Kohsaka et al.2626. Kohsaka T, Kumazawa M, Yamasaki M, Nakamura H. Periapical lesions in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. J Endod. 1996 Aug;22(8):418-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80243-3
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0099-2399(96)80...
(1996) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases bone loss and inflammatory response of AP. |
Brito et al.3939. Britto LR, Katz J, Guelmann M, Heft M. Periradicular radiographic assessment in diabetic and control individuals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2003 Oct;96(4):449-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00034-9
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1079-2104(03)00...
(2003) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases refractory lesions after endodontic treatment in men. |
Fouad and Burleson3838. Fouad AF, Burleson J. The effect of diabetes mellitus on endodontic treatment outcome: data from an electronic patient record. J Am Dent Assoc. 2003 Jan;134(1):43-51. https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0016
https://doi.org/10.14219/jada.archive.20...
(2003) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes is associated with a reduced successful outcome after endodontic treatment |
Iwama et al.2727. Iwama A, Nishigaki N, Nakamura K, Imaizumi I, Shibata N, Yamasaki M et al. The effect of high sugar intake on the development of periradicular lesions in rats with type 2 diabetes. J Dent Res. 2003 Apr;82(4):322-5. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910308200416
https://doi.org/10.1177/1544059103082004...
(2003) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases bone loss and inflammatory response of AP. |
Segura-Egea et al.3232. Segura-Egea JJ, Jiménez-Pinzón A, Ríos-Santos JV, Velasco-Ortega E, Cisneros-Cabello R, Poyato-Ferrera M. High prevalence of apical periodontitis amongst type 2 diabetic patients. Int Endod J. 2005 Aug;38(8):564-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005.00996.x
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2005...
(2005) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Type 2 diabetes is associated with the prevalence of AP. |
Caplan et al.4646. Caplan DJ, Chasen JB, Krall EA, Cai J, Kang S, Garcia RI et al. Lesions of endodontic origin and risk of coronary heart disease. J Dent Res. 2006 Nov;85(11):996-1000. https://doi.org/10.1177/154405910608501104
https://doi.org/10.1177/1544059106085011...
(2006) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
AP is associated with cardiovascular diseases in patients under 40 years old. |
Schulze et al.1717. Schulze A, Schönauer M, Busse M. Sudden improvement of insulin sensitivity related to an endodontic treatment. J Periodontol. 2007 Dec;78(12):2380-4. https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2007.070033
https://doi.org/10.1902/jop.2007.070033...
(2007) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
AP alters insulin resistance. |
Segura-Egea et al.5353. Segura-Egea JJ, Jimenez-Moreno E, Calvo-Monroy C, Ríos-Santos JV, Velasco-Ortega E, Sánchez-Domínguez B et al. Hypertension and dental periapical condition. J Endod. 2010 Nov;36(11):1800-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.004
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2010.08.0...
(2010) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
Endodontic infection associated with hypertension. |
Segura-Egea et al.5454. Segura-Egea JJ, Castellanos-Cosano L, Velasco-Ortega E, Ríos-Santos JV, Llamas-Carreras JM, Machuca G et al. Relationship between smoking and endodontic variables in hypertensive patients. J Endod. 2011 Jun;37(6):764-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.004
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.03.0...
(2011) |
Humans |
Cardiovalcular diseases |
AP and root canal treatment was higher in smoker hypertensive patients. |
López-López et al.3333. López-López J, Jané-Salas E, Estrugo-Devesa A, Velasco-Ortega E, Martín-González J, Segura-Egea JJ. Periapical and endodontic status of type 2 diabetic patients in Catalonia, Spain: a cross-sectional study. J Endod. 2011 May;37(5):598-601. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.01.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.01.0...
(2011) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes is associated with the prevalence endodontic treatment and AP. |
Marotta et al.3434. Marotta PS, Fontes TV, Armada L, Lima KC, Rôças IN, Siqueira Junior JF. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the prevalence of apical periodontitis and endodontic treatment in an adult Brazilian population. J Endod. 2012 Mar;38(3):297-300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.11.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.11.0...
(2012) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes is not associated with the prevalence of AP. |
Pasqualini et al.4545. Pasqualini D, Bergandi L, Palumbo L, Borraccino A, Dambra V, Alovisi M et al. Association among oral health, apical periodontitis, CD14 polymorphisms, and coronary heart disease in middle-aged adults. J Endod. 2012 Dec;38(12):1570-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.08.013
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.08.0...
