An approach on food choice determinants: a study in the restaurants of a public market in Northeastern Brazil

MOURA, Ana Claudia Carvalho; MELO, Martha Teresa Siqueira Marques; SILVA, Bianca Lourrany dos Santos; PAZ, Suzana Maria Rebêlo Sampaio da; PAIVA, Adriana de Azevedo; CARVALHO, Cecilia Maria Resende Gonçalves de

doi:10.1590/1678-9865202033e190126

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Sumário

Original • Rev Nutr 33 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9865202033e190126 copy

An approach on food choice determinants: a study in the restaurants of a public market in Northeastern Brazil

Abordagem sobre determinantes de escolha alimentar: um estudo nos restaurantes de um mercado público do Nordeste do Brasil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective

To identify the main determinants of food consumption among adult users of a public market in a capital of Northeastern Brazil.

Methods

A total of 198 diners in a public market, constituting a sample comprising 149 males and 49 females over 19 years of age, was interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaires from August 2018 to January 2019. Sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, place of origin, education and income, in addition to the determinants of food choices were evaluated. The analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon test (nonparametric) that compared the means of the dimensions involved in these choices according to gender and income.

Results

Sensory appeal, price and health were the main determinants of food choices. When compared by gender and income, there were significant differences regarding the attributes reviewed.

Conclusion

The factors that influenced food choice were: sensory appeal, price and health. Ethical issues were the ones that least interfered with food choice. Thus, such aspects must be taken into account for the development of public policies in the area of collective eating and environmental education. The factors that influenced food choice were: sensory appeal, price and health. Ethical issues were the ones that least interfered with food choice. Thus, such aspects must be taken into account for the development of public policies in the area of collective eating and environmental education.

Keywords
Collective feeding; Feeding; Feeding behavior

Characteristics	Category	n	%
Gender	Male	149	75.0
Gender	Female	49	25.0
Age	20 to 29 years	47	23.7
	30 to 39 years	58	29.3
	40 to 49 years	47	23.8
	>50 years	46	23.2
Place of origin	Teresina	168	85.0
Place of origin	Other locations	30	15.0
Education	Complete Elementary School	27	13.6
	Complete High School	80	40.4
	Complete Higher Education	91	46.0
Income	Has no income	10	05.0
	Less than 2MW^* * The Minimum wage at the time of the interview was R$ 954.00 (reais).	96	48.5
	Between 2 and 5MW	58	29.3
	More than 5MW	28	14.0
	Did not answer	06	03.0

Dimension	Items	Median	Standard deviation
Sensory Appeal	Tastes good	3.9	0.2
	Smells nice	3.8	0.3
	Looks nice	3.8	0.3
	Has a pleasant texture	3.8	0.3
Price	Is good value for money	3.8	0.4
	Is not expensive	3.7	0.6
	Is cheap	3.7	0.5
Health	Keeps me healthy	3.9	0.3
	Is nutritious	3.8	0.3
	Contains a lot of vitamins and minerals	3.6	0.6
	Is good for my skin/teeth/hair/nails, etc.	3.5	0.7
	Is high in protein	3.4	0.7
	Is high in fiber and roughage	3.5	0.7
Natural Content	Contains natural ingredients	3.6	0.6
	Contains no additives	3.4	0.7
	Contains no artificial ingredients	3.4	0.7
Weight Control	Helps me control my weight	3.5	0.7
	Is low in fat	3.4	0.7
	Is low in calories	3.3	0.8
Convenience	Can be bought in shops close to where I live or work	3.5	0.7
	Is easily available in shops and supermarkets	3.5	0.7
	Takes no time to prepare	3.4	0.8
	Is easy to prepare	3.3	0.8
	Can be cooked very simply	3.3	0.9
Mood	Helps me cope with stress	3.2	0.9
	Helps me to cope with life	3.3	0.8
	Helps me relax	3.3	0.8
	Keeps me awake/alert	3.0	0.9
	Cheers me up	3.3	0.8
	Makes me feel good	3.7	0.5
Familiarity	Is what I usually eat	3.3	0.8
	Is familiar.	3.2	0.9
	Is like the food I ate when I was a child	2.8	1.0
Ethical Concern	Is packaged in an environmentally friendly way	3.5	0.7
	Has the country of origin clearly marked	2.9	1.1
	Comes from countries I approve of politically	2.7	1.1

							^* * Wilcoxon Test; p	Income^b b Six individuals did not report income;
Dimension	General (n=198)		Male (n=149)		Female (n=49)			<2MW^c c Minimum Wage; SD: Standard Deviation. (n=106)		=2MW (n=86)		p
Dimension	Mean	SD^a a Standard Deviation;	Mean	SD	Mean	SD		Mean	SD	Mean	SD	p
Food related
Sensory Appeal	3.8	0.4	3.8	0.4	3.9	0.2	0.041	3.9	0.4	3.8	0.4	0.037
Natural Content	3.5	0.7	3.5	0.7	3.5	0.7	0.647	3.4	0.7	3.5	0.6	0.366
Price	3.7	0.7	3.7	0.7	3.8	0.4	0.077	3.7	0.7	3.7	0.7	0.438
Familiarity	3.1	0.9	3.2	0.9	3.0	1.0	0.659	3.0	0.9	3.2	0.8	0.263
Individual related
Health	3.6	0.5	3.6	0.6	3.6	0.4	0.838	3.6	0.6	3.6	0.5	0.471
Humor	3.3	0.7	3.3	0.8	3.2	0.7	0.450	3.3	0.7	3.3	0.8	0.406
Convenience	3.4	0.8	3.3	0.8	3.5	0.8	0.154	3.5	0.8	3.1	0.9	<0.001
Weight Control	3.4	0.8	3.3	0.8	3.6	0.6	0.036	3.4	0.8	3.3	0.8	0.487
Ethical Concern	3.0	0.9	3.1	0.9	3.0	0.9	0.471	2.9	0.9	3.2	0.9	0.010

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[1] Correspondente to: A.C.C. MOURA. E-mail:anaclaudiacarvalho@ufpi.edu.br.