Relationship between the Brazilian version of the Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery and education, age and reading and writing characteristics. A cross-sectional study

Pagliarin, Karina Carlesso; Gindri, Gigiane; Ortiz, Karin Zazo; Parente, Maria Alice Mattos Pimenta; Joanette, Yves; Nespoulous, Jean-Luc; Fonseca, Rochele Paz

doi:10.1590/1516-3180.2014.8461610

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Sao Paulo Medical Journal

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Original Article • Sao Paulo Med. J. 133 (04) • July-Aug 2015 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-3180.2014.8461610 copy

Relationship between the Brazilian version of the Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery and education, age and reading and writing characteristics. A cross-sectional study

Relação entre a bateria Montreal-Toulouse de avaliação da linguagem, versão brasileira, e escolaridade, idade e hábitos de leitura e escrita. Um estudo transversal

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:

There is growing concern about understanding how sociodemographic variables may interfere with cognitive functioning, especially with regard to language. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between performance in the Brazilian version of the Montreal-Toulouse language assessment battery (MTL-BR) and education, age and frequency of reading and writing habits (FRWH).

DESIGN AND SETTING:

Cross-sectional study conducted in university and work environments in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

METHOD:

The MTL-BR was administered to a group of 233 healthy adults, aged 19 to 75 years (mean = 45.04, standard deviation, SD = 15.47), with at least five years of formal education (mean = 11.47, SD = 4.77).

RESULTS:

A stepwise multiple linear regression model showed that, for most tasks, the number of years of education, age and FRWH were better predictors of performance when analyzed together rather than separately. In separate analysis, education was the best predictor of performance in language tasks, especially those involving reading and writing abilities.

CONCLUSION:

The results suggested that the number of years of education, age and FRWH seem to influence performance in the MTL-BR, especially education. These data are important for making diagnoses of greater precision among patients suffering from brain injuries, with the aim of avoiding false positives.

Language tests; Educational status; Age factors; Aphasia; Adult

	Education	Age	FRWH
Education	-	-0.04	0.58^*
Age	-0.04	-	-0.09
FRWH	0.58^*	-0.09	-
Task 1. Directed interview	0.11	-0.20^*	0.10
Task 2. Automatic speech
2.1. form	0.29^*	-0.06	0.24^*
2.2 content	0.15^†	0.09	0.27^*
Task 3. Auditory comprehension	0.29^*	-0.22^*	0.29^*
Task 4. Oral narrative task
4.1. total number of words	0.31^*	0.21^*	0.32^*
4.2. total number of information units	0.36^*	-0.11	0.0^*
4.3 total number of scenes	0.33^*	-0.09	0.21^*
Task 5. Written comprehension	0.35^*	-0.24^*	0.29^*
Task 6. Copying	0.11	-0.03	0.05
Task 7. Dictation	0.51^*	-0.08	0.46^*
Task 8. Repetition	0.13^†	-0.21^*	0.17^*
Task 9. Reading	0.45^*	-0.11	0.35^*
Task 10. Semantic verbal fluency	0.53^*	-0.16^†	0.47^*
Task 11. Nonverbal praxis	0.13	0.11	0.06
Task 12. Naming	0.29^*	-0.28^*	0.28^*
Task 13. Objects manipulation	0.07	0.09	0.23^*
Task 14. Phonological verbal fluency	0.52^*	0.06	0.44^*
Task 15. Body part recognition and left-right orientation	0.09	0.00	0.05
Task 16. Written naming	0.44^*	-0.29^*	0.33^*
Task 17. Written narrative
17.1. total number of words	0.55^*	-0.14^†	0.44^*
17.2. total number of information units	0.48^*	-0.11	0.39^*
17.3. total number of scenes	0.45^*	-0.13	0.36^*
Task 18. Oral text comprehension	0.29^*	-0.16^†	0.28^*
Task 19. Number dictation	0.18^*	0.04	0.03
Task 20. Reading of numbers	0.14^†	-0.05	0.12
Task 21. Written text comprehension	0.26^*	-0.07	0.25^*
Task 22. Calculation	0.50^*	0.02	0.40^*