(2012) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
There is no correlation between AP and cardiovascular diseases. |
Astolphi et al.2020. Astolphi RD, Curbete MM, Colombo NH, Shirakashi DJ, Chiba FY, Prieto AK et al. Periapical lesions decrease insulin signal and cause insulin resistance. J Endod. 2013 May;39(5):648-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.12.031
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2012.12.0...
(2013) |
Rats |
Healthy |
AP increases the insulin signaling in serum |
Cintra et al.4141. Cintra LT, Facundo ACS, Azuma MM, Sumida DH, Astolphi RD, Bomfim SR et al. Pulpal and periodontal diseases increase triglyceride levels in diabetic rats. Clin Oral Investig. 2013 Jul;17(6):1595-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0853-7
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0853-...
(2013) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases AP bone resorption. AP increases triglycerides levels. |
Inchingolo et al.2424. Inchingolo F, Marrelli M, Annibali S, Cristalli MP, Dipalma G, Inchingolo AD et al. Influence of endodontic treatment on systemic oxidative stress. Int J Med Sci. 2013 Dec;11(1):1-6. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.6663
https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.6663...
(2013) |
Humans |
Healthy |
AP increases oxidative stress |
Cintra et al.2828. Cintra LT, Samuel RO, Facundo AC, Prieto AK, Sumida DH, Bomfim SR et al. Relationships between oral infections and blood glucose concentrations or HbA1c levels in normal and diabetic rats. Int Endod J. 2014 Mar;47(3):228-37. https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12136
https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12136...
(2014) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases AP bone resorption. AP increases HbA1 levels. |
Cintra et al.2929. Cintra LT, Facundo ACS, Prieto AK, Sumida DH, Narciso LG, Mogami Bomfim SR et al. Blood profile and histology in oral infections associated with diabetes. J Endod. 2014 Aug;40(8):1139-44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.034
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.01.0...
(2014) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases AP bone resorption. AP increases serum inflammatory cells. |
Cintra et al.3030. Cintra LT, Samuel RO, Azuma MM, Ribeiro CP, Narciso LG, Lima VM et al. Apical periodontitis and periodontal disease increase serum IL-17 levels in normoglycemic and diabetic rats. Clin Oral Investig. 2014 Dec;18(9):2123-8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1192-7
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1192-...
(2014) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases AP bone resorption. AP increases the proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 in blood. |
Costa et al.5050. Costa TH, Figueiredo Neto JA, Oliveira AE, Maia MFL, Almeida AL. Association between chronic apical periodontitis and coronary artery disease. J Endod. 2014 Feb;40(2):164-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.10.026
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.10.0...
(2014) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
AP increases the risk to develop coronary artery disease. |
Astolphi et al.2121. Astolphi RD, Curbete MM, Chiba FY, Cintra LT, Ervolino E, Mota MS et al. Periapical lesions decrease insulin signaling in rat skeletal muscle. J Endod. 2015 Aug;41(8):1305-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2015.04.0...
(2015) |
Rats |
Healthy |
AP increases the insulin signaling in skeletal muscle. |
Gomes-Filho et al.6060. Gomes-Filho JE, Wayama MT, Dornelles RC, Ervolino E, Yamanari GH, Lodi CS et al. Raloxifene modulates regulators of osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis in an oestrogen deficiency periapical lesion model. Int Endod J. 2015 Nov;48(11):1059-68. https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12403
https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12403...
(2015) |
Rats |
Hypoestrogenia |
Hypoestrogenism increases levels of the local regulators of both osteoclastogenesis and angiogenesis |
Gomes-Filho et al.6161. Gomes-Filho JE, Wayama MT, Dornelles RC, Ervolino E, Coclete GA, Duarte PC et al. Effect of raloxifene on periapical lesions in ovariectomized rats. J Endod. 2015 May;41(5):671-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.027
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.0...
(2015) |
Rats |
Hypoestrogenia |
Hypoestrogenism potentiates the progression of AP |
Sánchez-Domínguez et al.1818. Sánchez-Domínguez B, López-López J, Jané-Salas E, Castellanos-Cosano L, Velasco-Ortega E, Segura-Egea JJ. Glycated hemoglobin levels and prevalence of apical periodontitis in type 2 diabetic patients. J Endod. 2015 May;41(5):601-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.12.024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2014.12.0...
(2015) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
AP increases HbA1 levels. |
An et al.5151. An GK, Morse DE, Kunin M, Goldberger RS, Psoter WJ. Association of radiographically diagnosed apical periodontitis and cardiovascular disease: a hospital records-based study. J Endod. 2016 Jun;42(6):916-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.03.011
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.03.0...
