervención socio-motriz en población mayor con riesgo social. Semergen 2012; 38(3):137-144.	10(43,4)
Rol Físico (20)	07(35,0) ¹¹11. Colom Toldrá R, Guimarães Cordone R, De Almeida Arruda B, Fagundes Souto AC. Promoção da saúde e da qualidade de vida com idosos por meio de práticas corporais. O Mundo da Saúde 2014; 38(2):159-168.^,¹⁹19. Dehi M, Aghajari P, Shahshahani M, Takfallah L, Jahangiri L. The effect of stationary walking on the quality of life of the elderly women: a randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2014; 3(2):103-111.^,²⁴24. Émile M, Chalabaev A, Pradier C, Clément-Guillotin C, Falzon C, Colson S, d'Arripe-Longueville F. Effects of supervised and individualized weekly walking on exercise stereotypes and quality of life in older sedentary females. Science & Sports 2014; 29(3):156-163.^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.^,³⁷37. Bankar MA, Chaudhari SK, Chaudhari KD. Impact of long term Yoga practice on sleep quality and quality of life in the elderly. Integr Med 2013; 4(1):28-32.	02(10,0) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.^,¹⁷17. Seinfeld S, Figueroa H, Ortiz-Gil J, Sanchez-Vives MV. Effects o music learning and piano practice on cognitive function, mood and quality of life in older adults. Front Phsicol [serial on the internet]. 2013 Nov [Cited 2016 Dec 15]; 4: [about 13 p.]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3814522/pdf/fpsyg-04-00810.pdf https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...	03(15,0) ¹²12. López-Téllez A, Ruiz JR, Torres FM, Maldonado IF, Zaragoza IM, Torres PP. Efectividad de un programa de intervención socio-motriz en población mayor con riesgo social. Semergen 2012; 38(3):137-144.^,¹⁸18. Schmitt EM, Sands LP, Weiss S, Dowling G, Covinsky K. Adult day health center participation and health-related quality of life. Gerontologist 2010; 50(4):531-540.^,²⁵25. Kwon J, Yoshida Y, Yoshida H, Kim H, Suzuki T, Lee Y. Effects of a combined physical training and nutrition intervention on physical performance and health-related quality of life in prefrail older women living in the community: a randomized controlled trial. JAMDA [serial on the internet]2015 Feb 3 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 16(3):263: [about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659620 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2565...	12(60,0)
Función Física (20)	05(25,0) ²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,²⁹29. Krist L, Dimeo F, Keil T. Can progressive resistance training twice a week improve mobility, muscle strength, and quality of life in very elderly nursing-home residents with impaired mobility? A pilot study. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:443-448.^,³⁰30. Tuunainen E, Rasku J, Jäntti P, Moisio-Vilenius P, Mäkinen E, Toppila E, Pyykkö I. Postural stability and quality of life after guided and self-training among older adults residing in an institutional setting. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1237-1246.^,³²32. Kóvacs E, Prókai L, Mészáros L, Gondos T. Adapted physical activity is beneficial on balance, functional mobility, quality of life and fall of risk in community dwelling older woman. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2013; 49(3):301-310.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁵35. Cakar E, Dincer U, Kiralp MZ, Cakar DB, Durmus O, Kilac H, Soydan FC, Sevinc S, Alper C. Jumping combined exercise programs reduced fall risk and improve balance and quality of life of elderly people who lived in long-term care facility. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2010; 46(1):59-67.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.	01(5,0) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.	01(5,0) ¹⁴14. Mendoza-Ruvalcaba NM, Arias-Merino ED. “I am active”: effects of a program to promote active aging. Clin Interv Aging 2015; 10:829-837.	07(35,0)
Dolor Corporal (19)	04(21,0) ¹¹11. Colom Toldrá R, Guimarães Cordone R, De Almeida Arruda B, Fagundes Souto AC. Promoção da saúde e da qualidade de vida com idosos por meio de práticas corporais. O Mundo da Saúde 2014; 38(2):159-168.^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.	01(5,3) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.	02(10,5) ¹²12. López-Téllez A, Ruiz JR, Torres FM, Maldonado IF, Zaragoza IM, Torres PP. Efectividad de un programa de intervención socio-motriz en población mayor con riesgo social. Semergen 2012; 38(3):137-144.^,²⁵25. Kwon J, Yoshida Y, Yoshida H, Kim H, Suzuki T, Lee Y. Effects of a combined physical training and nutrition intervention on physical performance and health-related quality of life in prefrail older women living in the community: a randomized controlled trial. JAMDA [serial on the internet]2015 Feb 3 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 16(3):263: [about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659620 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2565...	07(36,8)
