Alvarez-Jiménez (2009)3939. Alvarez-Jiménez M, Gleeson JF, Cotton S, Wade D, Gee D, Pearce T, et al. Predictors of adherence to cognitive-behavioural therapy in first-episode psychosis. Can J Psychiatry. 2009;54:710-8.
|
Randomized controlled trial; single-blind |
81 |
2.5 years |
Psychosocial (CBT) - predictive: longer DUP, poorer level of insight |
Anderson (2013)3535. Anderson KK, Fuhrer R, Schmitz N, Malla AK. Determinants of negative pathways to care and their impact on service disengagement in first-episode psychosis. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 2013;48:125-36.
|
Prospective cohort |
324 |
24 months |
Psychosocial (disengagement): older age, not living alone |
Barbeito (2013)4343. Barbeito S, Vega P, Ruiz de Azúa S, Saenz M, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa M, González-Ortega I, et al. Cannabis use and involuntary admission may mediate long-term adherence in first-episode psychosis patients: a prospective longitudinal study. BMC Psychiatry. 2013;13:326.
|
Prospective cohort |
98 |
8 years
|
Medication: family history of psychosis, lower functioning, lower levels of depressive symptoms, more alcohol use, involuntary first admission to hospital |
Coldham (2002)2222. Coldham EL, Addington J, Addington D. Medication adherence of individuals with a first episode of psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2002;106:286-90.
|
Prospective cohort |
200 |
1 year |
Medication: younger age, earlier age at onset, poorer premorbid functioning, no family member involved in treatment, more positive symptoms, more relapses, more alcohol and cannabis use, reduced insight, poorer quality of life |
Conus (2010)3636. Conus P, Lambert M, Cotton S, Bonsack C, McGorry PD, Schimmelmann BG. Rate and predictors of service disengagement in an epidemiological first-episode psychosis cohort. Schizophr Res. 2010;118:256-63.
|
Retrospective longitudinal |
660 |
18 months |
Psychosocial (disengagement) - predictive: lower premorbid functioning, forensic history before treatment, shorter duration of prodrome, no work or school, living without family, lower severity of illness at baseline, higher baseline functioning, diagnoses other than schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar disorderAssociated: persistence of substance use disorder, living without family at discharge, higher severity at discharge, lower functioning at discharge |
Fanning (2012)4040. Fanning F, Foley S, Lawlor E, McWilliams S, Jackson D, Renwick L, et al. Group cognitive behavioural therapy for first episode psychosis: who's referred, who attends and who completes it? Early Interv Psychiatry. 2012;6:432-41.
|
Prospective cohort |
124 |
2 years |
Psychosocial (CBT) - predictive: lower global attention, lower social self-consciousness, higher global bizarre behavior |
Faridi (2012)4141. Faridi K, Joober R, Malla A. Medication adherence mediates the impact of sustained cannabis use on symptom levels in first-episode psychosis. Schizophr Res. 2012;141:78-82.
|
Prospective cohort |
192 |
1 year |
Medication: discontinued cannabis use |
Hill (2010)2121. Hill M, Crumlish N, Whitty P, Clarke M, Browne S, Kamali M, et al. Nonadherence to medication four years after a first episode of psychosis and associated risk factors. Psychiatr Serv. 2010;61:189-92.
|
Prospective cohort |
171 |
4 years |
Medication - predictive: substance misuse, DUPOther associated factors: greater symptomatology, lower insight, lower global functioning, negative attitude toward medication, substance misuse |
Kampman (2002)5757. Kampman O, Laippala P, Väänänen J, Koivisto E, Kiviniemi P, Kilkku N, et al. Indicators of medication compliance in first-episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 2002;110:39-48.
|
Retrospective longitudinal |
59 |
3 months |
Medication: experienced harmful side effects, male sex, lack of social activities, more positive symptoms, more symptoms in general, younger age |
Lambert (2010)2323. Lambert M, Conus P, Cotton S, Robinson J, McGorry PD, Schimmelmann BG. Prevalence, predictors, and consequences of long-term refusal of antipsychotic treatment in first-episode psychosis. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2010;30:565-72.
|
Retrospective longitudinal |
605 |
18 months |
Medication - predictive: male sex, fewer years of schooling, low premorbid functioning, history of physical abuse, forensic history, lifetime substance use disorder, longer duration of untreated illness, no previous contact with psychiatric care, any substance use disorder at baseline, unemployment at baseline, low insight, severity of illness |
Macbeth (2013)5858. Macbeth A, Gumley A, Schwannauer M, Fisher R. Service engagement in first episode psychosis: clinical and premorbid correlates. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2013;201:359-64.
|
Cross-sectional cohort |
64 |
12 months |
Psychosocial (poor engagement) - predictive: negative symptomsOther associated factors: more positive symptoms, more negative symptoms, higher general psychopathology, lower late-adolescence academic adjustment, lower early- and late-adolescence social adjustment |
Malla (2002)4444. Malla AK, Norman RM, Manchanda R, Townsend L. Symptoms, cognition, treatment adherence and functional outcome in first-episode psychosis. Psychol Med. 2002;32:1109-19.
|
Prospective cohort |
66 |
1 year |
Medication: lower community functioning (social relations and activities of daily living) |
Miller (2009)5959. Miller R, Ream G, McCormack J, Gunduz-Bruce H, Sevy S, Robinson D. A prospective study of cannabis use as a risk factor for non-adherence and treatment dropout in first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2009;113:138-44.
