Attitudes and practices of professionals who working in the Family Health Strategy regarding the approach to drug users in the municipality of Campina Grande. Paraíba. Brazil

Farias, Lunna; Bernardino, Ítalo de Macedo; Madruga, Renata Cardoso Rocha; d’Avila, Sérgio; Lucas, Rilva Suely de Castro Cardoso

doi:10.1590/1413-812320182410.16772017

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FREE THEMES • Ciênc. saúde coletiva 24 (10) • Oct 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320182410.16772017 copy

Attitudes and practices of professionals who working in the Family Health Strategy regarding the approach to drug users in the municipality of Campina Grande. Paraíba. Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the attitudes and practices of professionals of the Family Health Strategy regarding the approach to drug users in the municipality of Campina Grande. Paraíba. The cross-sectional and exploratory study carried out with 126 doctors. nurses and dentists of Primary Health Care (PHC). Variables investigated were related to sociodemographic data. professional profile. attitudes and practices about the approach to drug users according to the Integrated Plan to Confront Crack and Other Drugs. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were performed through Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA). Most professionals were female (88.9%) and reported questioning only sometimes about the use of drugs during the anamnesis (53.2%). Based on MCA results. variables with the greatest discriminatory power for dimension 1 were: training time (0.776). working time in the PHC (0.688). age group (0.656); while for dimension 2 were: professional category (0.383) and knowledge of drug users in their coverage area (0.166). There are important differences in attitudes and practices about the approach of drug users among professionals.

Key words
Drugs; Primary health care; Public health; Human resources

Variables	n	%
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age range
≤ 25 years	5	4.0
26-35 years	41	32.5
36-45 years	41	32.5
46-55 years	27	21.4
56-65 years	12	9.5
Sex
Female	112	88.9
Male	14	11.1
Marital status
Single	34	27.0
Separated or widower	20	15.9
Married or common-law marriage	72	57.1
Characteristics related to professional performance
Professional category
Dentist	29	23.0
Nurse	54	42.9
Doctor	43	34.1
Overall working time in the Family Health Strategy
< 1 year	10	7.9
1-5 years	30	23.8
6-10 years	28	22.2
> 10 years	58	46.0
Formation time
1-10 years	46	36.5
11-20 years	41	32.5
> 20 years	39	31.0
Workplace
Health district 1	33	26.2
Health district 2	25	19.8
Health district 3	19	15.1
Health district 4	25	19.8
Health district 5	11	8.7
Health district 6	13	10.3
Attitudes and practices about addressing drug users
Do you know drug users in your own area of coverage?
All	4	3.2
Some	109	86.5
None	13	10.3
In the anamnesis. do you ask a question about the use of drugs?
Always	50	39.7
Sometimes	67	53.2
Never	9	7.1
In cases of urgency. would you know how to clinically address the situation?
Yes	79	62.7
No	47	37.3
In cases of urgency. would you know how and where to refer care?
Yes	98	77.8
No	28	22.2
Total	126	100.0

Variables*	DM		CC
	Dimension		Dimension
	1	2	1	2
Age range	0.656	0.651
≤ 25 years			-1.855	-2.521
26-35 years			-0.937	0.381
36-45 years			0.488	0.655
46-55 years			0.700	-0.558
56-65 years			0.732	-1.234
Sex	0.075	0.003
Female			0.097	0.020
Male			-0.777	-0.162
Marital status	0.252	0.033
Single			-0.826	-0.298
Separated or widower			0.294	0.111
Married or common-law marriage			0.308	0.110
Professional category	0.194	0.383
Dentist			0.631	-0.705
Nurse			0.090	0.703
Doctor			-0.539	-0.407
Overall working time in the Family Health Strategy	0.688	0.294
< 1 year			-1.614	-1.677
1-5 years			-0.974	0.263
6-10 years			0.083	0.482
> 10 years			0.742	-0.080
Formation time	0.776	0.277
1-10 years			-1.161	0.181
11-20 years			0.630	0.517
> 20 years			0.707	-0.758
Workplace	0.139	0.102
Health district 1			0.122	-0.143
Health district 2			-0.013	-0.280
Health district 3			-0.504	0.488
Health district 4			0.411	-0.194
Health district 5			-0.777	0.657
Health district 6			0.319	0.005
Do you know drug users in your own area of coverage?	0.014	0.166
All			-0.254	0.061
Some			0.047	0.141
None			-0.318	-1.200
In the anamnesis. do you ask a question about the use of drugs?	0.046	0.074
Always			-0.154	0.037
Sometimes			0.019	0.104
Never			0.712	-0.977
In cases of urgency. would you know how to clinically address the situation?	0.271	0.009
Yes			-0.401	-0.074
No			0.675	0.124
In cases of urgency. would you know how and where to refer care?	0.069	0.037
Yes			-0.140	0.103
No			0.491	-0.362

Group	Characteristics
G1	- Male. single doctors; - Aged 26-35 years. with shorter formation time (1-10 years) and 1-5 years length of service in the ESF. stationed in Health Districts 3 and 5; - Reported knowing all crack. alcohol and other drugs users in their coverage area. and always asking a question about drug use during anamnesis; - Responded that they would know how to clinically address situations of urgency and how and where to refer care.
G2	- Female nurses that were either married/in common-law marriage or separated/widowed; - Aged 36-45 years. with intermediate formation time (11-20 years). and 6 years and over length of service in the ESF. stationed in Health Districts 1. 4 and 6; - Reported knowing only some of the crack. alcohol and other drugs users in their coverage area. and only sometimes asking a question about drug use during anamnesis; - Responded that they would not know how to clinically address situations of urgency.
G3	- Dentists aged 46 years and over. with higher formation time (> 20 years); - Reported never asking a question about drug use during anamnesis and that they would not know how and where to refer care.

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[1] Collaborations

L Farias and IM Bernardino participated in the acquisition and interpretation of data. writing and critical revision of the manuscript. RCR Madruga. S d’Avila and RSCC Lucas supervised the study. participating in the conception and design of the method and critical review of the manuscript for final approval.