(2016) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
Endodontic infection associated with cardiovascular diseases. |
Cintra et al.77. Cintra LT, Samuel RO, Azuma MM, Queiróz AO, Ervolino E, Sumida DH et al. Multiple apical periodontitis influences serum levels of cytokines and nitric oxide. J Endod. 2016 May;42(5):747-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.01.022
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.01.0...
(2016) |
Rats |
Healthy |
AP increases proinflammatory cytokines |
Gomes et al.4949. Gomes MS, Hugo FN, Hilgert JB, Sant’Ana Filho M, Padilha DM, Simonsick EM et al. Apical periodontitis and incident cardiovascular events in the Baltimore longitudinal study of ageing. Int Endod J. 2016 Apr;49(4):334-42. https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12468
https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.12468...
(2016) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
Endodontic infection associated with cardiovascular diseases. |
Grønkjær et al.5959. Grønkjær L, Holmstrup P, Schou S, Schwartz K, Kongstad J, Jepsen P et al. Presence and consequence of tooth periapical radiolucency in patients with cirrhosis. Hepat Med. 2016 Sep;8:97-103. https://doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S113485
https://doi.org/10.2147/HMER.S113485...
(2016) |
Humans |
Cirrhosis |
AP increases the prevalence of cirrhosis-related complications such as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and/or variceal bleeding. |
Lijestrand et al.44. Liljestrand JM, Mäntylä P, Paju S, Buhlin K, Kopra KA, Persson GR et al. Association of endodontic lesions with coronary artery disease. J Dent Res. 2016 Nov;95(12):1358-65. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034516660509
https://doi.org/10.1177/0022034516660509...
(2016) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
Endodontic infection associated with cardiovascular diseases. |
Martins et al.4848. Martins CM, Sasaki H, Hirai K, Andrada AC, Gomes-Filho JE. Relationship between hypertension and periapical lesion: an in vitro and in vivo study. Braz Oral Res. 2016 Oct;30(1):e78. https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2016.vol30.0078
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-201...
(2016) |
Rats |
Cardiovascular diseases |
Hypertension did not alter AP progression. Hypertension increases osteoclasts differentiation “in vitro”. |
Rudranaik et al.3737. Rudranaik S, Nayak M, Babshet M. Periapical healing outcome following single visit endodontic treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Clin Exp Dent. 2016 Dec;8(5):e498-504. https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.52859
https://doi.org/10.4317/jced.52859...
(2016) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases the bone loss in AP and decrease the healing capacity. |
Segura-Egea et al.4040. Segura-Egea JJ, Martín-González J, Cabanillas-Balsera D, Fouad AF, Velasco-Ortega E, López-López J. Association between diabetes and the prevalence of radiolucent periapical lesions in root-filled teeth: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig. 2016 Jul;20(6):1133-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1805-4
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-016-1805-...
(2016) |
Systematic review and meta-analysis |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases the prevalency of AP in endodontically treated teeth. |
Zhang et al.2323. Zhang J, Huang X, Lu B, Zhang C, Cai Z. Can apical periodontitis affect serum levels of CRP, IL-2, and IL-6 as well as induce pathological changes in remote organs? Clin Oral Investig. 2016 Sep;20(7):1617-24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1646-6
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1646-...
(2016) |
Rats |
Healthy |
AP increases the levels of CRP, IL-2, and IL-6 in blood. In addition, AP affects organs. |
Arya et al.1919. Arya S, Duhan J, Tewari S, Sangwan P, Ghalaut V, Aggarwal S. Healing of apical periodontitis after nonsurgical treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Endod. 2017 Oct;43(10):1623-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.013
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.0...
(2017) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes decreases periapical healing after endodontic treatment. AP increases HbA1 levels |
Azuma et al.3131. Azuma MM, Gomes-Filho JE, Prieto AK, Samuel RO, Lima VM, Sumida DH et al. Diabetes increases interleukin-17 levels in periapical, hepatic, and renal tissues in rats. Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Nov;83:230-5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.08.001
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.20...
(2017) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases interleukin-17 levels in periapical, hepatic, and renal tissues |
Cintra et al.4343. Cintra LT, Samuel RO, Prieto AK, Sumida DH, Dezan-Júnior E, Gomes-Filho JE. Oral health, diabetes, and body weight. Arch Oral Biol. 2017 Jan;73:94-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.10.002
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archoralbio.20...
