Pezelj-Ribaric et al. (2004)4040. Pezelj-Ribaric S, Prso IB, Abram M, Glazar I, Brumini G, Simunovic-Soskic M. Salivary levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in oral lichen planus. Mediators Inflamm. 2004 Apr;13(2):131-3. https://doi.org/10.1080/09629350410001688530
https://doi.org/10.1080/0962935041000168...
|
TNF-α |
Case-control study |
40 OLP/20 HC |
ELISA |
Salivary TNF-α levels were higher in OLP than in HC and showed positive correlation with the clinical form: higher levels in erosive/ulcerative than in reticular form. |
3b |
B |
Rhodus et al. (2005b)1515. Rhodus NL, Cheng B, Myers S, Miller L, Ho V, Ondrey F. The feasibility of monitoring NF-kappaB associated cytokines: TNF-alpha, IL-1alpha, IL-6, and IL-8 in whole saliva for the malignant transformation of oral lichen planus. Mol Carcinog. 2005 Oct;44(2):77-82. https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20113
https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20113...
|
TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 |
Case-control study |
13 OLP/13 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in OLP than in HC. |
3b |
B |
Rhodus et al. (2006)2020. Rhodus NL, Cheng B, Bowles W, Myers S, Miller L, Ondrey F. Proinflammatory cytokine levels in saliva before and after treatment of (erosive) oral lichen planus with dexamethasone. Oral Dis. 2006 Mar;12(2):112-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005.01165.x
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-0825.2005...
|
TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 |
Open non-randomized trial |
13 OLP/13 HC |
ELISA |
Lower salivary TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-8 levels after topical dexamethasone compared with baseline. |
2c |
B |
Tao et al. (2008)4242. Tao X, Li C, Rhodus NL, Xia J, Yang X, Cheng B. Simultaneous detection of IFN-gamma and IL-4 in lesional tissues and whole unstimulated saliva from patients with oral lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med. 2008 Feb;37(2):83-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00593.x.
|
IL-4 and IFN-y |
Case-control study |
19 OLP (10 eOLP and 9 rOLP)/7 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary IFN-y levels in eOLP compared to HC. No differences for IL-4. |
3b |
B |
Zhang et al. (2008)5656. Zhang Y, Lin M, Zhang S, Wang Z, Jiang L, Shen J et al. NF-kappaB-dependent cytokines in saliva and serum from patients with oral lichen planus: a study in an ethnic Chinese population. Cytokine. 2008 Feb;41(2):144-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2007.11.004
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2007.11.0...
|
TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 |
Case-control study |
30 OLP (16 eOLP and 14 rOLP)/ 30 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 levels in OLP compared to HC, either between the RT form or the ES form with the HC, separately. |
3b |
B |
Liu et al. (2009)44. Liu W, Dan H, Wang Z, Jiang L, Zhou Y, Zhao M et al. IFN-gamma and IL-4 in saliva of patients with oral lichen planus: a study in an ethnic Chinese population. Inflammation. 2009 Jun;32(3):176-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-009-9118-2
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-009-9118-...
|
IL-4 and IFN-y |
Case-control study |
79 OLP (58 eOLP and 21 rOLP)/41 HC |
ELISA |
Lower IFN-γ and higher IL-4 levels in saliva of OLP than in HC, respectively; IL-4 higher in eOLP than in rOLP form. |
3b |
B |
Ghallab et al. (2010)2121. Ghallab NA, el-Wakeel N, Shaker OG. Levels of salivary IFN-gamma, TNF-alfa, and TNF receptor-2 as prognostic markers in (erosive) oral lichen planus. Mediators Inflamm. 2010;2010:847632. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/847632
https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/847632...
|
IFN-γ, TNF-α, and sTNFR-2 |
Open non-randomized trial |
20 OLP/20 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary IFN-y, TNF-α, and sTNFR-2 levels in OLP at baseline compared to HC and after treatment with prednisone. |
2c |
B |
Dan et al. (2011)3535. Dan H, Liu W, Wang J, Wang Z, Wu R, Chen Q et al. Elevated IL-10 concentrations in serum and saliva from patients with oral lichen planus. Quintessence Int. 2011 Feb;42(2):157-63.
|
IL-10 and IFN-y |
Case-control study |
79 OLP (58 eOLP and 21 rOLP)/41 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary IL-10 levels and lower IFN-y in OLP than in HC. No significant difference of salivary cytokines levels between erythematous and reticular form. |
3b |
B |
Zhang et al. (2012)3636. Zhang Y, Liu W, Zhang S, Dan H, Lu R, Wang F et al. Salivary and serum interleukin-18 in patients with oral lichen planus: a study in an ethnic Chinese population. Inflammation. 2012 Apr;35(2):399-404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-011-9327-3
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-011-9327-...
