ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Organ damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occurs as a consequence of the disease itself, the therapy applied and the accompanying conditions and complications. Organ damage predicts further organ damage and is associated with an increased risk of death.
OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to assess the degree of irreversible organ changes in SLE patients, using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage index (SDI); to establish correlations between organ damage and disease activity, quality of life, intensity of fatigue and serological factors; and to ascertain the risk factors for organ damage.
DESIGN AND SETTING:
Cross-sectional single-center study conducted at the Institute for Treatment and Rehabilitation “Niška Banja”, Niš, Serbia.
METHODS:
83 patients with SLE were enrolled: 58 patients formed the group with organ damage (SDI ≥ 1), and 25 patients without organ damage served as controls (SDI = 0).
RESULTS:
Organ damage correlated with age (P = 0.002), disease duration (P = 0.015), disease activity (grade 1, P = 0.014; and grade 2, P = 0.007), poor quality of life, severe fatigue (P = 0.047) and treatment with azathioprine (P = 0.037). The following factors were protective: use of hydroxychloroquine (P = 0.048) and higher scores obtained for the physical (P = 0.011), mental (P = 0.022) and general health (P = 0.008) domains.
CONCLUSION:
It is very important to evaluate risk factors for organ damage in the body, including physicians’ overall assessment, to try to positively influence better treatment outcomes.
KEY WORDS:
Lupus erythematosus, systemic; Risk factors; Quality of life