Chemical quality of bottled mineral waters from markets of Curitiba-PR-Brazil

Santos, Éder José dos; Oliveira Junior, Dasio Roberto de; Hermann, Amanda Beatriz; Sturgeon, Ralph Edward

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2016160111

Éder José dos Santos ^** Authors for correspondence: eder@tecpar.br

Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - TECPAR - Centro de Tecnologia em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil

Dasio Roberto de Oliveira Junior

Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - TECPAR - Centro de Tecnologia em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil

Amanda Beatriz Hermann

Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - TECPAR - Centro de Tecnologia em Saúde e Meio Ambiente, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil

Ralph Edward Sturgeon

Measurement Science and Standards, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Canada

* Authors for correspondence: eder@tecpar.br

ICP OES		CVG-ICP OES	ICP-MS
Radiofrequency	40 MHz	40 MHz	27.12 MHz
Forward power	1.25 kW	1.2 kW	1.4 kW
Plasma gas flow rate	15.0 L min^-1	15.0 L min^-1	18.0 L min^-1
Auxiliary gas flow rate	1.5 L min^-1	1.5 L min^-1	1.8 L min^-1
Sheath gas flow	----------------	----------------	0.21 L min^-1
Carrier gas flow rate	----------------	120 mL min^-1	----------------
Nebulizer pressure	180 kPa	----------------	----------------
Nebulizer type	Concentric glass K	----------------	----------------
Spray chamber	Standard Axial Varian	Standard Axial Varian	----------------
Replicate read time	15 s with 4 replicates	15 s with 4 replicates	20 s with 8 replicates
Torch type	1.8 mm I.D. alumina injector tube	Quartz for axial view	Quartz
NaBH₄ concentration	----------------	0.3 % (m/v) in 0.4%, m/v, NaOH	----------------
HCl concentration	----------------	5 mol L^-1	----------------
Analytical lines / isotopes (ICP-MS)	Al: 396.152 nm, Ba: 455.403 nm, Cd: 214.439 nm, Cr: 267.716 nm, Cu: 327.395 nm; Fe: 238.204 nm, Li: 610.365 nm, Mn: 257.610 nm, Ni:231.604 nm, Sr: 421.552 nm, V: 292.401 nm, Zn: 213.857 nm	Hg: 252.652 nm	⁷⁵As, ¹²¹Sb, ^206,207,208 Pb and ⁷⁸Se
Collisional gas CRI	----------------	----------------	H₂ ⁽⁷⁸Se)
Internal standard	----------------	----------------	⁸⁹Y, ¹¹⁵In

	Anions	Cations
Column	IonPac(r) AS19 2x250mm	IonPac(r) AS12A 2x250mm
Guard Column	IonPac(r) AG19 2x50mm	IonPac(r) AG12A 2x50mm
Eluent	20 mmol L^-1 KOH	10 mmol L^-1 H₂SO₄
Flow	0.25 mL min^-1	0.25 mL min^-1
Temperature	30°C	30°C
Suppressor	13 mA	15 mA
Detector	Conductivity	Conductivity
Injection loop	10 µL	10 µL
Run time	20 min	20 min

