FST |
Moryl et al.2929. Moryl E, Danysz W, Quack G. Potential antidepressive properties of amantadine, memantine and bifemelane. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1993;72:394-7.
|
Rat (male) |
20, 40, 80 |
Acute (i.p.) |
|
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): ↓ ambulation, peeping, rearing, and walking time |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Rogoz et al.3737. Rogóz Z, Skuza G, Maj J, Danysz W. Synergistic effect of uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists and antidepressant drugs in the forced swimming test in rats. Neuropharmacology. 2002;42:1024-30.
|
Rat (male) |
(10), 20 |
Acute (i.p.) |
|
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): no effect |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Rogoz, et al.3838. Rogóz Z, Skuza G, Kusmider M, Wójcikowski J, Kot M, Daniel WA. Synergistic effect of imipramine and amantadine in the forced swimming test in rats. Behavioral and pharmacokinetic studies. Pol J Pharmacol. 2004;56:179-85.
|
Rat (male) |
(10), 20 |
Acute (i.p.) |
|
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): no effect |
Antidepressant-like effects |
CUMS |
Yu et al.4343. Yu M, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhang T. Antidepressant-like effects and possible mechanisms of amantadine on cognitive and synaptic deficits in a rat model of chronic stress. Stress. 2016;19:104-13.
|
Rat (male) |
25 |
Chronic (oral) |
CUMS |
SPTMWMBody weight loss |
SPT: ↑ sucrose consumption MWM: ↓ escape latency Body weight loss: prevented Locomotor activity (swim velocity in MWM): no effect |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Reserpine syndrome |
Maj et al.2121. Maj J, Sowińska H, Baran L. The effect of amantadine on motor activity and catalepsy in rats. Psychopharmacologia. 1972;24:296-307.
|
Rat (male and female) |
(20), 40, 80 |
Acute (i.p.) |
Reserpine 5 mg/kg |
Locomotor activity Catalepsy |
↓ reserpine-induced hypolocomotion ↓ catalepsy Locomotor activity (AA): no effect |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Jurna et al.4444. Jurna I, Grossmann W, Nell T. Depression by amantadine of drug-induced rigidity in the rat. Neuropharmacology. 1972;11:559-64.
|
Rat (unspecified sex) |
50 |
Acute (i.v.) |
Reserpine 10 mg/kg |
Electromyography |
↓ muscle rigidity Locomotor activity: NE |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Lassen4545. Lassen JB. The effect of amantadine and (+)-amphetamine on motility in rats after inhibition of monoamine synthesis and storage. Psychopharmacologia. 1973;29:55-64.
|
Rats (female) |
25, 50 |
Acute (s.c.) |
Reserpine 7.5 mg/kg |
Locomotor activity |
Did not affect reserpine-induced hypolocomotion AA: ↑ locomotor activity |
Ineffective |
Colpaert et al.4646. Colpaert FC. Pharmacological characteristics of tremor, rigidity and hypokinesia induced by reserpine in rat. Neuropharmacology. 1987;26:1431-40.
|
Rats (female) |
24-110 (ED50) |
Acute (oral) |
Reserpine 40 mg/kg |
Hypokinesia Catalepsy |
Prevented reserpine-induced hypokinesia ↓ catalepsy Locomotor activity: NE |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Goldstein et al.4747. Goldstein JM, Barnett A, Malick JB. The evaluation of anti-Parkinson drugs on reserpine-induced rigidity in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1975;33:183-8.
|
Rats (male) |
21.8 (ED50) |
Acute (s.c.) |
Reserpine 5 mg/kg |
Reserpine-induced hindlimb rigidity |
Prevented reserpine-induced rigidity Locomotor activity: NE |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Cox & Tha4848. Cox B, Tha SJ. The role of dopamine and noradrenaline in temperature control of normal and reserpine-pretreated mice. J Pharm Pharmacol. 1975;27:242-7.
|
Mouse (male and female) |
(25) |
Acute (i.p.) |
Reserpine 5 mg/kg |
Reserpine-induced hypothermia |
No effect Locomotor activity: NE |
Ineffective |
Messiha4949. Messiha FS. Effect of amantadine on chlorpromazine and reserpine-induced behavioral depression in the mouse. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1988;12:219-22.
