Vulnerability of women with human immunodeficiency virus to cervical cancer

Guedes, Dayse da Silva; Carvalho, Ana Zaiz Flores Teixeira de; Lima, Ivana Cristina Vieira de; Cunha, Gilmara Holanda da; Galvão, Marli Teresinha Gimeniz; Farias, Odaleia de Oliveira

doi:10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2018-0203

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RESEARCH • Esc. Anna Nery 23 (2) • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/2177-9465-EAN-2018-0203 copy

Vulnerability of women with human immunodeficiency virus to cervical cancer

Vulnerabilidad de las mujeres con virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana al cáncer de cérvix

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Objective:

To identify the vulnerabilities of women with human immunodeficiency virus to cervical cancer.

Methods:

Cross-sectional study carried out in a clinic with 152 adult women with HIV, by means of the application of a structured form comprising several types of vulnerability.

Results:

Related to individual vulnerability, were prevalent the age above 29 years (87.5%), education higher than eight years of study (53.3%) and family income lower than two minimum wages (94.1%). The majority reported active sexual life (81.6%) and non-use of condoms (57.2%). Regarding the social vulnerability, 56.6% were unemployed. About programmatic vulnerability, 44.0% of women underwent a prevention exam in a period of more than one year. Women with more schooling (p = 0.007), employed (p = 0.000) and that did not use illicit drugs (p = 0.000) underwent the preventive exam in proper frequency.

Conclusion:

In this study, were identified individual, social and programmatic vulnerabilities for cervical cancer in women with HIV.

Keywords:
Vulnerability in health; HIV; Papillomaviridae

Individual vulnerability variables	n	%
Age (in years)
≤ 29	19	12.5
> 29	133	87.5
Schooling (in years of studying)
≤ 8	71	46.7
> 8	81	53.3
Family Income (in minimum wages)^* Mean ± standard deviation: Age (39 ± 8.3 years); Schooling (9 ± 4 years); Family Income (1.7 ± 1.2 minimum wages;
≤ 2	123	80.9
> 2	29	19.1
Viral load (copies/ml)
< 400	134	88.2
≥ 400	18	11.8
CD4+ T Lymphocyte count (cells/mm³)
< 350	29	19.1
≥ 350	123	80.9
Use of illicit drugs
Yes	14	9.2
No	138	90.8
Use of cigarettes
Yes	17	11.2
No	135	88.8
Alcohol consumption
Yes	58	38.2
No	94	61.8
Active sex life
Yes	124	81.6
No	28	18.4
Number of sexual partners in the last 12 months (n = 124)
1	119	78.3
≥ 2	5	21.7
Condom use in all sexual relations (n = 124)
Yes	65	42.8
No	59	57.2
Previous history of sexually transmitted infection
Yes	67	44.1
No	85	55.9

Variables of individual and social vulnerability	Programmatic Vulnerability		p^ Chi-square test for independent variables. value	OR	CI (95%)
	Time since the last CC^* * CC: Cervical cancer; prevention
	≤ 1 year	> 1 year
Age (in years)
≤ 29	12	7	0.665	1.394	0.5206-4.019
> 29	73	60		1.000	Reference
Schooling (in years of studying)
≤ 8	31	40	0.007	0.391	0.200-0.752
> 8	54	27		1.000	Reference
Family Income (in minimum wages)^* * CC: Cervical cancer;
≤ 2	65	58	0.172	0.511	0.205-1.189
> 2	20	9		1.000	Reference
Viral load (copies/ml)
< 400	78	56	0.194	2.162	0.791-6.308
≥ 400	7	11		1.000	Reference
CD4+ T Lymphocyte count (cells/mm³)
< 350	15	14	0.766	0.812	0.357-1.856
≥ 350	70	53		1.000	Reference
Use of illicit drugs
Yes	1	13	0.000	0.057	0.002-0.299
No	84	54		1.000	Reference
Use of cigarettes
Yes	6	11	0.119	0.393	0.126-1.112
No	79	56		1.000	Reference
Alcohol consumption
Yes	33	25	0.982	1.064	0.549-2.077
No	52	42		1.000	Reference
Active sex life
Yes	73	51	0.183	1.895	0.825-4.461
No	12	16		1.000	Reference
Number of sexual partners in the last 12 months (n = 124)
1	70	49	0.709	1.000	Reference
≥ 2	2	3		2.082	0.306-18.464
Condom use in all sexual relations (n = 124)
Yes	39	26	0.932	1.000	Reference
No	34	25		1.102	0.535-2.271
Previous history of sexually transmitted infection
Yes	34	33	0.329	0.689	0.358-1.318
No	51	34		1.000	Reference
Work activity
Yes	49	17	0.000	3.948	1.986-8.133
No	36	50		1.000	Reference

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[1] Corresponding author: Odaleia de Oliveira Farias. E-mail: odafarias@hotmail.com