Figure 1 -
Nonmetric multidimensional scaling of DA genetic distances between 10 population samples, based on Diego, Kell and Duffy red cell polymorphisms (stress = 0.04; R2 = 0.99). Legend: GUARA_1990: Guarani present study, KAING_2000: Kaingang present study, GUARA_1960s: Guarani sampled in the 1960s (Salzano 1964aSalzano FM (1964a) Blood groups of Indians from Santa Catarina, Brazil. Am J Phys Anthropol 22:91-106.), KAING_1960s: Kaingang sampled in the 1960s (Salzano et al., 1980Salzano FM, Callegari‐Jacques SM, Franco MHLP, Hutz MH, Weimer TA, Silva R and Da Rocha FJ (1980) The Caingang revisited: Blood genetics and anthropometry. Am J Phys Antropol 53:513-524.), RS: Blood donors from the state of Rio Grande do Su l (Waskow et al., 2020Waskow G, Rodrigues MM de O, Höher G, Onsten T, Lindenau JD-R, Fiegenbaum M and Almeida S (2020) Genetic variability of blood groups in southern Brazil. Genet Mol Biol 43:e20180327 ), SC: Blood donors from the state of Santa Catarina (Costa et al., 2016Costa DC, Schinaider AA, Santos TM, Schörner EJ, Simon D, Maluf SW, Moraes ACR de and Silva MCS (2016) Frequencies of polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy and Diego systems of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 38:199-205. ), PR: Blood donors from the Southwest region of the state of Parana (Zacarias et al., 2016Zacarias JMV, Langer IBV, Visentainer JEL and Sell AM (2016) Profile of Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Diego blood group systems among blood donors in the Southwest region of the Paraná state, Southern Brazil. Transfus Apher Sci 55:302-307.), PR-BJD (Brazilian Japanese descendants): Blood donors from the state of Parana (Flôres et al., 2014Flôres MALR, Visentainer JEL, Guelsin GAS, Fracasso A de S, Melo FC de, Hashimoto MN and Sell AM (2014) Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group system polymorphism in Brazilian Japanese descendants. Transfus Apher Sci 50:123-128. ), SP: Blood donors from the state of São Paulo (Ribeiro et al., 2009Ribeiro KR, Guarnieri MH, Da Costa DC, Costa FF, Pellegrino J and Castilho L (2009) DNA array analysis for red blood cell antigens facilitates the transfusion support with antigen-matched blood in patients with sickle cell disease. Vox Sang 97:147-152.), BA: Mixed population from the state of Bahia (Costa et al., 2016Costa DC, Schinaider AA, Santos TM, Schörner EJ, Simon D, Maluf SW, Moraes ACR de and Silva MCS (2016) Frequencies of polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy and Diego systems of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 38:199-205. ).
Figure 2 -
Phenotype frequencies by Diego blood group alleles. Legend: Guarani: present study Kaingang: present study, RS: Blood donors from the state of Rio Grande do Sul (Waskow et al., 2020Waskow G, Rodrigues MM de O, Höher G, Onsten T, Lindenau JD-R, Fiegenbaum M and Almeida S (2020) Genetic variability of blood groups in southern Brazil. Genet Mol Biol 43:e20180327 ), SC: Blood donors from the state of Santa Catarina (Costa et al., 2016Costa DC, Schinaider AA, Santos TM, Schörner EJ, Simon D, Maluf SW, Moraes ACR de and Silva MCS (2016) Frequencies of polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy and Diego systems of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 38:199-205. ), PR: Blood donors from the Southwest region of the state of Parana (Zacarias et al., 2016Zacarias JMV, Langer IBV, Visentainer JEL and Sell AM (2016) Profile of Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, and Diego blood group systems among blood donors in the Southwest region of the Paraná state, Southern Brazil. Transfus Apher Sci 55:302-307.), PR-BJD (Brazilian Japanese descendants): Blood donors from the state of Parana (Flôres et al., 2014Flôres MALR, Visentainer JEL, Guelsin GAS, Fracasso A de S, Melo FC de, Hashimoto MN and Sell AM (2014) Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd and Diego blood group system polymorphism in Brazilian Japanese descendants. Transfus Apher Sci 50:123-128. ), SP: Blood donors from the state of São Paulo (Ribeiro et al., 2009Ribeiro KR, Guarnieri MH, Da Costa DC, Costa FF, Pellegrino J and Castilho L (2009) DNA array analysis for red blood cell antigens facilitates the transfusion support with antigen-matched blood in patients with sickle cell disease. Vox Sang 97:147-152.), BA: Mixed population from the state of Bahia (Costa et al., 2016Costa DC, Schinaider AA, Santos TM, Schörner EJ, Simon D, Maluf SW, Moraes ACR de and Silva MCS (2016) Frequencies of polymorphisms of Rh, Kell, Kidd, Duffy and Diego systems of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter 38:199-205. ).