sample	pH	Cond. (µS cm^-1)	HCO₃ ^- (mg L^-1)	F^- (mg L^-1)	Cl^- (mg L^-1)	NO₃ ^- (mg L^-1)	SO₄ ^2- (mg L^-1)	Na⁺ (mg L^-1)	K⁺ (mg L^-1)	Mg²⁺ (mg L^-1)	Ca²⁺ (mg L^-1)	Ba (mg L^-1)	Sr (mg L^-1)	Li (mg L^-1)
01	5.22	153	2.09	0.01	----	----	----	0.2	0.1	0.12	0.27	0.007	0.003	----
02	5.10	10	3.2	0.02	0.15	----	0.3	0.38	1.47	0.07	0.12	----	----	----
03	6.88	111.5	75.35	0.07	0.6	2.8	0.2	6.2	0.2	1.82	17.65	----	0.015	----
04	6.88	111.5	75.35	0.07	0.6	2.8	0.2	6.2	0.2	1.82	17.65	----	0.015	----
05	5.98	83	37.2	0.09	1.94	7.27	0.36	6.592	3.595	1.832	5.346	0.09	0.151	----
06	8.66	108.4	62.49	0.05	<0.09	----	0.18	16.09	1.485	0.34	7.792	----	0.343	----
07	7.60	254	146.62	0.02	0.64	----	----	1.079	0.542	14.29	24.88	----	0.019	----
08	5.45	48	16.8	0.03	0.85	7	0.7	0.98	1.89	1.82	3.73	0.064	0.042	----
09	5.68	31.2	15.59	----	0.34	2	1.4	1.17	1.63	1.54	2.15	0.057	0.022	0.022
10	5.48	130.7	26.28	0.02	6.72	3.47	----	4.01	0.3	6.46	13.05	0.087	0.073	----
11	6.96	157.5	92.7	0.05	2.47	6.4	0.4	8	2.03	5.62	16.94	0.006	0.107	----
12	6.79	211	118.79	0.3	3.38	----	2.34	10.8	2.103	6.359	21.39	0.01	0.154	0.005
13	7.92	233	131.19	0.82	2.54	----	3.45	6.844	2.086	11.16	23.22	----	----	----
14	7.36	303	187.38	0.03	----	----	0.65	1.52	0.87	22.08	36.76	0.024	----	----
15	7.09	264	144.54	0.36	3.82	0.07	12.17	33.68	1.237	0.741	23.82	0.007	0.348	0.013
16	6.83	215	116.21	0.06	3.04	20.14	0.84	7.009	0.958	8.753	25.8	0.005	0.127	----
17	9.17	195.8	92.09	0.19	0.83	10	0.68	33.67	0.598	3.141	9.507	----	0.054	----
18	6.73	267	128.91	0.07	3.31	12.56	2.15	8.042	0.572	10.39	30.83	----	0.075	----
19	7.13	317	205.57	0.02	1.43	2.93	0.2	2.429	0.874	17.72	37.6	0.028	0.019	----
20	7.13	421	296.27	----	1.39	1.82	1.14	1.466	1.156	28.94	49.53	0.044	0.052	----
21	7.47	335	199.63	0.02	----	5.08	0.23	0.919	0.368	21.07	32.5	0.007	----	----
22	5.37	464	282.8	0.12	1.53	1.83	1.79	33.49	32.93	12.38	28.41	0.464	0.049	0.028
23	5.5	780	430	----	22	7.8	33	9.5	<1	4.2	160	----	----	----
24	6	----	1300	1.2	44	----	38	165	10	85	190	----	----	----
25	6.10	2670	2044	1.3	29.4	0.19	----	599	30.6	24.6	101	----	----	----
26	7.6	1125	245	----	52	2.6	430	33.3	2.2	51.4	174	----	2.8	----
27	8	216	103	----	8.5	2.9	22	6.4	0.8	6.2	32	----	----	----