|
IL-18 |
Case-control study |
103 OLP/48 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary IL-18 levels in OLP than in HC. |
3b |
B |
Cheng et al. (2014)5555. Lisa Cheng YS, Jordan L, Gorugantula LM, Schneiderman E, Chen HS, Rees T. Salivary interleukin-6 and -8 in patients with oral cancer and patients with chronic oral inflammatory diseases. J Periodontol. 2014 Jul;85(7):956-65. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2013.130320
https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2013.130320...
|
IL-6 and IL-8 |
Case-control study |
18 OSCC/20 CP/21 aOLP/20 iOLP/21 HC |
ELISA |
Highest salivary IL-6 and IL-8 levels in OSCC; higher salivary IL-6 and IL-8 in aOLP than in CP and HC. |
3b |
B |
Abdel-Haq et al. (2014)4141. Abdel-Haq A, Kusnierz-Cabala B, Darczuk D, Sobuta E, Dumnicka P, Wojas-Pelc A et al. Interleukin-6 and neopterin levels in the serum and saliva of patients with Lichen planus and oral Lichen planus. J Oral Pathol Med. 2014 Nov;43(10):734-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.12199
https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.12199...
|
IL-6 |
Case-control study |
46 OLP/10 CLP/16 OLP + CLP /56 HC |
ELISA |
Salivary IL-6 levels were higher in OLP than in HC, especially in atrophic-erosive form. |
3b |
B |
Liu et al. (2014)3939. Liu WZ, He MJ, Long L, Mu DL, Xu MS, Xing X et al. Interferon-γ and interleukin-4 detected in serum and saliva from patients with oral lichen planus. Int J Oral Sci. 2014 Mar;6(1):22-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijos.2013.74
https://doi.org/10.1038/ijos.2013.74...
|
IFN-α, IL-4 |
Case-control study |
60 OLP/40HC |
ELISA |
Higher IL-4 levels and low IFN-α in OLP patients. |
3b |
B |
Lu et al. (2015)1919. Lu R, Zhang J, Sun W, Du G, Zhou G. Inflammation-related cytokines in oral lichen planus: an overview. J Oral Pathol Med. 2015 Jan;44(1):1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.12142
https://doi.org/10.1111/jop.12142...
|
IL-1, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IFN-γ, TGF-β, and TNF-α |
Literature review |
145 studies |
Miscellaneous |
High salivary IL-1, IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α levels in OLP patients. |
5 |
D |
Wang et al. (2015)3737. Wang K, Miao T, Lu W, He J, Cui B, Li J et al. Analysis of oral microbial community and Th17-associated cytokines in saliva of patients with oral lichen planus. Microbiol Immunol. 2015 Mar;59(3):105-13. https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.12232
https://doi.org/10.1111/1348-0421.12232...
|
IL-17 and IL-23 |
Case-control study |
30 OLP/15 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary IL-17 levels in OLP than in HC. No differences for IL-23. |
3b |
B |
Malakzadeh (2015)3838. Malekzadeh H, Robati M, Yousefimanesh H, Ghafourian Boroujerdnia M, Nadripour R. Salivary Interferon Gamma and Interleukin-4 levels in patients suffering from oral lichen planus. Cell J. 2015;17(3):554-8.
|
IFN-γ and IL-4 |
Case-control study |
63OLP/63 HC |
ELISA |
Higher salivary IL-4 and IFN-γ in OLP than in HC |
3b |
B |
Jeong et al. (2016)4343. Jeong SH, Na HS, Park SH, Ahn YW, Chung J. Topical sulfasalazine for unresponsive oral lichen planus. Quintessence Int. 2016 Apr;47(4):319-27.
|
IL-1b and IL-8 |
Open non-randomized trial |
21 OLP/30 HC |
ELISA |
High levels of IL-1b and IL-8 in OLP than in HC; No changes of salivary IL-1b and IL-8 levels after topical sulfasalazine compared to baseline. |
2c |
B |
Mozaffari et al. (2017)4444. Mozaffari HR, Ramezani M, Mahmoudiahmadabadi M, Omidpanah N, Sadeghi M. Salivary and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in oral lichen planus: a systematic review and meta-analysis study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2017 Sep;124(3):e183-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2017.06.117
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oooo.2017.06.1...
|
TNF-α |
Systematic review |
7 studies |
Miscellaneous |
Higher salivary TNF-α in OLP than HC |
3a |
B |