Pruning as a strategy to improve the nutritional value of the aerial parts of industry- purpose cassava clones

FERNANDES, Francisco Duarte; GUIMARÃES JÚNIOR, Roberto; VIEIRA, Eduardo Alano; FIALHO, Josefino de Freitas; MALAQUIAS, Juaci Vitória

doi:10.1590/S1519-99402121082020

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Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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Animal Nutrition • Rev. bras. saúde prod. anim. 21 • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-99402121082020 copy

Pruning as a strategy to improve the nutritional value of the aerial parts of industry- purpose cassava clones

Poda como estratégia para melhorar o valor nutricional da parte aérea de clones de mandioca de indústria

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to assess the influence of pruning on the starch yield and nutritional value of the aerial parts of industry- purpose cassava clones adapted to the Cerrado region of Central Brazil. Four elite clones were submitted to either total shoot pruning or no pruning at 12 months after planting, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plants were evaluated eighteen months after planting. Clone 330/09 presented the highest root yield with and without pruning, and also higher starch yield, green and dry mass yields, and crude protein yield of aerial parts without pruning. In plants that were pruned, clones 117/09 and 359/09 stood out, with higher yields of the crude protein content of the aerial part and a higher in vitro digestibility of the dry matter. These clones are therefore an option when using the aerial parts of cassava in animal feed. Total pruning at 12 months of age significantly increased the crude protein content and in vitro digestibility of the dry matter of the aerial parts, improving its nutritional value. Pruning did, however, reduce the starch yield of the roots and the total yields of the roots and aerial parts.

Keywords:
Manihot esculenta Crantz; animal feed; digestibility; cassava meal; starch

FV	DF	Mean squares
FV	DF	RY^* * RY = root yield; RSY = root starch yield; GMY = green mass yield of aerial part; DMY = dry mass yield of aerial part; CPY = crude protein yield of aerial part; RS = root starch; MS = shoot dry matter; CP = crude protein; NDF = neutral detergent fiber of the aerial part; ADF = acid detergent fiber of the aerial part; IVDDM = In vitro digestibility of dry matter of the aerial part.	RSY	GMY	DMY	CPY	RS	DM	CP	NDF	ADF	IVDDM
C	3	717^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	69^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	631^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	36^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	0,3^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	17^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	37^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	86^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	198^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	166^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	99^ p < 0.05 by the F test.
MS	1	937^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	244^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	7138^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	757^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	2,4^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	207^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	321^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	661^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	620^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	468^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	207^ p < 0.05 by the F test.
C x MS	3	42^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	14^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	258^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	20^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	0,1^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	11^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	3	15^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	74^ p < 0.05 by the F test.	6	9
Residual	14	2	0,4	5	1	0,01	0,6	1	1	6	5	1
Total	23	-	-	-	-	-		-	-	-	-	-
CV (%)		3.7	5.4	7.3	8.8	10.7	2.4	3.51	8.97	3.92	6.5	6.5

Factor	DF	RY^* * RY = root yield; RSY = root starch yield; GMY = green mass yield of aerial part; DMY = dry mass yield of aerial part; CPY = crude protein yield of the aerial part; RS = root starch; CP = crude protein of aerial part; NDF = neutral detergent fiber of the aerial part.	RSY	GMY	DMY	CPY	RS	CP	NDF
Management system	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Clones	3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Clones with pruning	3	0	0	0	0.03	0.09	0	0	0
Clones without pruning	3	0	0	0	0	0	0.02	0	0.01
Treatments within clone 117/9	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Treatments within clone 330/09	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.01
Treatments within clone 359/09	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Treatments within clone 09	1	0	0	0	0	0.01	0	0	0.04
Residual	14	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Total	23	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-

Clone	RY^* * RY = root yield; RSY = root starch yield; GMY = green mass yield of aerial parts; DMY = dry mass yield of aerial parts; CPY = crude protein yield of the aerial parts.		RSY		GMY		DMY		CPY
Clone	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP
Clone 09	38.4 Bb^ Means followed by the same uppercase horizontally and lowercase vertically do not differ from each other, at 5 % significance, by the Tukey test.	50.6 Ab	10.8 Ba	17.8 Ab	15.4 Ba	45.0 Ab	3.4 Ba	12.6 Ab	0.4 Ba	0.7 Ac
Clone 117/09	19.3 Bd	33.9 Ac	5.4 Bb	11.2 Ad	8.3 Bb	36.4 Ac	2.1 Ba	12.3 Ab	0.5 Ba	1.2 Ab
Clone 330/09	42.4 Ba	60.3 Aa	11.1 Ba	21.1 Aa	17.1 Ba	71.2 Aa	3.8 Ba	20.4 Aa	0.6 Ba	1.6 Aa
Clone 359/09	31.5 Bc	36.9 Ac	10.4 Ba	13.1 Ac	9.4 Bb	35.5 Ac	2.1 Ba	11.1 Ab	0.5 Ba	1.1 Ab
Means	32.9 B	45.4 A	9.4 B	15.8 A	12.6 B	47.1 A	2.8 B	14.1 A	0.5 B	1.1 A

Clone	RS^* * RS = root starch; DM = dry matter of aerial part; CP = crude protein of aerial part; NDF = neutral detergent fiber of the aerial part; ADF = acid detergent fiber of the aerial part; IVDDM = In vitro digestibility of dry matter of the aerial part.		DM		CP		NDF		ADF		IVDDM
Clone	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP	P	WP
Clone 9	28.0 Bb^ ***** Means followed by the same uppercase horizontally and lowercase vertically belong to the same group, at 5 % significance, by the Tukey test.	35.1 Aab	22.1 Bc	27.9 Ac	12.4 Ac	5.3 Bb	65.9 Aa	70.4 Aa	46.0 Ba	53.0 Aa	37.1 Ab	31.9 Bb
Clone 117/09	27.9 Bb	33.1 Ab	25.5 Ba	33.8 Aa	22.0 Aa	9.7 Ba	51.7 Ab	62.3 Ab	35.9 Bb	43.7 Ab	44.9 Aa	41.4 Aa
Clone 330/09	26.2 Bc	35.0 Aab	22.0 B	28.6 Ac	16.4 Ab	7.7 Bab	61.7 Aa	67.4 Aab	42.4 Ba	51.2 Aa	42.0 Ab	32.7 Bb
Clone 359/09	32.9 Ba	35.4 Aa	22.7 Bb	31.3 Ab	24.1 Aa	10.3 Ba	46.5 Ab	66.4 Aab	32.7 Bb	46.7 Ab	44.8 Aa	38.1 Ba
Means	28.8 B	34.6 A	23.1 B	30.4 A	18.7 A	8.2 B	56.5 B	66.6 A	39.3 B	48.6 A	42.2 A	36.0 B

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