Analyte	Linear correlation coefficients	Limit of detection (µg L^-1)	Limit of quantification (µg L^-1)	expected concentration (µg L^-1)	recovery	RSD, %
Al	0.9998	2	10	10.0	10.0 ± 0.2	2.0
As	0.9997	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.3 ± 0.2	1.9
Ba	0.9999	1	5	10.0	11.0 ± 0.1	0.9
Ca²⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	106 ± 4	4
Cd	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	9.6 ± 0.1	1.0
Cu	0.9996	1	10	10.0	10.1 ± 0.2	2.0
Cr	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	9.8 ± 0.1	1.0
Cl^-	0.9999	30	100	100	101 ± 10	10
F^-	0.9993	1	20	10.0	9.1 ± 0.3	3.3
Fe	0.9999	2	10	10.0	10.5 ± 0.1	1.0
Hg	0.9980	0.04	0.2	1.0	0.9 ± 0.03	3.3
K⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	102 ± 3	3
Li	0.9996	2	10	10.0	11.2 ± 0.2	1.8
Mn	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	10.2 ± 0.2	1.8
Mg²⁺	0.9999	5	100	100	98 ± 2	2
NO₃ ^-	0.9999	5	100	100	89 ± 1	1
NO₂ ^-	0.9999	1	10	10.0	10.2 ± 0.3	2.9
NH₄ ⁺	0.9999	10	30	30.0	33.0 ± 2.1	6.4
Na⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	100 ± 4	4
Ni	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.5 ± 0.3	3.2
Pb	0.9995	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.2 ± 0.2	2.0
Sb	0.9996	0.2	1.0	10.0	11.1 ± 0.3	2.7
Sr	0.9997	1	5	10.0	10.0 ± 0.1	1.0
Se	0.9987	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.1 ± 0.1	1.0
SO₄ ^2-	0.9999	10	100	100	98 ± 2	2.0
V	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.0 ± 0.1	1.1
Zn	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.6 ± 0.3	3.1

sample

pH

Cond. (µS cm^-1)

TDS (mg L^-1)

HCO₃ ^- (mg L^-1)

CO₃ ^2- (mg L^-1)

F^- (mg L^-1)

Cl^- (mg L^-1)

NO₃ ^- (mg L^-1)

NO₂ ^- (mg L^-1)

SO₄ ^2- (mg L^-1)

Na⁺ (mg L^-1)

K⁺ (mg L^-1)

NH₄ ⁺ (mg L^-1)

Mg²⁺ (mg L^-1)

Ca²⁺ (mg L^-1)

Hardness (mg L^-1)

Legislation

------

⁽¹⁾ 0.02 min. ⁽²⁾2.00 max.

------

⁽²⁾ 50 max.

⁽²⁾ 0.02 max.

------

01

6.44 ± 0.17

3.7 ± 0.1

1.8 ± 0.1

6.1 ± 0.1

nd

< 0.02

0.20

< 0,10

< 0.01

< 0.10

0.15

<0.10

< 0.03

0.10

0.15 ± 0.01

0.8

02

6.52 ± 0.20

12.3 ± 0.4

6.1 ± 0.2

nd

0.02

0.15

0.18

< 0.01

1.00

0.68

1.55

< 0.03

<0.10

0.22 ± 0.01

< 0.7

03

7.86 ± 0.08

106.2 ± 1.7

53.1 ± 0.9

63.4 ± 3.5

nd

0.08 ± 0.01

0.56

2.77

< 0.01

0.82 ± 0.01

6.03 ± 0.01

0.19

< 0.03

1.10 ± 0.01

13.67 ± 0.01

38.7

04

7.40 ± 0.06

106.7 ± 1.0

53.3 ± 0.4

69.5 ± 8.9

nd

0.08

0.60 ± 0.01

2.66

< 0.01

0.90

5.94 ± 0.01

0.21 ± 0.01

< 0.03

1.16 ± 0.01

14.35 ± 0.06

40.6

05

6.76 ± 0.11

85.5 ± 2.5

42.8 ± 1.3

48.0 ± 1.8

nd

0.14

1.30 ± 0.01

2.24 ± 0.01

< 0.01

0.43

6.78 ± 0.02

2.78

< 0.03

1.83 ± 0.04

5.81 ± 0.08

22.0

06

8.13 ± 0.04

118.4 ± 1.2

59.1 ± 0.5

75.6 ± 3.5

nd

0.06

< 0.10

0.10

< 0.01

0.17

17.46 ± 0.01

1.71 ± 0.01

< 0.03

0.25

7.77 ± 0.02

20.4

07

7.87 ± 0.02

248.3 ± 4.0

125.8 ± 1.1

167.6 ± 1.8

nd

0.05

0.70

2.64 ± 0.01

< 0.01

0.65

0.98

0.54

< 0.03

16.31 ± 0.06

28.17 ± 0.04

137.5

08

7.29 ± 0.03

51.1 ± 0.1

25.4 ± 0.2

18.4 ± 0.1

nd

0.03

0.98

6.26

< 0.01

0.50

0.89

1.98 ± 0.02

< 0.03

1.81 ± 0.02

3.52 ± 0.04

16.2

09

6.27 ± 0.13

133.2 ± 0.3

16.6 ± 0.1

17.4 ± 1.8

nd

0.03

0.34

2.31

< 0.01

0.15

1.00

1.44

< 0.03

1.40

1.86

10.4

10

7.19 ± 0.03

136.7 ± 0.4

93.4 ± 0.1

12.3 ± 0.2

nd

< 0.02

10.96 ± 0.02

63.05 ± 0.13

< 0.01

< 0.10

7.59 ± 0.01

0.31

< 0.03

5.90 ± 0.02

13.00 ± 0.05

56.8

11

7.92 ± 0.06

161.8 ± 0.5

81.5 ± 0.2

90.0 ± 3.5

nd

0.08

2.31

5.44 ± 0.01

< 0.01

0.24

7.21

1.87

< 0.03

5.01 ± 0.03

15.98 ± 0.10

60.5

12

7.21 ± 0.04

202.9 ± 3.8

101.6 ± 1.5

117.6 ± 1.8

nd

0.25

3.26

0.44

< 0.01

1.78 ± 0.03

10.32 ± 0.01

2.45

< 0.03

5.70 ± 0.01

20.50 ± 0.30

74.7

13

8.00 ± 0.02

181.9 ± 0.6

91.5 ± 0.2

110.4 ± 1.0

nd

0.10

1.78

2.53 ± 0.01

< 0.01

1.04 ± 0.02

5.07 ± 0.01

1.26 ± 0.01

< 0.03

7.78 ± 0.05

18.47 ± 0.07

78.2

14

8.49 ± 0.01

295.3 ± 1.2

148.9 ± 0.4

190.1 ± 6.1

3.0

0.04

1.61 ± 0.01

4.56 ± 0.01

0.01

0.88 ± 0.01

1.37 ± 0.01

0.86

< 0.03

18.33 ± 0.01

32.56 ± 0.03

156.8

15

8.11 ± 0.03

233.7 ± 0.6

116.4 ± 0.4

124.7 ± 3.5

nd

0.38

2.61 ± 0.01

< 0.10

< 0.01

12.06 ± 0.03

33.30 ± 0.07

1.20 ± 0.09

< 0.03

0.44

16.17 ± 0.09

42.2

16

7.80 ± 0.02

234.0 ± 2.0

117.0 ± 1.1

121.6 ± 1.8

nd

0.05

3.39 ± 0.01

20.68 ± 0.02

0.04

0.70

7.28

0.91

< 0.03

8.49 ± 0.10

26.38 ± 0.02

100.8

17

8.79 ± 0.03

217.0 ± 1.0

107.8 ± 0.3

128.8 ± 0.8

3.0

0.22

0.64

2.88

< 0.01

0.54

35.71 ± 0.06

0.46

< 0.03

2.53 ± 0.01

8.83 ± 0.02

32.5

18

8.18 ± 0.05

284.7 ± 1.5

143.1 ± 0.5

159.5 ± 6.1

nd

0.06

3.84 ± 0.02

16.39 ± 0.08

< 0.01

2.16 ± 0.02

8.90 ± 0.01

0.62 ± 0.01

< 0.03

9.89

32.68 ± 0.13

122.3

19

8.44 ± 0,05

333.7 ± 0.6

166.3 ± 0.3

218.8 ± 3.5

3.0

0.03

1.40 ± 0.01

3.18 ± 0.02

0.01

0.19

2.19 ± 0.01

0.86 ± 0.01

< 0.03

20.52 ± 0.03

37.12 ± 0.13

177.2

20

8.19 ± 0.03

360.0 ± 4.6

180.2 ± 2.2

256.6 ± 1.8

nd

0.04

0.90 ± 0.01

1.02 ± 0.01

< 0.01

0.68 ± 0.01

1.61

0.83

< 0.03

26.14 ± 0.05

41.17 ± 0.08

210.5

21

7.76 ± 0.06

326.3 ± 7.4

163.2 ± 3.6

228.0 ± 4.7

nd

< 0.02

1.74

5.53 ± 0.03

0.01

0.25 ± 0.01

1.18 ± 0.01

0.37

< 0.03

21.41 ± 0.03

37.78 ± 0.08

182.5

22

7.44 ± 0.02

492.0 ± 0.6

247.0 ± 1.1

325.1 ± 3.5

nd

0.16 ± 0.01

1.56 ± 0.01

1.74 ± 0.02

< 0.01

1.91 ± 0.01

38.27 ± 0.18

38.24 ± 0.16

< 0.03

13.29 ± 0.19

32.28 ± 0.16

135.4

23

5.53 ± 0.01

718.0 ± 5.0

360.2 ± 2.0

398.7 ± 2.0

nd

0.11 ± 0.01

20.80 ± 0.06

5.26 ± 0.10

< 0.01

29.10 ± 0.11

11.18 ± 0.02

0.89 ± 0.06

< 0.03

3.61 ± 0.01

157.37 ± 0.34

407.9

24

8.89 ± 0.05

1129 ± 8

566.4 ± 1.6

708.4 ± 1.1

30.2

1.22 ± 0.04

51.19 ± 0.10

2.81 ± 0.08

< 0.01

25.73 ± 0.06

174.28 ± 0.04

12.03 ± 0.08

< 0.03

84.34 ± 0.22

170.69 ± 0.16

773.6

25

6.42 ± 0.03

2620 ± 10

1308 ± 5

1294.1± 2.5

nd

0.56 ± 0.01

25.79 ± 0.01

< 0.10

< 0.01

4.17 ± 0.01

553.12 ± 0.74

30.51 ± 0.27

< 0.03

22.02 ± 0.88

139.88 ± 2.32

440.0

26

5.46 ± 0.02

1110 ± 11

551.0 ± 1.6

220.8 ± 1.1

nd

0.58 ± 0.03

50.86 ± 0.48

3.24 ± 0.14

< 0.01

420.71 ± 2.77

33.79 ± 0.05

2.37 ± 0.04

< 0.03

47.79 ± 0.90

173.44 ± 2.77

629.9

27

8.25 ± 0.03

245.0 ± 3.6

124.5 ± 2.5

104.3 ± 2.0

nd

0.04

6.89 ± 0.03

3.10 ± 0.01

< 0.01

20.85 ± 0.06

7.90 ± 0.01

0.84

< 0.03

6.22 ± 0.06

30.68 ± 0.03

102.2

sample	Al (µg L^-1)	As (µg L^-1)	Ba (µg L^-1)	Cd (µg L^-1)	Cr (µg L^-1)	Cu (µg L^-1)	Fe (µg L^-1)	Hg (µg L^-1)	Li (µg L^-1)	Mn (µg L^-1)	Ni (µg L^-1)	Pb (µg L^-1)	Sb (µg L^-1)	Se (µg L^-1)	Sr (µg L^-1)	V (µg L^-1)	Zn (µg L^-1)
Legislation	⁽²⁾ 200 max	⁽²⁾ 10 max.	⁽²⁾ 700 max.	⁽²⁾ 3 max.	⁽²⁾ 50 max.	⁽²⁾ 1000 max.	------	⁽²⁾1.0 max.	⁽¹⁾10 min.	⁽²⁾ 500 max.	⁽²⁾ 20 max.	⁽²⁾ 10 max.	⁽²⁾ 5 max.	⁽¹⁾ 6 min. ⁽²⁾ 10 max.	------	⁽¹⁾30 min.	⁽³⁾500 max.
01	< 10	< 1.0	5	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	1.9 ± 0.1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	< 10	< 10
02	< 10	< 1.0	58± 3	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	1.1 ± 0.1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	< 10	< 10
03	< 10	< 1.0	< 1	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	10 ± 1	< 10
04	< 10	< 1.0	< 1	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	10 ± 1	< 10
05	< 10	< 1.0	76 ± 5	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	137 ± 5	< 10	< 10
06	< 10	< 1.0	1	< 1.0	4.9 ± 0.1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	333 ± 10	< 10	< 10
07	< 10	< 1.0	16± 1	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	< 10	< 10
08	< 10	< 1.0	80 ± 4	< 1.0	1.9 ± 0.1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	8.9 ± 0.2	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	33 ± 2	< 10	< 10
09	< 10	< 1.0	63 ± 2	< 1.0	<1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	2.0 ± 0.1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	7	< 10	< 10
10	< 10	< 1.0	100 ± 5	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	4.3 ± 0.2	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	56 ± 5	< 10	14 ± 1
11	< 10	< 1.0	7	< 1.0	2.3 ± 0.1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	86 ± 3	21 ± 1	< 10
12	< 10	< 1.0	19 ± 1	< 1.0	<1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	128 ± 12	< 10	< 10
13	< 10	< 1.0	75 ± 2	< 1.0	1.5 ± 0.1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	2.1 ± 0.1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	100 ± 4	< 10	22 ± 1
14	< 10	< 1.0	22 ± 1	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	< 10	< 10
15	< 10	1.1± 0.1	6	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	316 ± 13	< 10	< 10
16	< 10	< 1.0	3	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	2.3 ± 0.2	< 1.0	121 ± 8	19 ± 1	< 10
17	< 10	2.4 ± 0.1	1	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	3.4 ± 0.2	30 ± 5	150 ± 5	< 10
18	< 10	< 1.0	1	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	62 ± 5	24 ± 2	< 10
19	< 10	< 1.0	34 ± 2	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	< 10	< 10
20	< 10	< 1.0	37 ± 4	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	25 ± 2	< 10	< 10
21	< 10	< 1.0	9	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 5	< 10	< 10
22	20± 0.2	< 1.0	386 ± 5	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	10 ± 1	1.1 ± 0.1	< 10	< 1.0	1.0 ± 0.1	< 1.0	35 ± 1	< 10	< 10
23	13± 0.5	< 1.0	26 ± 1	< 1.0	1.3 ± 0.1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	1.5 ± 0.1	600 ± 15	10 ± 1	< 10
24	10± 0.1	6.1± 0.2	2	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	387 ± 8	0.9	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	6.4 ± 0.3	1127 ± 20	10 ± 1	< 10
25	30 ± 1	1.4 ± 0.1	2	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	< 10	< 0.2	863± 10	155.6 ± 5	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	959 ± 12	10 ± 1	< 10
26	14 ± 0.1	2.4 ± 0.1	15 ± 1	< 1.0	1.3 ± 0.1	< 10	10 ± 1	< 0.2	57 ± 5	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	< 1.0	2364 ± 18	11 ± 1	< 10
27	10 ± 0.3	< 1.0	74 ± 1	< 1.0	< 1	< 10	21 ± 1	< 0.2	< 10	< 1	< 10	< 1.0	< 1.0	1.2 ± 0.1	246 ± 5	< 10	37 ± 2

