Prescribed medication use among elementary teachers: Prevalence and associated factors

Coledam, Diogo Henrique Constantino; Silva, Yara Machado da

doi:10.1590/1413-812320202512.20912018

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

FREE THEMES • Ciênc. Saúde Colet. 25 (12) • Dec 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-812320202512.20912018 copy

Prescribed medication use among elementary teachers: Prevalence and associated factors

Uso de medicamento prescrito em professores do ensino fundamental: Prevalência e fatores associados

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aims of the study were to assess the prevalence and analyze the associated factors of medication use among teachers. A cross-sectional study was carried out, involving 530 teachers from Londrina city, Paraná, Brazil. The dependent variable was prescribed medication use and the independent variables were sociodemographic, work-related, lifestyle, health disorders, and chronic diseases, all assessed through questionnaires. Prevalence of medication use was 59.1%. Chronic disease was associated with all medications analyzed. Variables positively associated with medication use according to health disorder type were: Cardiometabolic (Length of employment, overweight, not current tobacco use, and TV viewing); Psychological (Length of employment, common mental disorders, current tobacco use, and disability); Orthopedic (Length of employment, health insurance, overweight, musculoskeletal pain, low job support, and disability); Respiratory (TV viewing and problems related to dust or chalk powder); and Gastrointestinal (common mental disorders and physical activity [negative association]). Support for access, the appropriate use of medicines, and a reduction in medication use should consider work-related, lifestyle, and health disorders, as well as chronic diseases.

Key words:
Pharmaceutical Preparations; Healthy Lifestyle; Work

Variables	All (%)	Medication use
Variables	All (%)	No (%)	Yes (%)
All	-	40.9	59.1
Gender		P=0.241
Male	4.7	52.0	48.0
Female	95.3	40.2	59.8
Age		P<0.001
<40 years	47.7	49.0	51.0
≥40 years	52.3	33.2	66.8
Length of employment		P<0.001
<9 years	26.6	54.6	45.4
10 to 19 years	32.8	41.4	58.6
>20 years	40.6	31.2	68.8
Health insurance		P=0.799
No	17.5	41.9	58.1
Yes	82.5	40.5	59.5
Socioeconomic status		P=0.022
Low	15.8	50.0	50.0
Medium	43.6	42.0	58.0
High	40.6	35.8	64.2
School infrastructure		P=0.082
Adequate	21.5	42.7	57.3
Not adequate	78.5	33.6	66.4
Overweight		P<0.001
No	56.4	50.8	49.2
Yes	43.6	27.7	72.3
Common mental disorders		P<0.001
No	69,1	47.0	53.0
Yes	30.9	26.8	73.2
Physical activity		P=0.028
No	77.9	38.3	61.7
Yes	22.1	49.6	50.4
Musculoskeletal pain		P<0.001
No	16.6	54.5	45.5
One region	17.9	51.6	48.4
Two regions	26.2	41.0	59.0
≥Three regions	39.2	29.8	70.2
Alcohol consumption		P=0.687
No	68.1	40.2	59.8
Yes	31.9	42.0	58.0
Tobacco use		P=0.014
Never	87.0	43.2	56.8
Not current smoker	9.6	25.5	74.5
Current smoker	3.4	22.2	77.8
TV viewing		P=0.104
<2h/day	57.4	43.8	56.3
≥2h/day	42.6	36.7	63.3
Computer use		P=0.380
<2h/day	57.0	42.4	57.6
≥2h/day	43.0	38.6	61.4
Voice disorders		P<0.001
No	65.1	46.4	53.6
Yes	34.9	30.3	69.7
Problems related to dust or chalk powder		P=0.002
No	27.9	51.4	48.6
One	33.2	41.5	58.5
≥Two	38.9	32.5	67.5
High stress		P=0.092
No	71.1	38.5	61.5
Yes	28.9	46.4	53.6
Low job support		P=0.047
No	59.2	44.3	55.7
Yes	40.8	35.6	64.4
Disability due to musculoskeletal disorders		P<0.001
No	64.2	47.9	52.1
Yes	35.8	27.9	72.1
Chronic disease		P<0.001
None	21.9	81.9	18.1
One	24.0	57.5	42.5
Two	21.1	28.6	71.4
≥Three	33.0	9.1	90.9