Dependent variables	Independent variables (selected model)	t-value	P (ANOVA)	Model
Dependent variables	Independent variables (selected model)	t-value	P (ANOVA)	F	P	R²	R²a
Directed interview	Age	-3.140	0.002	9.861	0.002	0.041	0.037
Automatic speech (form)	Education	4.564	< 0.001	20.829	< 0.001	0.083	0.079
Automatic speech (content)	FRWH	4.336	< 0.001	18.801	< 0.001	0.075	0.071
Auditory comprehension	Education	2.207	0.028	21.398	< 0.001	0.085	0.081
	Education and age	-3.235	0.001	10.416	0.001	0.124	0.117
	Education, age and FRWH	2.348	0.020	5.514	0.020	0.145	0.134
Oral narrative (total number of words)	FRWH	2.911	0.004	27.241	< 0.001	0.105	0.102
	FRWH and age	4.023	< 0.001	14.617	< 0.001	0.159	0.152
	FRWH, age and education	2.717	0.007	7.384	0.007	0.185	0.175
Oral narrative (total number of IU)	Education	5.805	< 0.001	33.696	< 0.001	0.127	0.124
Oral narrative (total number of scenes)	Education	5.244	< 0.001	27.502	< 0.001	0.106	0.103
Written comprehension	Education	5.656	< 0.001	33.729	< 0.001	0.127	0.124
	Education and age	-3.460	0.001	11.970	0.001	0.171	0.163
Dictation	Education	5.388	< 0.001	82.640	< 0.001	0.263	0.260
	Education and FRWH	3.452	0.001	11.913	0.001	0.300	0.294
Repetition	Age	-3.196	0.002	10.887	0.001	0.045	0.041
	Age and FRWH	2.468	0.014	6.089	0.014	0.070	0.062
Reading	Education	7.624	< 0.001	58.128	< 0.001	0.201	0.198
Semantic verbal fluency	Education	5.675	< 0.001	92.244	< 0.001	0.285	0.282
	Education and FRWH	3.557	< 0.001	12.610	< 0.001	0.323	0.317
	Education, FRWH and age	-2.145	0.033	4.601	0.033	0.336	0.327
Naming	Education	2.336	0.020	21.378	< 0.001	0.085	0.081
	Education and age	-4.23	< 0.001	17.818	< 0.001	0.151	0.143
	Education, age and FRWH	12.107	0.036	4.441	< 0.001	0.167	0.156
Phonological verbal fluency	Education	5.651	< 0.001	83.700	< 0.001	0.266	0.263
	Education and FRWH	3.018	0.003	9.108	0.003	0.294	0.288
Written naming	Education	7.421	< 0.001	56.083	< 0.001	0.195	0.192
	Education and age	-4.509	< 0.001	20.330	< 0.001	0.261	0.254
Oral text comprehension	Education	2.260	0.025	20.548	< 0.001	0.082	0.078
	Education and age	-2.168	0.031	4.722	0.031	0.100	0.092
	Education, age and FRWH	2.156	0.032	4.647	0.032	0.118	0.107
Number dictation	Education	2.708	0.007	7.333	0.007	0.031	0.027
Reading of numbers	Education	2.171	0.031	4.714	0.031	0.020	0.016
Written narrative (total number of words)	Education	6.613	< 0.001	100.503	< 0.001	0.303	0.300
	Education and FRWH	2.527	0.012	6.384	0.012	0.322	0.316
Written narrative (total number of IU)	Education	5.261	< 0.001	67.566	< 0.001	0.226	0.223
	Education and FRWH	2.317	0.021	5.368	0.021	0.244	0.237
Written narrative (total number of scenes)	Education	7.696	< 0.001	59.223	< 0.001	0.204	0.201
Written text comprehension	Education	4.076	< 0.001	16.613	< 0.001	0.067	0.063
Calculation	Education	5.755	< 0.001	77.590	< 0.001	0.251	0.248
	Education and FRWH	2.284	0.023	5.216	0.023	0.268	0.262

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