FIGURE 1 |
Corydoras areio, holotype, MCP 28675 (ex-ZMB 33113), 48.8 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso, tributaries of the córrego Areia. Dorsal (top), lateral (middle) and ventral (bottom) views. Photo by Diogo Araújo.
FIGURE 2 |
Lateral view of the head of cleared-and-stained specimens of (A) Corydoras areio, ZUFMS-PIS 1314, 38.7 mm SL, and (B) Corydoras aurofrenatus, NUP 16191, 41.6 mm SL. The black lines represent the limits of the bones. Yellow arrows indicate additional pore on the sphenotic bone. Abbreviations: cpt: compound pterotic. Scale bars = 1.0 mm, io1: infraorbital 1, io2: infraorbital 2, ioc: infraorbital canal, iop: interopercle; op: opercle, pop: preopercle, sph: sphenotic.
FIGURE 3 |
Pectoral-fin spine of cleared-and-stained specimens of Corydoras areio, ZUFMS-PIS 1314, 38.7 mm SL, and Corydoras aurofrenatus, NUP 16191, 38.2 mm SL, showing the well-developed conical serrations directed towards pectoral-spine origin, disposed along the posterior margin of the (A) right spine of C. areio (8.8 mm long) and of the (B) left spine of C. aurofrenatus (8.6 mm long). Yellow arrows indicate serrations that are directed towards tip of spine or perpendicularly directed.
FIGURE 4 |
Uncatalogued live specimens of Corydoras areio, from the ribeirão dos Veados (= córrego do Veado), rio Taquari basin, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, showing the general color pattern in life of a specimen settled in a biotope aquarium (A), and the main variations observed within the species, (B) densely spotted, (C) moderately spotted, and (D) scarcely spotted. Photos by Hans-Georg Evers (A) and Heriberto Gimênes (B–D).
FIGURE 5 |
Map of geographic distribution of Corydoras areio and C. aurofrenatus from the rio Paraguay basin, in Brazil and Paraguay, respectively: white star and white circles denote the possible type locality and non-type material of C. areio, respectively; black star and red circles denote the type locality and non-type material of C. aurofrenatus, respectively, blue star indicates the type locality of Corydoras ellisae (a junior synonym of Corydoras aurofrenatus). Each symbol may represent more than one locality.
FIGURE 6 |
The typical structure of habitats where Corydoras areio was more frequently observed, showing (A) the ribeirão dos Veados (= córrego do Veado), rio Taquari basin, and (B) the rio Taboco, rio Negro basin, both part of the rio Paraguay drainage in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
FIGURE 7 |
Corydoras aurofrenatus, holotype, CAS 20661, 40.9 mm SL, Paraguay, Aguada, near arroyo Trementina. Dorsal (top), lateral (middle) and ventral (bottom) views. Copyright © California Academy of Sciences, with all rights reserved.
FIGURE 8 |
Color pattern variation in preserved specimens of Corydoras aurofrenatus, showing the intensely pigmented pattern, NUP 16191, 45.8 mm SL, Brazil, Mato Grosso, Rosário do Oeste, córrego Cancela, in dorsal (A) and lateral (C) views, and the diffuse pattern, NRM 23529, 44.6 mm SL, Paraguay, Concepción, arroyo Laguna Penayo, in dorsal (B) and lateral (D) views.
FIGURE 9 |
Uncatalogued live specimens of Corydoras aurofrenatus, showing (A) a specimen with conspicuous blotches on flanks, said to be from “Paraguay”, and (B) a specimen with diffuse pigmentation on flanks, from the rio Amonguijá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Photo by Hans-Georg Evers and Heriberto Gimênes, respectively.
FIGURE 10 |
Habitats in which Corydoras aurofrenatus was found during the Proyecto Vertebrados del Paraguay, in Paraguay, showing (A) the arroyo Laguna Penayo, (B) an unnamed stream tributary from the río Apa, (C) the río Araguay-Guazú, (D) the río Jejuí-Guazú, and (E) a small, unnamed stream tributary from the río Paraguay.
FIGURE 11 |
Lateral view of the head of (A) Corydoras aurofrenatus (non-type specimen, MTD F 19127, 46.9 mm standard length) and (B) Corydoras negro (holotype, MTD F 28472, 41.8 mm standard length), showing the short opercular membrane of C. aurofrenatus, with anteroventral portion of cleithrum exposed (cep), and the long opercular membrane of C. negro, with anteroventral portion of cleithrum covered (ccv) by it.