Self-confidence for the initial management of health issues in schools: construction and validation of a visual analogue scale

Zonta, Jaqueline Brosso; Eduardo, Aline Helena Appoloni; Okido, Aline Cristiane Cavicchioli

doi:10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2018-0105

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna Nery 22 (4) • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2018-0105 copy

Self-confidence for the initial management of health issues in schools: construction and validation of a visual analogue scale

Autoconfianza para gestionar complicaciones sanitarias en la escuela: construcción y validación de escala visual analógica

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To describe the construction and validation of a visual analogue scale of teachers' self-confidence with regard to the initial management of health issues in schools.

Method:

A methodological study was developed based on theoretical (items' construction and content validation), empirical (semantic analysis and pilot test), and analytical procedures (internal consistency analysis). The project was approved by a research ethics committee.

Results:

The scale consisted of 12 items regarding the main health issues in schools, presented content validity index of 100% in the second round, was understood by the target audience, and presented high internal consistency among items (Cronbach's alpha of 0.89).

Conclusion and implications for practice:

An easy-to-use tool that proved to be relevant to meet the dimension of teachers' self-confidence in the initial management of health issues in schools. The scale may contribute to the planning of systematized and effective educational strategies among teachers.

Keywords:
School Health; Nursing; First Aid; Validation Studies; Visual Analog Scale

CVI – Item^* * Content validity index per item;	Organization	Clarity	Comprehensiveness	Relevance
1. I feel confident to evaluate and ensure safety of the place in the face of a clinical or traumatic issues in the school.	0.83	0.50	0.83	1.00
2. I feel confident to evaluate and recognize the need to call 192 for help.	0.92	0.75	0.83	1.00
3. I feel confident to evaluate and provide first aid to a child undergoing a convulsive crisis.	0.92	0.75	0.83	0.92
4. I feel confident to evaluate and provide first aid to a child who suffered a fall.	0.92	0.92	0.92	0.83
5. I feel confident to evaluate and provide first aid to a child who suffered a deep injury with bleeding.	0.92	0.67	0.83	0.92
6. I feel confident to evaluate and provide first aid to a child found unconscious and who is not breathing.	0.92	0.83	0.92	1.00
7. I feel confident to evaluate and provide first aid to a child who is choking.	0.83	0.83	0.83	0.92
8. I feel confident to evaluate and provide first aid to a febrile child.	0.92	0.67	0.92	1.00
Total CVI^ Content validity index of the scale.	0.86

Scale’s items	Mean score	SD	Min.	Max.	Median
Item 1: I feel confident to evaluate safety of the place in the face of a child presenting a health issue, whether due to an illness or accident.	3.43	2.68	0.00	10.00	2.70
Item 2: I feel confident to identify the need to call 192 for emergency medical services (SAMU).	6.56	2.92	0.00	10.00	7.00
Item 3: I feel confident to recognize a child suffering a convulsion.	3.92	2.78	0.00	9.90	4.10
Item 4: I feel confident to provide first aid to a child who is suffering a convulsion.	2.09	2.64	0.00	10.00	0.65
Item 5: I feel confident to provide first aid to a child who suffered a fall.	4.11	2.82	0.00	10.00	3.85
Item 6: I feel confident to provide first aid to a child who suffered an injury that is bleeding too much.	3.95	3.04	0.00	10.00	3.35
Item 7: I feel confident to recognize an unconscious child who is not breathing.	3.20	2.95	0.00	10.00	2.35
Item 8: I feel confident to provide first aid to an unconscious child who is not breathing.	1.49	2.48	0.00	10.00	0.35
Item 9: I feel confident to recognize a child who is choking.	4.52	2.62	0.20	10.00	4.70
Item 10: I feel confident to provide first aid to a child who is choking.	3.21	2.73	0.00	10.00	3.35
Item 11: I feel confident to recognize a febrile child.	8.22	1.85	4.00	10.00	8.65
Item 12: I feel confident to provide first aid to a febrile child.	6.42	2.97	0.00	10.00	7.20

Scale’s items	Correlation item/total	Cronbach’s alpha if the item is removed
Item 1	0.627	0.884
Item 2	0.543	0.888
Item 3	0.625	0.884
Item 4	0.703	0.879
Item 5	0.595	0.885
Item 6	0.716	0.879
Item 7	0.711	0.879
Item 8	0.591	0.885
Item 9	0.651	0.882
Item 10	0.767	0.876
Item 11	0.332	0.899
Item 12	0.403	0.895

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[1] Corresponding author: Jaqueline Brosso Zonta. E-mail: jaquelinezonta@gmail.com