Resumen

MAIA-ALMEIDA, C.I. et al. Density of planting and age of Phillanthus amarus genotype UNICAMP/CPQBA-14 on the productivity of phyllanthin. Rev. bras. plantas med. [online]. 2011, vol.13, n.spe, pp. 633-641. ISSN 1516-0572.  http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-05722011000500021.

The effect of planting density and age of Phyllanthus amarus- genotype CPQBA-14, on the content and productivity of phyllanthin were evaluated. The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial scheme 4 x 6, with five replicates, consisting of 4 treatments of planting density (400.000 pl ha^-1; 200.000 pl ha^-1; 100.000 pl ha^-1 and 66667.68 pl ha^-1) with six ages of plants (30, 45, 60, 75, 90 and 105 days after transplanting (DAT)). Data were subjected to analysis of variance and regression (P>0.005). For phyllanthin content independent and significant effects of harvest and planting density were observed. The phyllanthin contents increased with plant age, peaking at 105 DAT, with a content of 11.52 g kg^-1. The estimated population density that provided the high phyllanthin contents (8.66 g kg^-1) was at 299.860 pl ha^-1. The productivity of phyllanthin showed significant interaction between planting density and plants ages. It was observed during the plant growth, the treatments with 200 and 400.000 pl ha ^-1 had the highest yield of phyllanthin (39.3 and 37.8 kg ha^-1) with 95.17 and 97.12 DAT, respectively. We conclude that the proper spacing for best spatial arrangement of the cultivation is 299.860 pl ha^-1 for the yield of 3974.19 kg (dry weight leaf) x 0.00866 kg (phyllanthin contents) = 34.416 kg ha^-1 of phyllanthin with harvest scheduled at 97 DAT.

Palabras llave : Cultivation of medicinal plants; ecophysiology; phytochemical quality; stone breaker.