Fermentation characteristics in hay from <i>Cynodon</i> and crop stubble treated with exogenous enzymes

Santana, Yânez André Gomes; Vasconcelos, Vânia Rodrigues; Alves, Arnaud Azevêdo; Silva, Suzana Coimbra de Moura Lustosa e; Garcez, Bruno Spindola

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20180019

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Zootecnia • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 49 (1) • Jan-Mar 2018 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20180019 copy

Fermentation characteristics in hay from Cynodon and crop stubble treated with exogenous enzymes¹ 1 Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor apresentada a Universidade Federal do Piauí, apoio financeiro da CAPES e CNPq

Características fermentativas dos fenos de Cynodon e restolhos de culturas tratados com enzimas exógenas

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The effect of treatment with xylanase and β-glucanase was evaluated for gas production and the ruminal degradation of nutrients from the hay of Tifton 85 grass and the stubble of maize, sorghum, peanut, sunflower and sesame crops. Two commercial fibrolytic enzymes were used (Dyadic xylanase PLUS - Xylanase; BrewZyme LP-β-glucanase), added to the hay at doses of 7.5 units of endoglucanase and 0.46 units of xylanase per 500 mg/gDM, for the cellulase and xylanase products respectively. The chemical composition of the hay was determined for no enzyme application and 24 hours after enzyme treatment, and the in vitro gas production and in situ microbial degradation was estimated for dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and truly-degradable organic matter after 24 hours of incubation in the rumen. Enzyme treatment of the hay from Tifton 85 grass and the stubble of maize, sorghum, sunflower, peanut and sesame crops with the exogenous fibrolytic enzymes β-glucanase and xylanase influences in vitro gas production, and the in situ degradation of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and truly-degradable organic matter in the rumen. This variation can be attributed to differences in the chemical composition of the hay from the grass and the crop stubble, and to the different ways the enzymes act upon the cell wall.

Key words:
Arachis hypogaea; β-glucanase; Helianthus annuus; Sesamum indicum; Sorghum bicolor; Xylanase

Forage	Enzyme	DM	OM	CP	EE	MM	NDF	ADF	Hem	Cel	Lig	TCH	NFC
TGH	No enzyme	88.2	92.2	11.1	1.2	7.8	69.5	37.4	32.1	30.0	7.4	79.9	10.4
	Xylanase	89.5	91.2	11.9	1.1	8.3	69.9	37.2	32.7	29.9	7.3	78.6	8.7
	β-glucanase	89.5	91.6	13.3	1.1	8.4	69.0	38.5	30.5	31.0	7.5	77.1	8.1
MAS	No enzyme	87.9	89.3	10.5	0.9	10.7	68.1	39.9	28.2	33.6	6.3	78.3	10.2
	Xylanase	89.4	86.6	11.1	0.8	13.4	65.1	40.5	24.6	34.0	6.5	75.0	9.9
	β-glucanase	88.2	87.6	12.5	0.8	12.4	66.5	39.6	26.9	33.7	5.8	74.4	7.8
SOS	No enzyme	88.3	92.6	8.5	1.5	7.4	63.1	40.7	22.4	28.2	12.6	82.7	19.6
	Xylanase	89.0	91.5	8.5	1.5	8.5	59.3	36.3	23.0	24.3	12.0	81.7	22.3
	β-glucanase	87.1	89.8	9.3	1.5	8.1	62.8	35.1	27.7	22.7	12.4	81.2	18.5
PES	No enzyme	87.2	88.3	13.6	1.5	11.7	53.8	38.8	15.0	23.9	14.9	73.0	19.2
	Xylanase	88.2	84.1	11.9	1.3	15.9	58.0	46.1	11.8	28.3	17.9	70.3	12.3
	β-glucanas	87.9	91.9	14.2	1.5	10.2	53.0	42.1	10.9	26.2	15.9	73.9	20.9
SUS	No enzymes	86.6	85.0	10.0	1.5	15.0	49.4	45.4	3.9	28.4	17.0	73.5	24.2
	Xylanase	87.9	90.2	10.0	1.4	9.8	51.9	47.5	4.4	26.9	20.6	78.7	26.8
	β-glucanas	87.2	84.2	10.2	1.4	15.8	50.9	45.4	5.6	29.1	16.2	72.2	21.3
SES	No enzyme	88.3	90.0	9.5	0.8	10.0	62.9	47.3	15.6	37.5	9.7	79.8	16.9
	Xylanase	88.9	91.6	9.7	0.8	10.7	60.8	50.5	10.3	40.0	10.5	78.6	17.8
	β-glucanase	88.4	90.0	11.2	0.8	10.0	60.5	49.7	10.8	37.8	11.9	78.3	17.8

