Anthropometric indicators associated with dementia in the elderly from Florianópolis – SC, Brazil: EpiFloripa Ageing Study

Confortin, Susana Cararo; Meneghini, Vandrize; Ono, Lariane Mortean; Garcia, Karyne Claudete; Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola; d’Orsi, Eleonora; Barbosa, Aline Rodrigues

doi:10.1590/1413-81232018246.20492017

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FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde colet. 24 (6) • June 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232018246.20492017 copy

Anthropometric indicators associated with dementia in the elderly from Florianópolis – SC, Brazil: EpiFloripa Ageing Study

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the association between dementia and anthropometric indicators in the elderly from Florianópolis.

Method

This is a cross-sectional population-based survey performed with 1,197 elderly (≥ 60 years) in 2013/2014. Dementia was deﬁned as the combined evidence of low MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) score and moderate/severe disability in the activities of daily living. The independent variables were body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), conicity index and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Logistic regression (crude and adjusted) was performed to identify associated factors.

Results

Dementia prevalence was estimated at 15.1%. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle and depressive symptoms, dementia was positively associated with the upper tertiles of the BMI (OR: 2.32; CI95%: 1.26-4.25), WC (OR: 2.22; CI95%: 1.20-4.11) and WHtR (OR: 2.30; CI95%: 1.19-4.43).

Conclusion

Results have shown that both obesity and abdominal fat were associated with the outcome, suggesting that BMI, WC and WHtR should be considered in the investigation of this relationship.

Keywords
Anthropometry; Body mass index; Abdominal fat; Cognitive disorders

Variables	n	% (95% CI)
Sex (n = 1,197)
Male	419	36.9 (33.6-40.3)
Female	778	63.1 (59.7-66.4)
Age group (n = 1,197)
60-69 years	412	33.9 (30.3-37.8)
70-79 years	509	42.8 (38.9-46.8)
80 years and older	276	23.3 (21.0-25.7)
Household income in minimum wages* (n = 1,141)
Below or equal to 1	92	6.9 (5.2-9.2)
Over 1 MW and less than or equal to 3 MW	327	28.6 (25.1-32.4)
Over 3 MW and less than or equal to 5 MW	227	19.4 (16.4-22.7)
Over 5 MW and less than or equal to 10 MW	274	23.9 (20.5-22.7)
Over 10 MW	221	21.2 (16.6-26.6)
Tobacco use (n = 1,196)
Never smoked	731	59.7 (56.1-63.1)
Former smoker	382	33.2 (30.0-36.6)
Current smoker	83	7.1 (5.3-9.6)
Alcohol intake (n = 1,196)
Non-consumption	751	62.2 (57.8-66.4)
Non abusive consumption	268	22.1 (18.9-25.8)
Abusive consumption	177	15.6 (13.0-18.8)
Leisure Physical Activity (n = 1,192)
Insufficiently active	879	73.0 (68.6-77.1)
Physically active	313	27.0 (22.9-31.4)
Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)‡ (n = 1,130)
Normal	907	81.0 (77.5-84.0)
Suspected depression	223	19.0 (16.0-22.5)
Cognitive impairment† (n = 1,182)
No cognitive impairment	876	75.3 (71.1-79.0)
Probable cognitive impairment	306	24.7 (21.0-28.9)
ADL disability (n = 1,193)
No	821	69.8 (66.36-73.02)
Yes	372	30.2 (26.98-33.64)
Dementia (n = 1,178)
No	999	84.9 (82.0-87.4)
Yes	179	15.1 (12.6-18.0)

Variables	n	Mean (95% CI)	[Min-Max]	Lower tertile	Medium tertile	Upper tertile
Body Mass Index (Kg/m²)	1,148	28.22 (27.78-28.65)	[15.38-54.19]	< 25.72	25.72-29.51	≥ 29.53
Waist circumference (cm)	1,160	95.56 (94.58-96.53)	[50.00-143.10]	≤ 89.00	89.10-99.95	≥ 100.00
Waist-to-Height ratio	1,150	0.61 (0.60-0.61)	[0.36-0.93]	< 0.57	0.57-0.63	> 0.63
Conicity Index	1,147	1.32 (1.31-1.33)	[0.91-1.70]	< 1.28	1.28-1.36	> 1.36

	Crude OR (95% CI)	p	Adjusted OR* (95% CI)	p
Body Mass Index (Kg/m²)		0.171		0.007
Lower tertile	1.00		1.00
Medium tertile	0.68 (0.41-1.13)		1.16 (0.62-2.17)
Upper tertile	1.37 (0.86-2.18)		2.32 (1.26-4.25)
Waist circumference (cm)		0.398		0.009
Lower tertile	1.00		1.00
Medium tertile	0.75 (0.45-1.23)		1.25 (0.62-2.53)
Upper tertile	1.18 (0.79-1.76)		2.22 (1.20-4.11)
Waist-to-Height ratio		< 0.001		0.007
Lower tertile	1.00		1.00
Medium tertile	0.89 (0.50-1.57)		1.03 (0.46-2.32)
Upper tertile	2.32 (1.44-3.74)		2.30 (1.19-4.43)
Conicity Index		0.006		0.054
Lower tertile	1.00		1.00
Medium tertile	1.34 (0.80-2.24)		1.37 (0.71-2.64)
Upper tertile	1.82 (1.18-2.80)		1.92 (0.98-3.74)

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E-mail: cienciasaudecoletiva@fiocruz.br

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[1] Collaborations

SC Confortin contributed substantially to the design, planning, analysis, interpretation of the data, drafting of the draft, critical review of the work and approval of the final version of the work. V Meneghini contributed to the conception, planning, analysis, interpretation of the data, preparation of the draft, critical revision of the work and approval of the final version of the work. LM Ono contributed to the design, analysis and interpretation of data, critical review of content and final approval of the work. KC Garcia contributed to the design, planning, analysis and interpretation of data, critical review of content and final approval of the work. IJC Schneider has contributed substantially to the design, planning, analysis, interpretation of data, drafting of the draft, critical review of the work and approval of the final version of the work. E d’Orsi contributed to the design, planning and interpretation of data, critical review of content and final approval of the work. AR Barbosa contributed to the design, planning, analysis and interpretation of data, critical review of content and final approval of the work.