Variables	Cardiometabolic	Psychological	Orthopedic	Respiratory	Gastrointestinal	Clustering
Variables	%	%	%	%	%	%
All	19.6	27.7	15.7	10.2	18.5	18.1
Gender	P=0.584	P=0.020	P=0.982	P=0.278	P=0.157	P=0.053
Male	15.4	7.7	15.4	3.8	7.7	3.8
Female	19.8	28.6	15.6	10.4	18.7	18.8
Age	P<0.001	P<0.001	P=0.002	P=0.395	P=0.778	P<0.001
< 40 years	11.2	20.9	10.5	11.2	17.8	10.9
≥ 40 years	27.3	33.8	20.3	9.0	18.8	24.8
Length of employment	P<0.001	P=0.001	P<0.001	P=0.303	P=0.090	P=<0.001
< 9 years	6.8	17.8	4.1	10.3	15.1	4.8
10 to 19 years	19.4	26.3	14.4	12.6	15.5	16.6
> 20 years	28.4	35.3	24.3	7.9	22.8	28.4
Health insurance	P=0.218	P=0.039	P=0.006	P=0.334	P=0.311	P=0.037
No	14.7	18.9	6.3	12.6	14.7	10.5
Yes	20.5	29.4	17.6	9.4	19.2	19.6
Socioeconomic status	P=0.511	P=0.141	P=0.642	P=0.120	P=0.620	P=0.831
Low	17.9	20.2	11.9	15.5	20.2	20.2
Medium	18.1	27.4	14.6	9.7	16.4	17.3
High	22.2	31.6	16.2	7.6	19.4	17.9
School infrastructure	P=0.074	P=0.045	P=0.101	P=0.355	P=0.385	P=0.008
Adequate	17.9	25.6	13.9	9.4	17.5	15.6
Not adequate	25.4	35.1	20.2	12.3	21.1	26.3
Overweight	P<0.001	P=0.246	P<0.001	P=0.672	P=0.233	P=0.037
No	9.7	25.8	10.4	9.7	16.7	15.1
Yes	32.5	30.3	22.5	10.8	20.8	22.1
Common mental disorders	P=0.184	P<0.001	P=0.004	P=0.108	P<0.001	P<0.001
No	18.1	21.1	12.6	8.8	12.1	10.4
Yes	23.0	42.4	22.4	13.3	32.7	35.2
Physical activity	P=0.060	P=0.596	P=0.889	P=0.297	P=0.004	P=0.520
No	21.4	27.2	15.6	10.9	21.1	18.7
Yes	13.6	29.7	16.1	7.6	9.3	16.1
Musculoskeletal pain	P=0.220	P=0.057	P=<0.001	P=0.103	P<0.001	P=0.001
No	21.6	17.0	4.5	3.4	9.1	10.2
One region	7.2	25.8	7.2	9.3	12.4	7.2
Two regions	23.9	29.0	13.0	13.0	15.2	22.5
≥ Three regions	21.7	32.4	26.2	11.6	27.5	23.7
Alcohol consumption	P=0.287	P=0.287	P=0.620	P=0.767	P=0.210	P=0.888
No	21.3	29.2	15.5	9.6	20.8	18.4
Yes	17.3	24.7	17.3	10.5	16.0	17.9
Tobacco use	P=0.016	P=0.011	P=0.974	P=0.231	P=0.205	P=0.067
Never	17.7	25.8	15.4	10.7	18.6	16.6
Not current smoker	34.7	34.7	16.3	4.1	14.3	28.6
Current smoker	22.2	55.6	16.7	16.7	33.3	27.8
TV viewing	P=0.006	P=0.759	P=0.374	P=0.008	P=0.035	P=0.286
< 2h/day	15.6	27.5	14.6	7.3	15.2	16.6
≥ 2h/day	25.1	28.7	17.5	14.3	22.4	20.2
Computer use	P=0.340	P=0.718	P=0.407	P=0.092	P=0.010	P=0.077
< 2h/day	18.3	27.3	14.7	8.3	14.7	15.7
≥ 2h/day	21.7	28.8	17.3	12.8	23.5	21.7
Voice disorders	P=0.272	P=0.087	P=0.106	P=0.016	P=0.016	P=0.026
No	18.2	24.9	13.2	7.9	15.2	15.0
Yes	22.2	31.9	18.5	14.6	23.8	22.7
Problems related to dust or chalk powder	P=0.169	P=0.064	P=0.035	P<0.001	P=0.055	P=0.003
No	16.1	23.5	10.1	2.0	12.1	10.7
One	18.0	24.7	15.3	6.7	20.2	16.9
≥ Two	23.6	33.5	20.2	19.2	21.7	24.6
High stress	P=0.967	P=0.643	P=0.476	P=0.081	P=0.131	P=0.258
No	19.6	28.3	16.4	11.6	20.1	19.3
Yes	19.7	26.3	13.9	6.6	14.5	15.1
Low job support	P=0.537	P=0.008	P=0.002	P=0.023	P=0.128	P=0.001
No	20.5	23.4	11.6	7.7	16.3	13.5
Yes	18.3	33.9	21.6	13.8	21.6	24.8
Disability due to musculoskeletal disorders	P=0.089	P<0.001	P<0.001	P=0.092	P=0.022	P<0.001
No	17.3	21.1	5.4	8.6	15.8	11.0
Yes	23.4	38.3	34.0	13.3	23.9	30.3
Chronic disease	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001	P<0.001
None	2.6	5.2	2.6	0.9	4.3	0.9
One	13.0	10.7	9.9	6.1	6.9	2.3
Two	15.3	28.8	12.6	9.0	18.0	7.2
≥ Three	38.7	54.9	30.8	20.2	37.0	48.6

