Biocements formed from the composition Ca/P have been studied and developed since 1983. These biomaterials are promissing and have aroused great interest to biomedical surgery applications, fixation of prostheses and filling and reconstruction of bones. They can be employed as an element of load to fix implant and bone structure. In addition, biocements are easily shaped during surgical processes and favor early bone habitation, absorption, osseointegration, and osteoconduction of bone structure into the microstructure of the biocement thus favoring regeneration and reconstruction of bone tissue. This paper aims to develop biocements formed from calcium phosphate through the aqueous precipitation method by means of the dissolution-precipitation reaction, which involves solid/ liquid phase of CaO and phosphoric acid to form the calcium phosphate. The biocements investigated were synthesized when the molar ratios of Ca/P = 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8. The present results indicate that the aqueous precipitation method allowed nanostructured powder of calcium phosphate to form. Thermal treatment at 1300 °C for 2 hours provided biocements formed from calcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. The study of hydration behaviour from 1 to 28 days in a solution, which contained 0.4% of sodium phosphate, emphasized phase modification and the presence of a microporous microstructure made of crystalline fibers. It was found that the shape and size of the crystalline fiber had a direct influence on the resulting mechanical properties. Investigating more carefully the behaviour of the specimens with a Ca/P molar ratio of 1.5, there was an increase in the strength value under compression as a function of time so that it reached the maximum value of strength ±45 MPa to specimens that had been hydrated for 28 days.
elaboration; characterization; biocements; application; biomedical
