Interaction Deardorff (2004)Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ; Jokikokko (2005)Jokikokko, K. (2005). Perspectives on intercultural competence. In R. Räsänen, J. San (Eds.), Conditions for intercultural learning and cooperation (pp. 89-106). Helsinki: Finnish Educational Research Association. . |
Interaction management ( Koester & Olebe, 2003Koester, J., & Olebe, M. (2003). The behavioral assessment scale for intercultural assessment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 12 (3), 233-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(88)90017-X
https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(88)900...
); Team consolidation and engagement ( Mendenhall & Osland, 2002Mendenhall, M., & Osland, J. S. (2002, June). An overview of the extant global leadership research . Symposium presentation, Academy of International Business, San Juan, Puerto Rico. ; Friedman & Antal, 2005Friedman, V. J., & Antal, A. B. (2005). Negotiating reality: A theory of action approach to intercultural competence. Management Learning, 36( 1), pp. 69-86. ; Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
); Cohesion among team members ( Rathje, 2007Rathje, S. (2007). Intercultural competence: The status and future of a controversial concept. Language and Intercultural Communication , 7(4), 254–266. https://doi.org/10.2167/laic285.0
https://doi.org/10.2167/laic285.0...
); Result orientation ( Mendenhall & Osland, 2002Mendenhall, M., & Osland, J. S. (2002, June). An overview of the extant global leadership research . Symposium presentation, Academy of International Business, San Juan, Puerto Rico. ; Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
); Strong, clear and detailed planning ( Mendenhall & Osland, 2002Mendenhall, M., & Osland, J. S. (2002, June). An overview of the extant global leadership research . Symposium presentation, Academy of International Business, San Juan, Puerto Rico. ; Moran, Youngdahl & Moran, 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ; Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
); Understanding of the organization's strategic goals and team goals ( Moran et al., 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ); Clarity in describing roles ( Moran et al., 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ). |
Efficacy Dinges and Baldwin (1996)Dinges, N. G., & Baldwin, K. D. (1996). Intercultural competence: A research perspective. In D. Landis, R. S. Bhagat (Eds.), Handbook of intercultural training (2nd. ed., pp. 106-123) Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ; Gertsen (1990)Gertsen, M. C. (1990). Intercultural competence and expatriates. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 1 (3), 341-362. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585199000000054
https://doi.org/10.1080/0958519900000005...
; Bennett (1986)Bennett, M. J. (1986). A developmental approach to training for intercultural sensitivity. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 10 (2), 179-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(86)90005-2
https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(86)900...
. |
Promotion of intercultural learning ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ; Lasonen, 2005Lasonen, J. (2005). Reflexion sur l'interculturalité par rapport a l'education et au travail. Higher Education Policy, 18( 4), 54–62. ); Ethnorelative vision ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Relationship building ( Mendenhall & Osland, 2002Mendenhall, M., & Osland, J. S. (2002, June). An overview of the extant global leadership research . Symposium presentation, Academy of International Business, San Juan, Puerto Rico. ; Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
); Diversity management ( Panggabean, Murniati & Tjitra, 2013Panggabean, H., Murniati, J., & Tjitra, H. (2013). Profiling intercultural competence of Indonesians in Asian workgroups. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 37 (1), 86-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2012.04.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2012....
); Appreciation of group members' values, beliefs and behavior ( Moran et al., 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ; Byram, 1997Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence . Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. ); Appreciation of personal attributes ( Fitch, 2012Fitch, K. (2012). Industry perceptions of intercultural competence in Singapore and Perth. Public Relations Review, 38 (4), 609-618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.06.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.06...
); Non-judgmental standpoint ( Byram, Nichols, & Stevens 2001Byram, M., Nichols, A., & Stevens, D. (2001). Developing intercultural competence in practice . New York: Multilingual Matters. ); Mediated culture ( Kim, 1988Kim, Y. Y. (1988). Communication and cross-cultural adaptation: An integrative theory . Philadelphia: Multilingual Matters. ; Barmeyer & Davoine, 2015Barmeyer, C., & Davoine, E. (2015, July). Intercultural competence of binational pairs as a supporting factor of negotiated culture in binational organisations: An analysis of the French-German case of Alleo . Paper presented in EGOS Colloquium, Athens, Greece, 31. ); Successful interactions ( Hammer, Bennett & Wiseman, 2003Hammer, M. R., Bennett, M. J., & Wiseman, R. L. (2003). Measuring intercultural sensitivity: The intercultural development inventory. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 27 (4), 421–443. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(03)00032-4
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-1767(03)00...
; Kupka, 2008Kupka, B. (2008). Creation of an instrument to assess intercultural communication competence for strategic international human resource management (Thesis, Doctor of Philosophy). University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/10523/163
http://hdl.handle.net/10523/163...