|
Prospective cohort |
112 |
12 months |
Medication and disengagement: cannabis use |
Montreuil (2012)4747. Montreuil TC, Cassidy CM, Rabinovitch M, Pawliuk N, Schmitz N, Joober R, et al. Case manager- and patient-rated alliance as a predictor of medication adherence in first-episode psychosis. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2012;32:465-9.
|
Prospective cohort |
81 |
6 months |
Medication - predictive: lower working alliance |
Quach (2009)4545. Quach P Le, Mors O, Christensen TØ, Krarup G, Jørgensen P, Bertelsen M, et al. Predictors of poor adherence to medication among patients with first-episode schizophrenia-spectrum disorder. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2009;3:66-74.
|
Prospective cohort |
547 |
2 years |
Medication - predictive: negative attitudes toward medication, lack of consistent family support, not have grown up with both parents, no key relative to interview at entry, no vocational education, younger patients, no key relative at 1-year follow-up interview, fewer negative symptoms, lower insight |
Rabinovitch (2009)3030. Rabinovitch M, Béchard-Evans L, Schmitz N, Joober R, Malla A. Early predictors of nonadherence to antipsychotic therapy in first-episode psychosis. Can J Psychiatry. 2009;54:28-35.
|
Prospective cohort |
100 |
6 months |
Medication - predictive: low level of social support, single marital status, refusal of medication at the first offer of treatment |
Rabinovitch (2013)5454. Rabinovitch M, Cassidy C, Schmitz N, Joober R, Malla A. The influence of perceived social support on medication adherence in first-episode psychosis. Can J Psychiatry. 2013;58:59-65.
|
Prospective cohort |
152 |
6 months |
Medication - predictive: any lifetime substance use diagnosis at baselineOther associated factors: increase in family support |
Robinson (2002)6060. Robinson DG, Woerner MG, Alvir JM, Bilder RM, Hinrichsen GA, Lieberman JA. Predictors of medication discontinuation by patients with first-episode schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. Schizophr Res. 2002;57:209-19.
|
Prospective cohort |
112 |
1 year |
Medication - predictive: poorer premorbid cognitive functioning |
Schimmelmann (2006)3737. Schimmelmann BG, Conus P, Schacht M, McGorry P, Lambert M. Predictors of service disengagement in first-admitted adolescents with psychosis. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2006;45:990-9.
|
Prospective cohort |
157 |
18 months |
Psychosocial (disengagement) - predictive: lower severity of illness at baseline, higher global functioning at baseline, living without family at baselineOther associated factors: living without family during treatment, persistent substance use, lower global functioning at discharge |
Schimmelmann (2012)5050. Schimmelmann BG, Conus P, Cotton S, Kupferschmid S, Mcgorry PD, Lambert M. Prevalence and impact of cannabis use disorders in adolescents with early onset first episode psychosis. Eur Psychiatry. 2012;27:463-9.
|
Prospective cohort |
99 |
18 months |
Medication: cannabis useDisengagement: persistent cannabis use (compared to baseline or decreasing use) |
Schöttle (2012)4949. Schöttle D, Schimmelmann BG, Conus P, Cotton SM, Michel C, McGorry PD, et al. Differentiating schizoaffective and bipolar I disorder in first-episode psychotic mania. Schizophr Res. 2012;140:31-6.
|
Retrospective longitudinal |
134 |
18 months |
Medication: schizoaffective disorder diagnosis (compared to bipolar disorder) |
Segarra (2012)4242. Segarra R, Ojeda N, Pena J, Garcia J, Rodriguez-Morales A, Ruiz I, et al. Longitudinal changes of insight in first episode psychosis and its relation to clinical symptoms, treatment adherence and global functioning: one-year follow-up from the Eiffel study. Eur Psychiatry. 2012;27:43-9.
|
Prospective cohort |
577 |
1 year |
Global treatment nonadherence - predictive: low insight into need for treatment, low level of education |
Steger (2012)5252. Steger KA, Cassidy C, Rabinovitch M, Joober R, Malla A. Impact of symptom resolution on medication adherence in first episode psychosis. Psychiatry Res. 2012;196:45-51.
|
Prospective cohort |
301 |
6 months |
Medication - predictive: resolution of negative symptomsOthers: no remission of positive symptoms |
Stowkowy (2012)3131. Stowkowy J, Addington D, Liu L, Hollowell B, Addington J. Predictors of disengagement from treatment in an early psychosis program. Schizophr Res. 2012;136:7-12.
|
Prospective cohort |
286 |
30 months |
Psychosocial (disengagement) - predictive: lower negative symptoms at baseline, shorter DUP, not having a family member involved in the programEarly dropout (< 6 months): greater cannabis use, greater other drug use |
Turner (2009)3838. Turner MA, Boden JM, Smith-Hamel C, Mulder RT. Outcomes for 236 patients from a 2-year early intervention in psychosis service. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2009;120:129-37.
|
Prospective cohort |
236 |
2 years |
Psychosocial (disengagement) - predictive: unemployed at baseline, higher global functioning level at baseline, lower health and social functioning level at baseline |
Verdoux (2002)4646. Verdoux H, Liraud F, Assens F, Abalan F, van Os J. Social and clinical consequences of cognitive deficits in early psychosis: a two-year follow-up study of first-admitted patients. Schizophr Res. 2002;56:149-59.
|
Prospective cohort |
35 |
2 years |
Medication: higher cognitive flexibillity |
Wade (2007)5353. Wade D, Harrigan S, McGorry PD, Burgess PM, Whelan G. Impact of severity of substance use disorder on symptomatic and functional outcome in young individuals with first-episode psychosis. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007;68:5:767-74.
|
Prospective cohort |
92 |
15 months |
Medication: higher substance use disorder severity |