Variables	Cardiometabolic	Psychological	Orthopedic	Respiratory	Gastrointestinal	Clustering
Variables	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)
Gender
Male	-	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Female	-	3.85 (0.88-16.90)	-	-	2.48 (0.57-10.78)	3.70 (0.47-28.66)
Age
<40 years	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
≥40 years	1.72 (0.94-3.13)	1.32 (0.77-2.25)	0.93 (0.48-1.82)	-	-	1.33 (0.70-2.53)
Length of employment
<9 years	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
10 to 19 years	3.28 (1.49-7.19)	1.47 (0.83-2.57)	3.69 (1.44-9.42)	-	1.00 (0.54-1.86)	3.34 (1.39-8.03)
>20 years	3.65 (1.56-8.52)	1.81 (1.06-3.09)	6.37 (2.31-17.52)	-	1.44 (0.82-2.55)	5.00 (1.94-12.84)
Health insurance	-
No	-	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	-	1.42 (0.78-2.56)	2.42 (1.02-5.97)	-	-	1.42 (0.68-2.95)
Socioeconomic status
Low	-	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Medium	-	1.37 (0.72-2.61)	-	0.60 (0.28-1.25)	-	-
High	-	1.69 (0.88-3.25)	-	0.45 (0.20-1.01)	-	-
School infrastructure
Adequate	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Not adequate	1.49 (0.89-2.49)	1.56 (0.97-2.50)	1.44 (0.82-2.54)	-	-	1.76 (1.03-2.98)