Rol Emocional (18)	04(22,2) ¹¹11. Colom Toldrá R, Guimarães Cordone R, De Almeida Arruda B, Fagundes Souto AC. Promoção da saúde e da qualidade de vida com idosos por meio de práticas corporais. O Mundo da Saúde 2014; 38(2):159-168.^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁵35. Cakar E, Dincer U, Kiralp MZ, Cakar DB, Durmus O, Kilac H, Soydan FC, Sevinc S, Alper C. Jumping combined exercise programs reduced fall risk and improve balance and quality of life of elderly people who lived in long-term care facility. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2010; 46(1):59-67.	02(11,1) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.^,²³23. Reig-Ferrer A, Ferrer-Cascales R, Santos-Ruiz A, Campos-Ferrer A, Prieto-Seva A, Velasco-Ruiz I, Fernandez-Pascual MD, Albaladejo-Blazquez N. A relaxation technique enhances psychological well-being and immune parameters in elderly people from a nursing home: A randomized controlled study. BMC Complement Altern Med [serial on the internet] 2014 Ago 23 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 14(31):[about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4153914/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/article...	03(16,7) ¹²12. López-Téllez A, Ruiz JR, Torres FM, Maldonado IF, Zaragoza IM, Torres PP. Efectividad de un programa de intervención socio-motriz en población mayor con riesgo social. Semergen 2012; 38(3):137-144.^,¹⁸18. Schmitt EM, Sands LP, Weiss S, Dowling G, Covinsky K. Adult day health center participation and health-related quality of life. Gerontologist 2010; 50(4):531-540.^,²⁵25. Kwon J, Yoshida Y, Yoshida H, Kim H, Suzuki T, Lee Y. Effects of a combined physical training and nutrition intervention on physical performance and health-related quality of life in prefrail older women living in the community: a randomized controlled trial. JAMDA [serial on the internet]2015 Feb 3 [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 16(3):263: [about 14 p]. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25659620 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2565...	09(50,0)
Vitalidad (16)	07(43,7) ²⁷27. Tamari K. Self-reported home exercise and younger age predict improved health-related quality of life among community-dwelling elderly participants in a three-month group exercise class. J Physiol Anthropol 2011; 30(2):77-85.^,²⁸28. Martinez M, Peccin da Silva MS, Lombardi Júnior I. The influence of the practice of physical activity on the quality of life muscle strength, balance, and physical ability in the elderly. Rev Bras Geriatr Gerontol 2013; 16(1):117-126.^,³⁰30. Tuunainen E, Rasku J, Jäntti P, Moisio-Vilenius P, Mäkinen E, Toppila E, Pyykkö I. Postural stability and quality of life after guided and self-training among older adults residing in an institutional setting. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1237-1246.^,³²32. Kóvacs E, Prókai L, Mészáros L, Gondos T. Adapted physical activity is beneficial on balance, functional mobility, quality of life and fall of risk in community dwelling older woman. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2013; 49(3):301-310.^,³³33. Campos L, Gonçalves R, De Almeida DA. Effects of pilates on muscle strength, postural balance and quality of life of older adults:a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27(3):871-876.^,³⁵35. Cakar E, Dincer U, Kiralp MZ, Cakar DB, Durmus O, Kilac H, Soydan FC, Sevinc S, Alper C. Jumping combined exercise programs reduced fall risk and improve balance and quality of life of elderly people who lived in long-term care facility. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2010; 46(1):59-67.^,³⁶36. Aokia K, Sakumab M, Ogishoc N, Nakamurad K, Chosae E, Endo N. The effects of self-directed home exercise with serial telephone contacts on physical functions and quality of life in elderly people at high risk of locomotor dysfunction. Acta Med 2015; 69(4):245-253.	02(12,6) ¹³13. Mazloomymahmoodabad S, Masoudy G, Fallahzadeh H, Jalili Z. Education based on precede-proceed on quality of life in elderly. Glob J Health Sci 2014; 6(6):178-184.^,²²22. Skropeta CM, Colvin A, Sladen S. An evaluative study of the benefits of participating in intergenerational playgroups in aged care for older people. BMC Geriatr [serial on the internet]. 2014 Oct [cited 2016 Dec 15]; 14(109):[about 11 p]. Available from: http://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1471-2318-14-109 http://bmcgeriatr.biomedcentral.com/arti...	-	09(56,2)
Autocuidado (05)	03(60,0) ¹⁹19. Dehi M, Aghajari P, Shahshahani M, Takfallah L, Jahangiri L. The effect of stationary walking on the quality of life of the elderly women: a randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2014; 3(2):103-111.^,³⁰30. Tuunainen E, Rasku J, Jäntti P, Moisio-Vilenius P, Mäkinen E, Toppila E, Pyykkö I. Postural stability and quality of life after guided and self-training among older adults residing in an institutional setting. Clin Interv Aging 2013; 8:1237-1246.^,³⁷37. Bankar MA, Chaudhari SK, Chaudhari KD. Impact of long term Yoga practice on sleep quality and quality of life in the elderly. Integr Med 2013; 4(1):28-32.	-	-	03(60,0)
Satisfacción con la vida(03)	01(33,3) ¹⁹19. Dehi M, Aghajari P, Shahshahani M, Takfallah L, Jahangiri L. The effect of stationary walking on the quality of life of the elderly women: a randomized controlled trial. J Caring Sci 2014; 3(2):103-111.	-	01(33,3) ²⁶26. Bugallo Carrera C, Gandoy Crego M, Gomez Cantorna C. La calidad de vida de los sujetos usuarios de un centro social de personas mayores. Gerokomos 2014; 25(3):103-106.	02(66,6)

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[1] Colaboradores

A Gómez-Morales y JMA Miranda participaron de la búsqueda y selección de los artículos revisados. A Gómez-Morales, JMA Miranda, AM Pergola-Marconato y GV Torres participaron de la concepción del trabajo. A Gómez-Morales, AM Pergola-Marconato y TC Mansano-Schlosser participaron de la elaboración del artículo. GV Torres y FRP Mendes realizaron la revisión crítica del artículo. Todos los autores aprobaron la versión final del artículo.