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Original Article • J. Vasc. Bras. 16 (02) • Apr-Jun 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1677-5449.008016 copy

Vascular ultrasonographic measurement of diameters of great saphenous veins without reflux in women

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Background

Vascular ultrasonography (VU) is the examination of choice for studying the superficial venous system of the lower limbs and using VU to measure the diameters of saphenous veins could provide parameters for planning surgery.

Objectives

To employ VU to identify the diameters of great saphenous veins free from reflux in women and determine their relationships with age, height, CEAP classification, and body mass index (BMI).

Methods

This was a cross-sectional study in women with symptoms of primary chronic venous insufficiency (CEAP C0, 1, or 2) with no previous varicose vein surgery and no reflux detected by VU. The diameters of great saphenous veins (GSV) at the junction, thigh, and leg were measured with VU and correlated with age, height, CEAP clinical classification, and BMI.

Results

We assessed 204 limbs in 146 women. The GSV diameters measured were 6.5 mm at the saphenofemoral junction, 4.0 mm at the proximal thigh, 3.0 mm at the mid thigh, distal thigh, and knee and 2.5 mm at the leg. In all segments measured, there were statistically significant differences (p<0.05) when diameters were correlated with BMI. There were no statistically significant differences when diameters were correlated with CEAP class, height, or age.

Conclusions

We observed that the diameters of great saphenous veins free from reflux were independent of CEAP clinical classes 0/1 or 2; age; and height. However, GSV diameters were significantly related to patients’ BMI.

Keywords:
saphenous vein; ultrasonography; women

Variable	n	Mean	Median	Minimum	Maximum	Standard deviation
Age (years)	146	45.3	44.5	21.0	79.0	13.6
Weight (kg)	146	67.1	65.0	45.0	107.0	11.5
Height (cm)	146	1.62	1.61	1.49	1.79	0.06
BMI (kg/m²)	146	25.6	24.9	17.5	39.5	4.4

Segment	n	Mean	Standard deviation	Median	Minimum	Maximum	1st quartile	3rd quartile
SFJ	204	6.59	1.36	6.55	3.50	10.20	5.70	7.50
Proximal thigh	204	4.22	1.02	4.10	2.00	7.50	3.50	4.80
Mid thigh	204	3.36	0.73	3.30	1.90	5.60	2.80	3.85
Distal thigh	204	3.13	0.74	3.00	1.60	5.80	2.60	3.60
Knee	204	3.03	0.71	2.95	1.50	5.30	2.50	3.50
Proximal leg	204	2.56	0.61	2.50	1.20	4.40	2.10	3.00
Mid leg	204	2.43	0.56	2.40	1.00	4.10	2.00	2.90
Distal leg	204	2.52	0.57	2.50	1.20	4.10	2.20	2.90

Segment	CEAP classification	n	Mean	Median	Minimum	Maximum	Standard deviation	p ^* * Student’s t test for independent samples, p < 0.05. SFJ = saphenofemoral junction.
SFJ	0 or 1	169	6.52	6.50	3.50	10.20	1.32
	2	35	6.94	6.90	4.00	9.50	1.48	0.094
Proximal thigh	0 or 1	169	4.18	4.10	2.00	7.10	1.02
	2	35	4.43	4.40	2.50	7.50	1.01	0.190
Mid thigh	0 or 1	169	3.32	3.30	1.90	5.00	0.70
	2	35	3.54	3.30	2.20	5.60	0.85	0.110
Distal thigh	0 or 1	169	3.11	3.00	1.60	5.80	0.71
	2	35	3.23	3.10	1.80	5.50	0.84	0.414
Knee	0 or 1	169	2.99	2.90	1.50	5.00	0.69
	2	35	3.19	3.00	1.60	5.30	0.77	0.136
Proximal leg	0 or 1	169	2.52	2.50	1.30	4.30	0.60
	2	35	2.77	2.90	1.20	4.40	0.61	0.024
Mid leg	0 or 1	169	2.40	2.40	1.20	3.80	0.54
	2	35	2.56	2.60	1.00	4.10	0.61	0.121
Distal leg	0 or 1	169	2.50	2.40	1.20	4.10	0.57
	2	35	2.63	2.60	1.20	4.00	0.58	0.193

Variables	n	Pearson’s correlation coefficient	p
BMI x SFJ	146	0.34	< 0.001
BMI x proximal thigh	146	0.38	< 0.001
BMI x mid thigh	146	0.26	0.001
BMI x distal thigh	146	0.23	0.005
BMI x knee	146	0.25	0.002
BMI x proximal leg	146	0.30	< 0.001
BMI x mid leg	146	0.28	0.001
BMI x distal leg	146	0.23	0.004

Segment	BMI	n	Mean	Median	Minimum	Maximum	Standard deviation	p ^* * Student’s t test for independent samples, p < 0.05. BMI = body mass index, SFJ = saphenofemoral junction.
SFJ	< 25	75	6.26	6.20	3.50	9.70	1.27
	≥ 25	71	6.99	7.00	4.20	10.20	1.30	0.001
Proximal thigh	< 25	75	3.99	4.00	2.15	7.50	0.91
	≥ 25	71	4.53	4.55	2.65	6.70	1.01	0.001
Mid thigh	< 25	75	3.25	3.20	1.90	5.00	0.68
	≥ 25	71	3.50	3.50	2.30	5.00	0.69	0.027
Distal thigh	< 25	75	3.06	3.00	1.75	5.80	0.77
	≥ 25	71	3.24	3.30	2.00	4.40	0.62	0.128
Knee	< 25	75	2.94	2.80	1.60	5.30	0.75
	≥ 25	71	3.15	3.10	2.00	4.60	0.57	0.060
Proximal leg	< 25	75	2.44	2.40	1.20	3.80	0.61
	≥ 25	71	2.74	2.70	1.40	4.40	0.57	0.002
Mid leg	< 25	75	2.33	2.30	1.00	3.50	0.51
	≥ 25	71	2.59	2.70	1.30	3.80	0.53	0.003
Distal leg	< 25	75	2.42	2.40	1.20	3.60	0.54
	≥ 25	71	2.66	2.65	1.60	4.10	0.57	0.011

Variables	n	Pearson’s correlation coefficients	p
Age x SFJ	146	0.16	0.059
Age x proximal thigh	146	0.13	0.127
Age x mid thigh	146	0.09	0.297
Age x distal thigh	146	0.05	0.578
Age x knee	146	-0.01	0.940
Age x proximal leg	146	0.13	0.130
Age x mid leg	146	0.17	0.045
Age x distal leg	146	0.13	0.111

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