Long-term cytotoxic effects of contemporary root canal sealers

Fibroblasts (3T3, 1×10⁵ cells per well) were incubated with elutes of fresh specimens from eight root canal sealers (AH Plus, Epiphany, Endomethasone N, EndoREZ, MTA Fillapex, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, RoekoSeal and Sealapex) and with elutes of the same specimens for 5 succeeding weeks after immersing in simulated body fluid. The cytotoxicity of all root canal sealers was determined using the MTT assay. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test.

Results

RoekoSeal was the only sealer that did not show any cytotoxic effects (p<0.05). All the other tested sealers exhibited severe toxicity initially (week 0). MTA Fillapex remained moderately cytotoxic after the end of experimental period. Toxicity of the other tested sealers decreased gradually over time. The evaluated root canal sealers presented varying degrees of cytotoxicity, mainly in fresh mode.

Conclusions

RoekoSeal had no cytotoxic effect both freshly mixed and in the other tested time points. MTA Fillapex was associated with significantly less cell viability when compared to the other tested root canal sealers.

Cell survival; Cultured cells; Fibroblasts; Root canal sealants

Materials	Fresh	Week 1	Week 2	Week 3	Week 4	Week 5
Control	100^A,1	100^A,1	100^A,1	100^A,1	100^A,1	100^A,1
AH Plus	33.9^D,3(±4.6)	67.0^C,2(±5.3)	91.7^AB,1(±5.3)	95.4^A,1(±8.2)	95.8^A,1(±6.0)	99.1^A,1(±6.3)
Endomethasone N	48.2^C,2(±3.8)	95.1^AB,1(±6.4)	96.4^A,1(±6.3)	100.4^A,1(±15.4)	100.0^A,1(±9.3)	100.3^A,1(±7.6)
EndoREZ	12.4^E,4(±5.7)	44.8^D,3(±7.9)	73.0^C,2(±12.3)	78.1^B,2(±13.6)	84.9^AB,1(±10.9)	93.5^A,1(±13.2)
Epiphany	7.5^E,5(±4.4)	36.8^D,4(±2.5)	52.1^D,3(±8.7)	66.7^B,2(±12.4)	70.8^B,2(±9.6)	91.3^A,1(±12.6)
MTA Fillapex	5.0^E,4(±3.4)	13.4^E,3(±4.7)	15.3^E,3(±1.0)	19.7^C,3(±4.3)	34.0^C,2(±5.9)	57.3^B,1(±13.4)
Pulp Canal Sealer EWT	47.3^C,2(±3.7)	92.4A^B,1(±11.3)	97.7^A,1(±12.2)	100.5^A,1(±12.9)	100.1^A,1(±13.6)	100.3^A,1(±13.4)
RoekoSeal	93.7^A,1(±10.1)	97.3^A,1(±7.0)	100.7^A,1(±4.0)	99.1^A,1(±5.5)	100.4^A,1(±12.0)	100.2^A,1(±11.9)
Sealapex	66.0^B,3(±9.7)	85.4^B,2(±3.5)	82.7^BC,2(±3.4)	90.5^AB,1(±4.2)	93.6^A,1(±11.8)	98.9^A,1(±9.8)

Faculdade De Odontologia De Bauru - USP Serviço de Biblioteca e Documentação FOB-USP, Al. Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, 17012-901 Bauru SP Brasil, Tel.: +55 14 32358373 - Bauru - SP - Brazil
E-mail: jaos@usp.br

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[1] Corresponding address: Dr. Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da Silva - Rua Herotides de Oliveira, 61/902 - Niterói - RJ - Brasil - 24230230 - e-mail: nogueiraemmanuel@hotmail.com - Phone: (55) 21 83575757 - Fax: (55) 21 26108439