A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of <i>Characidium</i> (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil

Melo, Marcelo Roberto Souto de; Ribeiro, Mauro César Lambert de Brito; Lima, Flávio César Thadeo de

doi:10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0061

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Original article • Neotrop. ichthyol. 19 (01) • 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0061 copy

A new, narrowly distributed, and critically endangered species of Characidium (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from the Distrito Federal, Central Brazil

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

A new species of Characidium is described from the Cerrado biome, in Brasília, Distrito Federal, Central Brazil. The new species can be readily diagnosed by the presence of two or three longitudinal rows of dots along the body sides, absence of bars, by the short pectoral fin, which does not reach the vertical through the dorsal fin origin. Additional useful diagnostic characters are the scaled isthmus, absence of the adipose fin, and the terminal mouth. The new species is only known from the córrego Taquara and its tributaries, a tributary of ribeirão do Gama, upstream from lago Paranoá, in the upper rio Paraná basin. In accordance to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, the new species is categorized as Critically Endangered.

Keywords:
Endangered species; IUCN; Lago Paranoá; Reserva Ecológica do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística; Rio Paraná basin

Characters	Holotype	N	Range	Mean	SD
Total length (mm)	49.0	24	28.3-52.2	39.5	-
Standard length (mm)	40.1	18	23.3-44.1	31.5	-
Percentage of standard length
Head length	22.7	24	21.3-25.8	23.7	1.2
Prepectoral distance	21.5	24	20.5-26.3	23.5	1.7
Pectoral-fin height	17.4	24	14.8-20.1	18.3	1.3
Predorsal distance	52.0	24	48.7-53.6	50.6	1.4
Dorsal-fin height	14.6	23	14.6-20.7	16.6	1.5
Dorsal-fin base	14.5	24	13.7-16.0	14.8	0.5
Prepelvic distance	55.2	24	50.1-58.8	53.3	2.3
Pelvic-fin height	10.9	24	10.9-16.5	12.8	1.1
Preanal distance	77.7	24	71.2-78.9	74.9	2.0
Anal-apex distance	94.8	24	89.8-96.8	92.8	1.4
Anus to anal-fin distance	5.3	24	3.0-6.8	5.2	1.0
Anal-fin height	13.1	24	13.1-17.0	14.7	0.9
Anal-fin base	9.1	24	5.7-9.6	7.9	1.0
Peduncle length	19.5	24	15.6-21.3	18.9	1.4
Body width	11.6	24	8.9-13.4	10.7	1.2
Body depth at dorsal-fin origin	28.9	24	21.8-29.6	25.0	2.0
Body depth at anal-fin origin	19.1	24	14.2-19.1	16.7	1.2
Body depth at caudal peduncle	13.2	24	10.6-14.0	12.5	0.8
Percentage of head length
Snout length	20.0	24	17.3-22.2	19.3	1.1
Snout-maxillary tip	27.4	24	25.0-31.1	28.0	1.5
Anterior naris-orbit	8.3	24	5.7-9.4	8.0	0.8
Posterior naris-orbit	4.1	24	3.0-5.3	4.0	0.6
Cheek	8.8	24	6.7-9.7	8.6	0.8
Orbital diameter	25.2	24	25.2-31.4	28.0	1.8
Interorbital diameter	18.8	24	12.0-19.8	14.8	2.2

Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Neotropical Ichthyology, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá., Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900, Phone number: +55 44-3011-4632 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: neoichth@nupelia.uem.br

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[1] Edited by

Paulo Lucinda