Abstract

ARAUJO-FILHO, João Alves de et al. Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a case report and literature review. Braz J Infect Dis [online]. 2008, vol.12, n.5, pp. 447-452. ISSN 1413-8670.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-86702008000500019.

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is an emerging health problem that threatens tuberculosis (TB) control worldwide, since suitable treatment for this disease has not yet been found. We report a case of secondary pulmonary XDR-TB in a 54-year-old, HIV-negative male from Goiânia, Brazil. The patient had long-standing pulmonary tuberculosis (nine years) with extensive bilateral lung damage and had been treated with multiple antituberculosis drugs (self-administered) before XDR-TB diagnosis. The strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was resistant to R- rifampicin, H-isoniazid, E-ethambutol, Eto-ethionamide, Ofx-ofloxacin, and Am-amikacin. This patient died with multiple organ failure due to sepsis secondary to bacterial pneumonia.

Keywords : Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis; XDR-TB; tuberculosis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis.