Aeshna brasiliensis (holotype <IMG SRC="http:/img/fbpe/ne/v31n3/a05img01.gif"> Rio Grande do Sul: Rio Tainha, 29º 26'60'' S 50º 34'60'' W, 900 m, MNRJ; allotype <IMG SRC="http:/img/fbpe/ne/v31n3/a05img02.gif"> Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, Represa do Planalto de Itatiaia, 22º 30'00"S 44º 40'00"W, 2200 m, MNRJ; nine males and 16 female paratypes) is described and illustrated from 10 males and 17 females from southeastern Brazil. The last larval instar is redescribed and diagnostic characters are illustrated. A. brasiliensis resembles A. variegata and A. peralta in the color pattern of head and abdomen, but differs from them in the thoracic color pattern and shape of cerci, from A. variegata in the shape of anterior lamina spines, and from A. peralta by its larger size and shape of male cerci. The larvae uniquely differ from all the other known Brazilian congeners by lacking lateral spines on abdominal segment VI.
Insecta; Aeshna peralta; A. variegata
