Endovascular revascularization of TASC C and D femoropopliteal occlusive disease using carbon dioxide as contrast

ABSTRACT

Objective

To analyze the results of ten angioplasties of TASC C and D femoropopliteal lesions using CO₂ as primary contrast in patients with no formal contraindication to iodine, aiming to decrease allergic reactions and potential nephrotoxicity in high-risk patients.

Methods

We describe the results of ten angioplasties of TASC C and D femoropopliteal lesions using CO₂ as primary contrast in patients with high risk for open revascularization and no formal contraindication to iodine. We analyzed feasibility of the procedures, complications, quality of the angiographic images, clinical and surgical outcomes, and costs of C and D lesions treated using CO₂ as contrast medium.

Results

The use of CO₂ in C and D lesions needed iodine complementation in most of the cases (nine cases) but decreased the potential nephrotoxicity of iodine contrast medium by the reduction of its volume in this group of high-risk patients. The extension of the arterial lesions was the factor that most contributed to the need for iodine supplementation due to the difficulty to visualize the refill after a long arterial occlusion.

Conclusion

The use of CO₂ as contrast in patients with C and D lesions with no restriction for iodine contrast medium was an alternative that did not dismiss the need of iodine supplementation in most of the cases, but could decrease the potential nephrotoxicity of iodine constrast medium.

Angioplasty; Renal insufficiency; Peripheral arterial disease; Carbon dioxide; Endovascular procedures