Acute toxicity of non-ionized ammonia on tambacu (<i>Colossoma macropomum</i> x <i>Piaractus mesopotamicus</i>)

Quaresma, Fabrízia da Silva; Santos, Fernando Luís Batista dos; Ribeiro, Pedro Florêncio; Leite, Lorena Alves; Sampaio, Alexandre Holanda

doi:10.5935/1806-6690.20200046

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Revista Ciência Agronômica

Español English

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

Technical Article • Rev. Ciênc. Agron. 51 (3) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20200046 copy

Acute toxicity of non-ionized ammonia on tambacu (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus)¹ 1 Parte da Dissertação do primeiro autor, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará/UFC

Toxicidade aguda da amônia não ionizada sobre alevinos de tambacu (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Ammonia is a toxic compound to aquatic organisms and at high concentrations in water, it can cause various changes in the animal. Therefore, it becomes important to determine the tolerance of farmed aquatic animals for that substance. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the mean lethal concentration (LC_{50-96 h}) of un-ionized ammonia (NH₃) in tambacu fingerlings (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus) in acute toxicity test. The fingerlings were exposed to ammonia at concentrations of: 0.09 (control); 0.54; 1.23; 2.52; 3.44 and 3.66 mg L^-1 NH₃, which were obtained from the application of NH₄Cl. The test lasted 96 hours and mortalities were recorded over that period. The LC₅₀ was determined by the Trimmed Spearman Karber statistical method. The LC_{50-96 h} of non-ionized ammonia (NH₃) for fingerlings of the tambacu hybrid was 1.63 mg L^-1.

Key words:
Aquaculture; Water quality; NH₃

Parameters	Concentration of non-ionized ammonia (NH₃) (mg L^-1)
Parameters	0.09	0.54	1.23	2.52	3.44	3,60
pH	8.3 ± 0.2 a¹ 1 Different letters on the same line indicate statistically significant differences between the means by the Tukey test (p≤0,05)	8.2 ± 0.2 ab	8.2 ± 0.1 ab	8.1 ± 0.1 b	8.1 ± 0.1 b	8.1 ± 0.1 b
Temp (ºC)	27.7 ± 0.3	27.6 ± 0.3	27.8 ± 0.3	27.7 ± 0.3	27.8 ± 0.4	27.9 ± 0.4
DO₂ (mg L^-1)	6.4 ± 0.4	6.3 ± 0.2	6.5 ± 0.5	6.6 ± 0.4	6.4 ± 0.2	6.3 ± 0.2
NO_2- (mg L-¹)	0.013 ± 0.009	0.019 ± 0.008	0.033 ± 0.023	0.008 ± 0.004	0.022 ± 0.016	0.043 ± 0.036
NO_3- (mg L^-1)	0.5 ± 0.1	0.6 ± 0.1	0.4 ± 0.1	0.5 ± 0.1	0.7 ± 0.4	1.0 ± 0.4
Alkalinity (mg L^-1 CaCO₃)	116.79 ± 2.43 a	115.01 ± 2.55 ac	106.59 ± 5.10 ab	105.06 ± 6.71 bc	101.75 ± 5.09 b	95.37 ± 6.89 b
Hardness (mg L^-1 CaCO₃)	113.88 ± 3.14	112.45 ± 2.73	110.79 ± 5.18	111.74 ± 4.94	115.54 ± 1.82	113.64 ± 3.52

Observed concentration	TAN nominal (mg L^-1)
Observed concentration	0	5	15	30	45	60
TAN (mg L^-1)	0.63 ± 0.14	5.08 ± 0.19	12.09 ± 0.45	35.10 ± 6.36	51.73 ± 1.98	58.38 ± 0.18
NH₃ (mg L^-1)	0.09 ± 0.02	0.54 ± 0,07	1.23 ± 0.06	2.52 ± 0.37	3.44 ± 0.20	3.60 ± 0.01

NH₃ (mg L^-1)	Time (hours)
	24		48		72		96
	I	II	I	II	I	II	I	II
0.09 (control)	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
0.54	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
1.23	10	-	-	-	20	-	-	-
2.52	50	-	100	80	-	90	-	100
3.44	80	90	100	100	-	-	-	-
3.60	100	100	-	-	-	-	-	-

Time (hours)	TAN (mg L^-1)	NH₃ (mg L^-1)
24	35.15 (29.54 - 41.84)	2.56 (2.25 - 2.91)
48	21.11 (18.43 - 24.17)	1.78 (1.61 - 1.97)
72	19.39 (16.73 - 22.48)	1.67 (1.49 - 1.88)
96	18.70 (16.43 - 21.29)	1.63 (1.47 - 1.81)

