This study aimed to discuss the use of the variable of race/color as a determining factor for social inequalities and social exposure to the risk of illness and death. This was a reflection on the present production of national and international literature within the field of Public Health and Epidemiology. Forty-seven original articles and reviews produced between 1990 and 2005 were included in this study. It was observed that international studies have sought to debate and find a basis for using the variable of race/color within the healthcare field. In Brazil, the use of this variable is still at an initial stage, but among the few investigations undertaken, differentials have been shown and further production of research along these lines has been encouraged. Investigations on the role of race/color in producing health differentials may produce information capable of contributing towards drawing up policies aimed at reducing healthcare inequalities.
Social inequity; Health; Race; Public Health