); Ability to manage complex situations ( Lasonen, 2005Lasonen, J. (2005). Reflexion sur l'interculturalité par rapport a l'education et au travail. Higher Education Policy, 18( 4), 54–62. ); Managing uncertainty ( Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
). |
Cultural differences Friedman and Antal (2005)Friedman, V. J., & Antal, A. B. (2005). Negotiating reality: A theory of action approach to intercultural competence. Management Learning, 36( 1), pp. 69-86. . |
Global Mindset ( Bücker & Poutsma, 2010Bücker, J., & Poutsma, E. (2010). Global management competencies: A theoretical foundation. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 829-844. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089116
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108911...
); Intellectual, cultural resources management ( Moran et al., 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ); Engagement of team members ( Friedman & Antal, 2005Friedman, V. J., & Antal, A. B. (2005). Negotiating reality: A theory of action approach to intercultural competence. Management Learning, 36( 1), pp. 69-86. ). |
Communication Byram (1997)Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence . Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. ; Deardorff (2004)Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ; Moran et al. (2009)Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ; Fitch (2012)Fitch, K. (2012). Industry perceptions of intercultural competence in Singapore and Perth. Public Relations Review, 38 (4), 609-618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.06.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.06...
. |
Clear and frank communication ( Moran et al., 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ); Constant feedback ( Moran et al., 2009Moran, R. T., Youngdahl, W. E., & Moran, S. V. (2009). Intercultural competence in business: Leading global projects. In D. K. Deardorff (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of intercultural competence (pp. 100-120). Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications. ); Sociolinguistic ability ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Accuracy in conveying and receiving messages ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Ability to communicate interculturally ( Byram, 1997Byram, M. (1997). Teaching and assessing intercultural communicative competence . Clevedon, UK: Multilingual Matters. ; Mendenhall & Osland, 2002Mendenhall, M., & Osland, J. S. (2002, June). An overview of the extant global leadership research . Symposium presentation, Academy of International Business, San Juan, Puerto Rico. ; Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
; Lough, 2011Lough, B. J. (2011). International volunteers’ perceptions of intercultural competence. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35 (4), 452-464. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.06.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010....
; Fitch, 2012Fitch, K. (2012). Industry perceptions of intercultural competence in Singapore and Perth. Public Relations Review, 38 (4), 609-618. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.06.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2012.06...
); |
Learning Fischer et al. (2009)Fischer, T. M. D., Gondim, S. M. G., Pereira, M. E., Rodrigues, G. K. M., & Pinheiro, L. L. (2009, setembro). Competências na gestão intercultural: desafios para aprendizagem e qualificação. Anais do Encontro Nacional da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Administração , São Paulo, SP, Brazil, 33. . |
Ongoing intercultural learning ( Mendenhall & Osland, 2002Mendenhall, M., & Osland, J. S. (2002, June). An overview of the extant global leadership research . Symposium presentation, Academy of International Business, San Juan, Puerto Rico. ; Bird et al., 2010Bird, A., Mendenhall, M., Stevens, M. J., & Oddou, G. (2010). Defining the content domain of intercultural competence for global leaders. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25 (8), 810-828. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683941011089107
https://doi.org/10.1108/0268394101108910...
); Openness to intercultural learning ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Knowledge sharing orientation ( Koester & Olebe, 2003Koester, J., & Olebe, M. (2003). The behavioral assessment scale for intercultural assessment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 12 (3), 233-246. https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(88)90017-X
https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(88)900...
). |
Mediated culture Earley and Ang (2003)Earley P. C., & Ang, S. (2003). Cultural intelligence: Individual interactions across cultures . Palo Alto: Stanford University Press. ; Deardorff (2004)Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ; Barmeyer and Davoine (2015)Barmeyer, C., & Davoine, E. (2015, July). Intercultural competence of binational pairs as a supporting factor of negotiated culture in binational organisations: An analysis of the French-German case of Alleo . Paper presented in EGOS Colloquium, Athens, Greece, 31. . |
Flexibility ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Adaptability ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Mediated culture ( Kim, 1988Kim, Y. Y. (1988). Communication and cross-cultural adaptation: An integrative theory . Philadelphia: Multilingual Matters. ; Barmeyer & Davoine, 2015Barmeyer, C., & Davoine, E. (2015, July). Intercultural competence of binational pairs as a supporting factor of negotiated culture in binational organisations: An analysis of the French-German case of Alleo . Paper presented in EGOS Colloquium, Athens, Greece, 31. ); Ethnorelative vision – accepting the existence and importance of cultural differences within the group ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ); Openness to intercultural learning ( Deardorff, 2004Deardorff, D. K. (2004). The identification and assessment of intercultural competence as a student outcome of internationalization at institutions of higher education in the United States (Doctoral dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. ). |