Communication of nursing students in listening to patients in a psychiatric hospital

Azevedo, Albert Lengruber de; Araújo, Sílvia Teresa Carvalho de; Pessoa Júnior, João Mário; Silva, Jaqueline da; Santos, Bruna Tavares Uchoa dos; Bastos, Soraia do Socorro Furtado

doi:10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2016-0325

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna Nery 21 (3) • 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2016-0325 copy

Communication of nursing students in listening to patients in a psychiatric hospital

Comunicación del estudiante de enfermería en la escucha de pacientes en hospital psiquiátrico

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Qualitative exploratory and descriptive study with the aim of analyzing the communication of nursing students in the listening to patients in mental suffering admitted in a psychiatric hospital. The study was carried out from April to May 2013, with 23 nursing students regularly enrolled in a public higher education institution in the Southeast of Brazil. The data were collected based on artistic production and interviews, analyzed and categorized according to their thematic content. Proxemic nonverbal communication was unanimously indicated by the students based on personal-body position of face, neck, and, shoulders adopted in the listening to patients in mental suffering. The conscious use of proxemics favored clinical reasoning, improving interaction and listening in speech and thought disorders. Attentive, effective, and affective listening demands availability, control of fear, tension, anxiety, and insecurity.

Keywords:
Nursing Education; Communication; Nursing Students; Mental Health; Nursing Care

Communication of nursing students in the listening to patients in mental suffering
Listening as a means for understanding the meanings of verbal communication	I drew two people. (...) in the case of listening! Not only with nurses, but also with professionals. (E.14)
Listening as a communication channel	I think that through listening, patients will tell you everything they are feeling. Sometimes a moan of pain, a smile, any sound (...) anything they reproduce to you, everything will have a meaning. (E.11) When you are listening to what they are saying, you are giving attention. (...) sometimes you end up intervening, saying something that makes sense, (...) you are only looking at them, but you are there. That is why it is good to know how to listen. (E.13)
Listening as an act of being available	When you are listening to what they are saying, you are giving attention. (...) sometimes you end up intervening, saying something that makes sense, (...) you are only looking at them, but you are there. That is why it is good to know how to listen. (E.13)
Listening as proxemics	My intention was to try to listen to patients. Anguishes (...) worries, to be able to see what you can do for them. Because it is very easy to leave patients there, silent, excluded, crestfallen. Now, it is completely different if you go there to talk to them, check what is happening, and see what is going on in their minds. (E.17)
Listening beyond listening to words	The difficulty they present. (...) Looking at them, we can see it very clearly. (E.11) When I look at patients, I feel them fragile, very fragile indeed. (E.13)
Listening as observation of actions and behaviors	Through listening, you can sense the structure of the thought, through language. I have even tried echolalia, perseverance, among other things that can be denied by vision. (...) I thought about the issue of the order of thought. (E.10)
Listening as an attitude of solidarity	When communication is effective, meaning when family is present, when they talk about things that are happening outside, (...) about their anguishes, the patients’ condition always improved. (E.10) Active listening and watchful eye are the best tools to provide special care. It is wonderful! It makes care more effective! (...) moreover, I drew an ear here to show that we must listen to patients, to show the importance of listening to patients. (E.15)
Listening as support	Listening is one of the main things, even if it is delirium, hallucination. Because by listening, you can take measures, no matter how tired you are, after an exhaustive shift, listening would be the key (E.14) (...) Listening is something that we learn during the course, but sometimes it seems to be forgotten, especially with psychiatric patients. (E.14)

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[1] Corresponding Author: Albert Lengruber de Azevedo. E-mail: albertenfermagem@yahoo.com.br