Species	LC₅₀ (mg L^-1)	Weight (g)	pH	Hardness (mg L^-1 CaCO₃)	Time of exposure (hours)	References
Piaractus mesopotamicus	0.014	1.2	6.98	40	96	Barbieri e Bondioli (2015)BARBIERI, E.; BONDIOLI, A. C. V. Acute toxicity of ammonia in Pacu fish (Piaractus mesopotamicus, Holmberg, 1887) at different temperatures levels. Aquaculture Research, v. 46, n. 3, p. 565-571, 2015.
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix	0.35	Larvae	8.63	-	96	*Wang et al. (2017)*WANG, H. et al. Effects of high ammonia concentrations on three cyprinid fish: acute and whole-ecosystem chronic tests. Science of The Total Environment , v. 598, p. 900-909, 2017.
Aristichthys nobilis	0.33	Larvae	8.85	-	96	*Wang et al. (2017)*WANG, H. et al. Effects of high ammonia concentrations on three cyprinid fish: acute and whole-ecosystem chronic tests. Science of The Total Environment , v. 598, p. 900-909, 2017.
Carassius gibelio	0.73	1.96	7.18	-	96	*Wang et al. (2017)*WANG, H. et al. Effects of high ammonia concentrations on three cyprinid fish: acute and whole-ecosystem chronic tests. Science of The Total Environment , v. 598, p. 900-909, 2017.
Oreochromis niloticus	7.4	10.1	8.0	-	48	Benli e Kӧksal (2005)BENLI, A. Ç. K.; KÖKSAL, G. The acute toxicity of ammonia on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) larvae and fingerlings. Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, v. 29, p. 339-344, 2005.
Oreochromis aureus¹ 1 Test performed in salinity 1;	2.83	3.19	7.94	4.4	24	Semra (2014)SEMRA, K. Acute toxicity of ammonia to blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus in saline water. African Journal of Biotechnology, v. 13, n. 14, p. 1550-1553, 2014.
Oreochromis aureus² 2 Test performed in salinity 12	3.14	3.36	8.15	732.5	24	Semra (2014)SEMRA, K. Acute toxicity of ammonia to blue tilapia, Oreochromis aureus in saline water. African Journal of Biotechnology, v. 13, n. 14, p. 1550-1553, 2014.
Ictalurus punctatus	1.39	-	7.0	40.0	24	*Tomasso et al. (1980)*TOMASSO, J. R. et al. Effects of environmental pH and calcium on ammonia toxicity in channel catfish. Transactions of American Fisheries Society, v. 109, n. 2, p. 229-234, 1980.
Ictalurus punctatus	1.79	-	7.0	440.0	24	*Tomasso et al. (1980)*TOMASSO, J. R. et al. Effects of environmental pH and calcium on ammonia toxicity in channel catfish. Transactions of American Fisheries Society, v. 109, n. 2, p. 229-234, 1980.
Rhamdia quelen	1.45	11.04	7.5	20.0	96	*Miron et al. (2008)*MIRON, D. S. et al. Ammonia and pH effects on some metabolic parameters and gill histology of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Heptapteridae). Aquaculture , v. 277, n. 3/4, p. 192-196, jun. 2008.
Carassius auratus	4.68	0.51	-	-	96	*Yang et al. (2010)*YANG, W. et al. Changes in the selected hematological parameters and gill Na+/K+ ATPase activity of juvenile crucian carp Carassius auratus during elevated ammonia exposure and the post-exposure recovery. Biochemical Systematics And Ecology, v. 38, n. 4, p. 557-562, ago. 2010.
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco	0.65	3.52	7.42	101.4	96	*Zhang et al. (2012)*ZHANG, L. et al. Toxicity of ammonia and nitrite to yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). Journal Of Applied Ichthyology, v. 28, n. 1, p. 82-86, 2012.
Lophiosilurus alexandri	3.66	33.87	8.62	-	96	*Silva et al. (2018)*SILVA, M. J. S. et al. Biological responses of Neotropical freshwater fish Lophiosilurus alexandri exposed to ammonia and nitrite. Science of The Total Environment, v. 616/617, p. 1566-1575, 2018.

Universidade Federal do Ceará Av. Mister Hull, 2977 - Bloco 487, Campus do Pici, 60356-000 - Fortaleza - CE - Brasil, Tel.: (55 85) 3366-9702 / 3366-9732, Fax: (55 85) 3366-9417 - Fortaleza - CE - Brazil
E-mail: ccarev@ufc.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Author for correspondence

Brasil

Brasil

Acute toxicity of non-ionized ammonia on tambacu (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus)1 1 Parte da Dissertação do primeiro autor, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará/UFC

Toxicidade aguda da amônia não ionizada sobre alevinos de tambacu (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus)

ABSTRACT

Acute toxicity of non-ionized ammonia on tambacu (Colossoma macropomum x Piaractus mesopotamicus)¹ 1 Parte da Dissertação do primeiro autor, apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Pesca, Universidade Federal do Ceará/UFC