Cetaceans using the marine protected area of "Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos", Southeastern Brazil*

Santos, Marcos Cesar de Oliveira; Figueiredo, Giovanna Corrêa e; Bressem, Marie-Francoise Van

doi:10.1590/S1679-87592017130606504

Marcos Cesar de Oliveira Santos ^**** Corresponding author: mcos@usp.br

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil)

Giovanna Corrêa e Figueiredo

Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil)

Marie-Francoise Van Bressem

Peruvian Centre for Cetacean Research (CEPEC), Museo de Delfines Pucusana, Lima 20, Peru

** Corresponding author: mcos@usp.br

Figures (3)
Tables (4)

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Figure 1
Map of the study area in inner and outer waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos”, showing the transects (black lines) starting and finishing in shallow waters at 24^o03’S and 46^o20’W. The gray line shows the sampled area which includes a 5 km distance from the transects. Sightings of each cetacean species are shown. The black cross indicates two sightings of Bryde’s whale made on the same location on consecutive days.

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Figure 2
Sightings of individually marked Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in inner and outer waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos” between June 2013 and June 2015. Symbols show the dates of the sightings and the arrows indicate the number of individuals seen on distinct dates.

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Figure 3
Common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) with “Paisley” skin marks on 20 May 2015 in inner waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos”. The marks were seen on most of the visible body in one of the individuals (A), but only on the head of another one (B).

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Table 1
Cetacean sightings made in inner and outer waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos” between June 2013 and June 2015. Date, position, group size and identification of each species are given. Sf = Stenella frontalis, Sb = Steno bredanensis, Dd = Delphinus delphis, Be = Balaenoptera edeni and Ba = Balaenoptera acutorostrata.

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Table 2
Sightings of Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in inner and outer waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos” between June 2013 and June 2015, including the date, water depth, temperature and salinity at the surface, group size, number of pictures taken (# of pictures) and the number of identified individuals (# of IDs). Missing data (-) are related to malfunctioning of the used gear.

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Table 3
Results of the Mantel Test applied to evaluate data of the Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) sightings in inner and outer waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos” between June 2013 and June 2015. Positive values of r indicate the variable is positively related to the species presence, and negative values indicate that the association is negatively correlated. The null hypothesis that the presence of the species and the variable are unrelated is rejected when the p-value is smaller than 0.05, indicating that the variable is related to the presence S. frontalis.

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Table 4
Sightings of individually marked Atlantic spotted dolphins (Stenella frontalis) in inner and outer waters of the “Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos” between June 2013 and June 2015. The table shows the individual ID number (ID), date and geographic coordinates where the first and the second sightings were made. ID numbers are higher than 10 as the main catalog includes a broader area of investigation not reported here.

Sighting	Species	Date	Latitude	Longitude	Group Size
1	Sf	31 Jul 2013	24°10’S	46°16’W	60
2	Sf	27 Nov 2013	24°18’S	46°12’W	40
3	Be	27 Nov 2013	24°23’S	46°04’W	2
4	Be	28 Nov 2013	24°23’S	46°04’W	2
5	Sf	5 Feb 2014	24°21’S	46°12’W	30
6	Sf	1 Apr 2014	24°07’S	46°17’W	30
7	Sf	1 Apr 2014	24°23’S	46°06’W	250
8	Sf	1 Apr 2014	24°12’S	46°06’W	250
9	Sf	1 Apr 2014	24°13’S	46°13’W	8
10	Sf	24 Jun 2014	24°24’S	46°11’W	70
11	Ba	25 Jun 2014	24°24’S	44°13’W	2
12	Sf	15 Jan 2015	24°05’S	46°16’W	12
13	Sb	26 Feb 2015	24°18’S	46°09’W	15
14	Sb	19 May 2015	24°23’S	46°12’W	50
15	Dd	20 May 2015	24°18’S	46°10’W	7
16	Sf	26 May 2015	24°11’S	46°13’W	50
17	Sf	8 Jun 2015	24°13’S	46°09’W	20
18	Sf	8 Jun 2015	24°13’S	46°13’W	120

Date	Depth (m)	Temperature (ºC)	Salinity	# of pictures	# of IDs
31 Jul 13	30	19	38	613	10
27 Nov 13	30	-	37	462	0
5 Feb 14	42	26	40	540	0
1 Apr 14	20	28	40	447	3
1 Apr 14	43	28	40	545	13
1 Apr 14	38	28	40	421	4
1 Apr 14	30	-	-	0	0
24 Jun 14	30	23	-	1,244	5
15 Jan 15	25	29	40	183	2
26 May 15	33	24	36	262	5
8 Jun 15	38	24	32	478	10
8 Jun 15	33	24	32	926	32
Average/Total	32.7	25.3	37.5	6,121	84

Mantel Test
Variables	Results
Depth	r = 0.8072
Depth	p-value < 0.05
Salinity	r = -0.0047
Salinity	p-value > 0.05
Temperature	r = -0.2324
Temperature	p-value > 0.05

ID	1^st Sighting			2^nd Sighting
ID	Date	Latitude	Longitude	Date	Latitude	Longitude
13	31 Jul 13	24^o10’S	46^o16’W	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W
14	31 Jul 13	24^o10’S	46^o16’W	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W
17	31 Jul 13	24^o10’S	46^o16’W	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W
22	31 Jul 13	24^o10’S	46^o16’W	15 Jan 15	24^o05’S	48^o16’W
25	31 Jul 13	24^o10’S	46^o16’W	8 Jun15 (II)	24^o13’S	46^o13’W
36	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W	26 May 15	24^o11’S	46^o13’W
41	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W	26 May 15	24^o11’S	46^o13’W
62	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W	8 Jun15 (II)	24^o13’S	46^o13’W
136	1 Apr 14	24^o23’S	46^o06’W	8 Jun15 (I)	24^o13’S	46^o09’W
127	26 May 15	24^o11’S	46^o13’W	8 Jun15 (II)	24^o13’S	46^o13’W

[1] ** Corresponding author: mcos@usp.br

Brasil

Brasil

Cetaceans using the marine protected area of "Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos", Southeastern Brazil^* * Reference article of the Project MAPELMS - Environmental Monitoring of the State Marine Park of Laje de Santos

Abstract

Brasil

Brasil

Cetaceans using the marine protected area of "Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos", Southeastern Brazil* * Reference article of the Project MAPELMS - Environmental Monitoring of the State Marine Park of Laje de Santos

Abstract

Cetaceans using the marine protected area of "Parque Estadual Marinho da Laje de Santos", Southeastern Brazil^* * Reference article of the Project MAPELMS - Environmental Monitoring of the State Marine Park of Laje de Santos