Variables	Cardiometabolic	Psychological	Orthopedic	Respiratory	Gastrointestinal	Clustering
Variables	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)
Overweight
No	Reference	-	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	3.59 (2.15-5.99)	-	2.09 (1.21-3.60)	-	-	1.21 (0.71-2.07)
Common mental disorders
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	1.01 (0.59-1.74)	2.57 (1.61-4.09)	1.16 (0.65-2.06)	0.86 (0.45-1.64)	2.47 (1.48-4.13)	3.93 (2.22-6.93)
Physical activity
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	0.83 (0.43-1.60)	-	-	-	0.42 (0.20-0.88)	-
Musculoskeletal pain
No	-	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
One region	-	1.24 (0.56-2.74)	1.39 (0.37-5.20)	2.08 (0.51-8.42)	1.03 (0.36-2.89)	0.34 (0.10-1.11)
Two regions	-	1.27 (0.61-2.66)	2.06 (0.63-6.73)	2.70 (0.72-10.07)	1.32 (0.51-3.45)	1.23 (0.48-3.12)
≥Three regions	-	1.44 (0.71-2.92)	5.03 (1.64-15.39)	2.00 (0.54-7.32)	2.22 (0.90-5.47)	1.18 (0.48-2.91)
Alcohol consumption
No	-	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	-	-	-	-	-	-
Tobacco use
Never	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Not current smoker	2.16 (1.03-4.54)	1.16 (0.57-2.38)	-	-	-	1.87 (0.81-4.27)
Current smoker	1.05 (0.31-3.53)	3.81 (1.32-10,96)	-	-	-	1.16 (0.33-4.11)
TV viewing
<2h/day	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
≥2h/day	1.81 (1.11-2.96)	-	-	2.06 (1.11-3.83)	1.60 (0.97-2.61)	-
Computer use
<2h/day	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
≥2h/day	-	-	-	1.32 (0.71-2.44)	1.60 (0.98-2.61)	1.71 (0.99-2.91)
Voice disorders
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	-	1.14 (0.71-1.82)	1.06 (0.60-1.87)	1.36 (0.74-2.50)	1.42 (0.85-2.37)	1.15 (0.65-2.02)
Problems related to dust or chalk powder
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
One	1.05 (0.54-2.04)	0.79 (0.44-1.42)	1.51 (0.68-3.34)	2.97 (0.80-10.98)	1.38 (0.68-2.79)	1.29 (0.60-2.81)
≥Two	1.51 (0.79-2.86)	0.96 (0.54-1.71)	1.81 (0.82-3.97)	8.26 (2.40-28.41)	1.02 (0.57-1.82)	1.33 (0.61-2.87)
High stress
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	-	-	-	0.68 (0.31-1.47)	1.02 (0.57-1.82)	-
Low job support
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	-	1.30 (0.84-2.04)	1.89 (1.08-3.32)	1.50 (0.80-2.80)	1.32 (0.80-2.18)	1.72 (1.03-2.99)

Variables	Cardiometabolic	Psychological	Orthopedic	Respiratory	Gastrointestinal	Clustering
Variables	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)	OR (95%CI)
Disability due to musculoskeletal disorders
No	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
Yes	1.02 (0.59-1.77)	1.67 (1.01-2.78)	7.64 (3.97-14.68)	1.07 (0.55-2.07)	1.24 (0.72-2.14)	2.28 (1.17-4.43)
Chronic disease
None	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
One	5.46 (1.49-20.05)	1.93 (0.69-5.35)	7.39 (1.45-37.67)	7.98 (0.95-66.59)	1.52 (0.48-4.82)	2.31 (0.22-23.54)
Two	4.12 (1.12-15.11)	5.45 (2.09-14.21)	5.46 (1.09-27.26)	9.86 (1.21-80.33)	3.79 (1.32-10.89)	4.15 (0.49-35.28)
≥Three	19.16 (5.52-66.41)	16.47 (6.37-42.54)	14.07 (2.97-66.75)	25.41 (3.29-195.86)	8.18 (2.96-22.58)	66.60 (8.52-520.57)

ABRASCO - Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva Av. Brasil, 4036 - sala 700 Manguinhos, 21040-361 Rio de Janeiro RJ - Brazil, Tel.: +55 21 3882-9153 / 3882-9151 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ - Brazil
E-mail: cienciasaudecoletiva@fiocruz.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Collaborations

DHC Coledam participated in the conception and design of the study, acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, drafting the article and approve the final version to be submitted. YM Silva participated in the acquisition of data, analysis and interpretation of data, revised it critically and approved the final version of the manuscript.