Increase in CD4 and CD8 T-cell absolute number |
Due to leukocytosis99. Riches JC, Ramsay AG, Gribben JG. T-cell function in chronic
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Inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio in peripheral blood |
CD4 T-cells are more sensitive to FAS mediated cell death2020. Tinhofer I, Marschitz I, Kos M, Henn T, Egle A, Villunger A, et al.
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Elevated expression of FAS |
Increased rates of T-cell apoptosis induced by FASL on CLL B-cells2020. Tinhofer I, Marschitz I, Kos M, Henn T, Egle A, Villunger A, et al.
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Deficiency acquired in CD40L expression |
CLL cells induce downregulation of CD40L on the T-cell surface2222. Cantwell M, Hua T, Pappas J, Kipps TJ. Acquired CD40-ligand
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Expansion of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) |
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Reduction in T-cell receptor repertoire |
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Interleukin-4 secretion |
Induced by interleukin-6secretion of CLL B-cells1717. Reittie JE, Yong KL, Panayiotidis P, Hoffbrand AV. Interleukin-6
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Cytoskeleton changes |
Defective immune synapse2525. Ramsay AG, Johnson AJ, Lee AM, Gorgun G, Le Dieu R, Blum W, et al.
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Alterations in genes involved in CD8 T-cell cytotoxicity |
Inefficient CD8 T-cellcytotoxicity2626. Gorgun G, Holderried TA, Zahrieh D, Neuberg D, Gribben JG. Chronic
lymphocytic leukemia cells induce changes in gene expression of CD4 and CD8 T cells.
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Defective lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1-directed T-cell
motility |
CLL B-cells alter the Rho GTPase signaling2828. Ramsay AG, Evans R, Kiaii S, Svensson L, Hogg N, Gribben JG. Chronic
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Rho GTPase signaling that is reversible with lenalidomide. Blood.
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