|
Mouse (male) |
100 |
Acute (i.p.) |
Reserpine 0.2 mg/kg |
Locomotor activity |
↑ reserpine-induced hypolocomotion Locomotor activity (AA): ↓ |
Ineffective |
Moryl et al.2929. Moryl E, Danysz W, Quack G. Potential antidepressive properties of amantadine, memantine and bifemelane. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1993;72:394-7.
|
Mouse (male) |
(20), 40, 80 |
Acute (i.p.) |
Reserpine 2.5 mg/kg |
Hypothermia |
↓ reserpine-induced hypothermia Locomotor activity: NE (for mice) |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Comorbidity |
Tan et al.5050. Tan L, Ge H, Tang J, Fu C, Duanmu W, Chen Y, et al. Amantadine preserves dopamine level and attenuates depression-like behavior induced by traumatic brain injury in rats. Behav Brain Res. 2015;279:274-82.
|
Rat (male) |
45-135 |
Chronic (28 days) (i.p.) |
Depressive-like behavior induced by traumatic brain injury |
SPTFST |
SPT: ↑ sucrose preference FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity: NE |
Antidepressant-like effects |
Co-administration |
Skuza & Rogóz3939. Skuza G, Rogóz Z. Effect of combined treatment with selective σ ligands and amantadine in the forced swimming test in rats. Pol J Pharmacol. 2002;54:699-702.
|
Rat (male) |
(10) |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ σ1 receptor agonist SA4503 or σ2 receptor agonist siramesine |
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (AA): no effect |
Potentiated antidepressant-like effects of σ receptor agonists |
Rogoz et al.3737. Rogóz Z, Skuza G, Maj J, Danysz W. Synergistic effect of uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists and antidepressant drugs in the forced swimming test in rats. Neuropharmacology. 2002;42:1024-30.
|
Rat (male) |
(10) |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ venlafaxine, imipramine, or fluoxetine |
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): no effect or ↓ locomotor activity |
Potentiated antidepressant-like effects |
Rogoz et al.3838. Rogóz Z, Skuza G, Kusmider M, Wójcikowski J, Kot M, Daniel WA. Synergistic effect of imipramine and amantadine in the forced swimming test in rats. Behavioral and pharmacokinetic studies. Pol J Pharmacol. 2004;56:179-85.
|
Rat (male) |
20 |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ imipramine |
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (OFT): ↓ locomotor activity |
Potentiated antidepressant-like effects |
Kubera et al.5151. Kubera M, Basta-Kaim A, Budziszewska B, Rogóz Z, Skuza G, Leskiewicz M, et al. Effect of amantadine and imipramine on immunological parameters of rats subjected to a forced swimming test. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2006;9:297-305.
|
Rat (male) |
(10) |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ imipramine |
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity: NE |
Potentiated antidepressant-like effects |
Skuza & Rogóz4040. Skuza G, Rogóz Z. The synergistic effect of selective sigma receptor agonists and uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists in the forced swimming test in rats. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006;57:217-29.
|
Rat (male) |
(10) |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ σ1 receptor agonist SA4503 |
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity (AA): no effect |
Potentiated antidepressant-like effects of σ1 receptor agonist |
Rogóz et al.4141. Rogóz Z, Kubera M, Rogóz K, Basta-Kaim A, Budziszewska B. Effect of co-administration of fluoxetine and amantadine on immunoendocrine parameters in rats subjected to a forced swimming test. Pharmacol Rep. 2009;61:1050-60.
|
Rat (male) |
(10) |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ fluoxetine |
FST |
FST: ↓ immobility time Locomotor activity: NE |
Potentiated antidepressant-like effects of fluoxetine |
Skuza et al.5252. Skuza G, Sadaj W, Kabziński M, Cassano G, Gasparre G, Abate C, et al. The effects of new sigma (σ) receptor ligands, PB190 and PB212, in the models predictive of antidepressant activity. Pharmacol Rep. 2014;66:320-4.
|
Mouse (male) |
(10) |
Acute (i.p.) |
+ σ1 receptor agonist PB190 |
FSTTST |
FST: ↓ immobility time TST: no effect Locomotor activity: NE |
σ1 receptor agonist had no effect on antidepressant-like effects of amantadine |