Growth pattern of friable calluses from leaves of <i>Capsicum annuum</i> var. <i>annuum</i> cv. Iberaba Jalapeño

Santos, Mauricio Reginaldo Alves dos; Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Paz, Eloísa Santana

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20170061

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Crop Science • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 48 (3) • Jul-Sep 2017 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20170061 copy

Growth pattern of friable calluses from leaves of Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño¹ 1 Pesquisa financiada pelo CNPq, parte da Monografia de Graduação da segunda autora apresentada ao Departamento de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Rondônia

Padrão de crescimento de calos friáveis de folhas de Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The genus Capsicum belongs to the Solanaceae botanical family and is notable for the production of secondary metabolites of medicinal and economical importance. In vitro methods have been successfully utilized for the large scale production of plant secondary metabolites. The objective of this study was to establish a protocol for callus induction from leaves, nodal and internodal segments of the cultivar C. annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño, and to determine the growth pattern of the calluses, aiming at the identification of the deceleration phase, when the callus cells must be subcultured for the establishment of cell suspensions and the production of secondary metabolites. The explants were inoculated into a medium supplemented with BA and 2,4-D in factorial combination. Percentage of callus induction and the explant area covered by callus cells (ACCC) were evaluated. The procedures that resulted in higher proliferation of callus cells were repeated in order to determine the growth curve of the calluses. The highest callus induction percentage and ACCC were observed with the combination of 2.22 µM BA + 18.10 µM 2,4-D for leaf and internodal explants and 2.22 µM BA + 9.05 µM 2,4-D for nodal explants. The calluses produced were friable and whitish, and their growth pattern followed a sigmoid shape. The deceleration phase started on the 31^st day of cultivation for leaf explants, on the 26^th for internodal explants, and on the 29^th day for nodal explants.

Key words:
Callogenesis; Growth curve; Secondary metabolites

Explant	Source of variation	Degrees of Freedom	Mean Square	F
Leaves	BA	3	13.50	14.40^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	2,4-D	3	18.50	19.73^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	BA x 2,4-D	9	4.00	4.26^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Treatment	15	8.80	9.39^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Residue	32	0.94
	Total	47
Internodal segments	BA	3	6.25	11.11^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	2,4-D	3	10.25	18.22^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	BA x 2,4-D	9	7.08	12.59^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Treatment	15	7.55	13.42^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Residue	32	0.56
	Total	47
Nodal segments	BA	3	3.83	5.93^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	2,4-D	3	9.00	13.03^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	BA x 2,4-D	9	4.72	7.31^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Treatment	15	5.40	8.36^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Residue	32	0.64
	Total	47

Explant	Source of variation	Degrees of Freedom	Mean Square	F
Leaves	BA	3	6.67	48.22^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	2,4-D	3	13.24	9.70^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	BA x 2,4-D	9	1.47	10.67
	Treatment	15	4.87	35.18
	Residue	32	0.14
	Total	47
Internodal segments	BA	3	2.85	13.20^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	2,4-D	3	8.51	39.43^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	BA x 2,4-D	9	3.89	18.06^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Treatment	15	4.61	21.36^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Residue	32	0.21
	Total	47
Nodal segments	BA	3	2.02	7.98^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	2,4-D	3	8.05	31.87^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	BA x 2,4-D	9	2.53	10.02^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Treatment	15	3.53	13.98^ significant at 1% probability by F test
	Residue	32	0.25
	Total	47

2,4-D (µM)	BA (µM)
2,4-D (µM)	0	0.44	2.22	11.10
Percentages of CI in leaf explants
0.0	0 bC^* * Averages followed by the same capital letter do not differ in the same row by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability; averages followed by the same lower case letter do not differ in the same column by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability	40 bB	40 bB	100 aA
4.52	80 aA	100 aA	100 aA	100 aA
9.05	100 aA	100 aA	100 aA	100 aA
18.10	20 bB	100 aA	100 aA	100 aA
Percentages of ACCC in leaf explants
0.0	0 cA^* * Averages followed by the same capital letter do not differ in the same row by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability; averages followed by the same lower case letter do not differ in the same column by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability	10 cA	10 cA	22 bA
4.52	30 bB	77 aA	78 bA	70 aA
9.05	55 aB	50 bB	78 bA	70 aA
18.10	6 cC	75 aB	100 aA	66 aB
Percentages of CI in internodal explants
0.0	0 bC^* * Averages followed by the same capital letter do not differ in the same row by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability; averages followed by the same lower case letter do not differ in the same column by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability	40 bB	40 bB	100 aA
4.52	80 aB	100 aA	100 aA	60 bC
9.05	80 aA	100 aA	100 aA	40 bB
18.10	80 aA	100 aA	100 aA	40 bB
Percentages of ACCC in internodal explants
0.0	0 cB^* * Averages followed by the same capital letter do not differ in the same row by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability; averages followed by the same lower case letter do not differ in the same column by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability	10 bB	15 cB	73 aA
4.52	47 bB	82 aA	77 bA	45 bB
9.05	65 aA	88 aA	80 bA	27 bB
18.10	77 aB	78 aB	100 aA	31.5 bC
Percentages of CI in nodal explants
0.0	14 bB^* * Averages followed by the same capital letter do not differ in the same row by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability; averages followed by the same lower case letter do not differ in the same column by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability	40 bB	80 aA	80 aA
4.52	100 aA	100 aA	80 aA	80 aA
9.05	100 aA	100 aA	100 aA	60 bB
18.10	80 aA	100 aA	100 aA	40 bB
Percentages of ACCC in nodal explants
0.0	3.5 bC^* * Averages followed by the same capital letter do not differ in the same row by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability; averages followed by the same lower case letter do not differ in the same column by Scott-Knott test at 5% probability	16.5 bC	33 cB	58 aA
4.52	73 aA	60 aA	73 bA	63 aA
9.05	73 aB	75 aB	100 aA	50 aC
18.10	75 aA	80 aA	78 bA	15 bB

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Growth pattern of friable calluses from leaves of Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño1 1 Pesquisa financiada pelo CNPq, parte da Monografia de Graduação da segunda autora apresentada ao Departamento de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Rondônia

Padrão de crescimento de calos friáveis de folhas de Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño

ABSTRACT

Growth pattern of friable calluses from leaves of Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño¹ 1 Pesquisa financiada pelo CNPq, parte da Monografia de Graduação da segunda autora apresentada ao Departamento de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Rondônia