ICP OES		CVG-ICP OES	ICP-MS
Radiofrequency	40 MHz	40 MHz	27.12 MHz
Forward power	1.25 kW	1.2 kW	1.4 kW
Plasma gasflow rate	15.0 L min^-1	15.0 L min^-1	18.0 L min^-1
Auxiliarygasflow rate	1.5 L min^-1	1.5 L min^-1	1.8 L min^-1
Sheathgasflow	----------------	----------------	0.21 L min^-1
Carrier gas flow rate	----------------	120 mL min^-1	----------------
Nebulizerpressure	180 kPa	----------------	----------------
Nebulizertype	Concentricglass K	----------------	----------------
Spray chamber	Standard Axial Varian	Standard Axial Varian	----------------
Replicateread time	15 s with 4 replicates	15 s with 4 replicates	20 s with 8 replicates
Torchtype	1.8 mm I.D. alumina injector tube	Quartz for axial view	Quartz
NaBH₄ concentration	----------------	0.3 % (m/v) in 0.4%, m/v, NaOH	----------------
HCl concentration	----------------	5 mol L^-1	----------------
Analytical lines / isotopes (ICP-MS)	Al: 396.152 nm, Ba: 455.403 nm, Cd: 214.439 nm, Cr: 267.716 nm, Cu: 327.395 nm; Fe: 238.204 nm, Li: 610.365 nm, Mn: 257.610 nm, Ni:231.604 nm, Sr: 421.552 nm, V: 292.401 nm, Zn: 213.857 nm	Hg: 252.652 nm	⁷⁵As, ¹²¹Sb, ^206,207,208Pb and⁷⁸Se
Collisionalgas CRI	----------------	----------------	H₂ ⁽⁷⁸Se)
Internal standard	----------------	----------------	⁸⁹Y, ¹¹⁵In

ICP OES		CVG-ICP OES	ICP-MS
Radiofrequency	40 MHz	40 MHz	27.12 MHz
Forward power	1.25 kW	1.2 kW	1.4 kW
Plasma gas flow rate	15.0 L min^-1	15.0 L min^-1	18.0 L min^-1
Auxiliary gas flow rate	1.5 L min^-1	1.5 L min^-1	1.8 L min^-1
Sheath gas flow	----------------	----------------	0.21 L min^-1
Carrier gas flow rate	----------------	120 mL min^-1	----------------
Nebulizer pressure	180 kPa	----------------	----------------
Nebulizer type	Concentric glass K	----------------	----------------
Spray chamber	Standard Axial Varian	Standard Axial Varian	----------------
Replicate read time	15 s with 4 replicates	15 s with 4 replicates	20 s with 8 replicates
Torch type	1.8 mm I.D. alumina injector tube	Quartz for axial view	Quartz
NaBH₄ concentration	----------------	0.3 % (m/v) in 0.4%, m/v, NaOH	----------------
HCl concentration	----------------	5 mol L^-1	----------------
Analytical lines / isotopes (ICP-MS)	Al: 396.152 nm, Ba: 455.403 nm, Cd: 214.439 nm, Cr: 267.716 nm, Cu: 327.395 nm; Fe: 238.204 nm, Li: 610.365 nm, Mn: 257.610 nm, Ni:231.604 nm, Sr: 421.552 nm, V: 292.401 nm, Zn: 213.857 nm	Hg: 252.652 nm	⁷⁵As, ¹²¹Sb, ^206,207,208Pb and ⁷⁸Se
Collisional gas CRI	----------------	----------------	H₂ ⁽⁷⁸Se)
Internal standard	----------------	----------------	⁸⁹Y, ¹¹⁵In