Forage	Enzyme	Parameter
Forage	Enzyme	GP (mL/gMS)	GP (mL/gMO)	GP (mL/gFDN)	pH	N-NH₃ (mg/100mL)
TGH	No enzyme	77.87 b	22.36 b	7.88 b	7.0 a	121.64 a
	Xylanase	74.82 b	25.18 b	9.95 b	7.1 a	151.98 a
	β-glucanase	83.66 a	38.41 a	27.00 a	7.0 a	142.33 a
MAS	No enzyme	87.13 b	29.92 b	16.69 b	7.0 a	145.44 a
	Xylanase	94.68 a	37.44 a	20.75 a	7.0 a	140.31 a
	β-glucanase	87.46 b	38.17 a	23.09 a	7.0 a	143.73 a
SOS	No enzyme	79.95 c	31.85 c	10.30 a	7.0 a	139.07 a
	Xylanase	90.57 b	36.35 b	12.20 a	7.0 a	140.00 a
	β-glucanase	99.89 a	40.90 a	13.88 a	7.0 a	134.66 a
PES	No enzyme	89.02 b	43.40 b	14.80 b	7.1 a	140.47 a
	Xylanase	83.58 b	40.62 b	12.12 b	7.1 a	137.98 a
	β-glucanase	110.45 a	57.97 a	23.66 a	7.0 a	144.04 a
SUS	No enzyme	63.43 c	23.74 b	2.38 b	7.1 a	142.64 a
	Xylanase	89.15 a	34.51 a	11.13 a	7.0 a	140.62 a
	β-glucanase	72.13 b	27.37 b	7.42 a	7.1 a	144.82 a
SES	No enzyme	54.21 b	16.64 a	5.19 b	7.1 a	146.22 a
	Xylanase	59.35 b	19.51 a	9.97 a	7.1 a	148.87 a
	β-glucanase	66.21 a	20.50 a	2.85 b	7.1 a	147.93 a
P		<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	0.0871	0.0977
SEM		3.6210	2.9748	1.9780	0.0727	9.2468

Forage	Enzyme	Parameter
Forage	Enzyme	DDM (g/kg)	DOM (g/kg)	DNDF (g/kg)	TDOM (g)	PF (g/mL)
TGH	No enzyme	328.01 c*	285.05 c	101.33 c	122.2 c	1.56 b
	Xylanase	395.29 b	363.09 b	168.27 b	143.8 b	2.09 a
	β-glucanase	469.87 a	451.95 a	261.91 a	189.7 a	2.28 a
MAS	No enzyme	371.90 b	340.72 c	192.27 b	136.2 b	1.57 b
	Xylanase	441.59 a	392.37 b	216.20 b	160.5 a	1.69 ab
	β-glucanase	451.68 a	436.28 a	263.86 a	168.9 a	1.93 a
SOS	No enzyme	396.10 a	397.17 a	127.52 a	156.5 a	1.95 a
	Xylanase	428.38 a	400.51 a	131.07 a	169.6 a	1.87 ab
	β-glucanase	422.54 a	410.00 a	139.59 a	164.2 a	1.65 b
PES	No enzyme	526.50 a	487.44 b	166.55 b	181.0 b	2.04 b
	Xylanase	552.70 a	470.75 b	150.48 b	160.3 b	2.35 a
	β-glucanase	546.96 a	523.90 a	213.48 a	202.7 a	1.83 b
SUS	No enzyme	434.83 b	372.83 b	37.65 b	134.2 b	2.13 a
	Xylanase	494.31 a	456.29 a	114.55 a	176.7 a	1.95 a
	β-glucanase	441.40 b	374.62 b	72.94 ab	143.4 b	2.00 a
SES	No enzyme	361.02 a	302.70 a	78.59 b	122.3 a	2.25 a
	Xylanase	353.63 a	311.46 a	171.60 a	133.7 a	2.20 a
	β-glucanase	350.49 a	309.60 a	44.47 b	123.5 a	2.24 a
P		<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001	<0.0001
SEM		18.4633	22.9715	23.3154	10.2	0.1076

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[TFN1] ¹
DM = dry matter; OM = organic matter; CP = crude protein; EE = ether extract; MM = mineral matter; NDF = neutral detergent fibre; ADF = acid detergent fibre; Hem = hemicellulose; Cel = cellulose; Lig = lignin TCH = total carbohydrates; NFC = non-fibre carbohydrates

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Fermentation characteristics in hay from Cynodon and crop stubble treated with exogenous enzymes1 1 Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor apresentada a Universidade Federal do Piauí, apoio financeiro da CAPES e CNPq

Características fermentativas dos fenos de Cynodon e restolhos de culturas tratados com enzimas exógenas

ABSTRACT

Fermentation characteristics in hay from Cynodon and crop stubble treated with exogenous enzymes¹ 1 Parte da Tese de Doutorado do primeiro autor apresentada a Universidade Federal do Piauí, apoio financeiro da CAPES e CNPq