Analyte	Linear correlationcoefficients	Limit of detection (µg L^-1)	Limit of quantification (µg L^-1)	expected concentration (µg L^-1)	recovery	RSD, %
Al	0.9998	2	10	10.0	10.0 ± 0.2	2.0
As	0.9997	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.3 ± 0.2	1.9
Ba	0.9999	1	5	10.0	11.0 ± 0.1	0.9
Ca²⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	106 ± 4	4
Cd	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	9.6 ± 0.1	1.0
Cu	0.9996	1	10	10.0	10.1 ± 0.2	2.0
Cr	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	9.8 ± 0.1	1.0
Cl^-	0.9999	30	100	100	101 ± 10	10
F^-	0.9993	1	20	10.0	9.1 ± 0.3	3.3
Fe	0.9999	2	10	10.0	10.5 ± 0.1	1.0
Hg	0.9980	0.04	0.2	1.0	0.9 ± 0.03	3.3
K⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	102 ± 3	3
Li	0.9996	2	10	10.0	11.2 ± 0.2	1.8
Mn	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	10.2 ± 0.2	1.8
Mg²⁺	0.9999	5	100	100	98 ± 2	2
NO₃ ^-	0.9999	5	100	100	89 ± 1	1
NO₂ ^-	0.9999	1	10	10.0	10.2 ± 0.3	2.9
NH₄ ⁺	0.9999	10	30	30.0	33.0 ± 2.1	6.4
Na⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	100 ± 4	4
Ni	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.5 ± 0.3	3.2
Pb	0.9995	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.2 ± 0.2	2.0
Sb	0.9996	0.2	1.0	10.0	11.1 ± 0.3	2.7
Sr	0.9997	1	5	10.0	10.0 ± 0.1	1.0
Se	0.9987	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.1 ± 0.1	1.0
SO₄ ^2-	0.9999	10	100	100	98 ± 2	2.0
V	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.0 ± 0.1	1.1
Zn	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.6 ± 0.3	3.1

Analyte	Linear correlation coefficients	Limit of detection (µg L^-1)	Limit of quantification (µg L^-1)	expected concentration (µg L^-1)	recovery	RSD, %
Al	0.9998	2	10	10.0	10.0 ± 0.2	2.0
As	0.9997	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.3 ± 0.2	1.9
Ba	0.9999	1	5	10.0	11.0 ± 0.1	0.9
Ca²⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	106 ± 4	4
Cd	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	9.6 ± 0.1	1.0
Cu	0.9996	1	10	10.0	10.1 ± 0.2	2.0
Cr	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	9.8 ± 0.1	1.0
Cl^-	0.9999	30	100	100	101 ± 10	10
F^-	0.9993	1	20	10.0	9.1 ± 0.3	3.3
Fe	0.9999	2	10	10.0	10.5 ± 0.1	1.0
Hg	0.9980	0.04	0.2	1.0	0.9 ± 0.03	3.3
K⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	102 ± 3	3
Li	0.9996	2	10	10.0	11.2 ± 0.2	1.8
Mn	0.9999	0.2	1.0	10.0	10.2 ± 0.2	1.8
Mg²⁺	0.9999	5	100	100	98 ± 2	2
NO₃ ^-	0.9999	5	100	100	89 ± 1	1
NO₂ ^-	0.9999	1	10	10.0	10.2 ± 0.3	2.9
NH₄ ⁺	0.9999	10	30	30.0	33.0 ± 2.1	6.4
Na⁺	0.9999	10	100	100	100 ± 4	4
Ni	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.5 ± 0.3	3.2
Pb	0.9995	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.2 ± 0.2	2.0
Sb	0.9996	0.2	1.0	10.0	11.1 ± 0.3	2.7
Sr	0.9997	1	5	10.0	10.0 ± 0.1	1.0
Se	0.9987	0.1	1.0	10.0	10.1 ± 0.1	1.0
SO₄ ^2-	0.9999	10	100	100	98 ± 2	2.0
V	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.0 ± 0.1	1.1
Zn	0.9999	2	10	10.0	9.6 ± 0.3	3.1

[1] * Authors for correspondence: eder@tecpar.br

Brasil

Brasil

Chemical quality of bottled mineral waters from markets of Curitiba-PR-Brazil

ABSTRACT