(2017) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
AP alters body weight and weight of organs |
Khalighinejad et al.5656. Khalighinejad N, Aminoshariae A, Kulild JC, Sahly K, Mickel A. Association of end-stage renal disease with radiographically and clinically diagnosed apical periodontitis: a hospital-based study. J Endod. 2017 Sep;43(9):1438-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.04.014PMID:28712633 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.04.0...
(2017) |
Humans |
Renal disease |
End-stage renal diseases may possibly alter the pathogenesis of AP. AP increases the levels of urea. |
Khalighinejad et al.5757. Khalighinejad N, Aminoshariae A, Kulild JC, Mickel A. Apical periodontitis, a predictor variable for preeclampsia: a case-control study. J Endod. 2017 Oct;43(10):1611-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.021
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.0...
(2017) |
Humans |
Preeclampsia |
AP is a strong predictor for maternal preeclampsia. |
Pereira et al.2222. Pereira RF, Cintra LT, Tessarin GW, Chiba FY, Mattera MSLC, Scaramele NF, et al. Periapical lesions increase macrophage infiltration and inflammatory signaling in muscle tissue of rats. J Endod. 2017 Jun;43(6):982-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.01.030
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.01.0...
(2017) |
Rats |
Healthy |
AP promotes an increase in macrophage infiltration and inflammation in muscle tissue |
Piras et al.5858. Piras V, Usai P, Mezzena S, Susnik M, Ideo F, Schirru E et al. Prevalence of apical periodontitis in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: a retrospective clinical study. J Endod. 2017 Mar;43(3):389-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.11.004
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.11.0...
(2017) |
Humans |
Inflammatory bowel disease |
Inflammatory bowel disease increases the prevalence and bone loss of AP. |
Prieto et al.66. Prieto AK, Gomes-Filho JE, Azuma MM, Sivieri-Araújo G, Narciso LG, Souza JC et al. Influence of apical periodontitis on stress oxidative parameters in diabetic rats. J Endod. 2017 Oct;43(10):1651-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.014
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.0...
(2017) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Diabetes increases AP bone resorption. AP increase oxidative stress. |
Rashmi et al.4747. Rashmi N, Galhotra V, Goel P, Rajguru JP, Jha SK, Kulkarni K. Assessment of C-reactive proteins, cytokines, and plasma protein levels in hypertensive patients with apical periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2017 Jun;18(6):516-21. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2076
https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-1002...
(2017) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
AP alters systemic inflammatory markers in hypertensive patients. |
Smadi et al.3535. Smadi L. Apical Periodontitis and endodontic treatment in patients with type ii diabetes mellitus: comparative cross-sectional survey. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2017 May;18(5):358-62. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2046
https://doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-1002...
(2017) |
Humans |
Diabetes |
Diabetes is associated with the prevalence of AP. |
Singhal & Rai4444. Singhal RK, Rai B. sTNF-R Levels: Apical periodontitis linked to coronary heart disease. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2017 Mar;5(1):68-71. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.010
https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2017.010...
(2017) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
AP alters systemic inflammation. |
Tibúrcio-Machado et al.3636. Tibúrcio-Machado CD, Bello MC, Maier J, Wolle CF, Bier CA. Influence of diabetes in the development of apical periodontitis: a critical literature review of human studies. J Endod. 2017 Mar;43(3):370-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.11.012
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2016.11.0...
(2017) |
Critical literature review |
Diabetes |
Positive association between diabetes and a larger number of periapical lesions. |
Fereira et al.4242. Ferreira LL, Gomes JE, Sumida DH, Bonfim SR, Sivieri-Araújo G, Guimarães G et al. Diabetic rats present high mean platelet count in the presence of oral infections. Braz Dent J. 2017 Sep-Oct;28(5):548-51. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201701386
https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-64402017013...
(2017) |
Rats |
Diabetes |
Oral infections associated with diabetes increases mean platelet count. |
Virtanen et al.5252. Virtanen E, Nurmi T, Söder PÖ, Airila-Månsson S, Söder B, Meurman JH. Apical periodontitis associates with cardiovascular diseases: a cross-sectional study from Sweden. BMC Oral Health. 2017 Jul;17(1):107. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0401-6
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-017-0401-...
(2017) |
Humans |
Cardiovascular diseases |
AP is associated with cardiovascular diseases. |
Samuel et al.55. Samuel RO, Gomes-Filho JE, Azuma MM, Sumida DH, Oliveira SH, Chiba FY et al. Endodontic infections increase leukocyte and lymphocyte levels in the blood. Clin Oral Investig. 2018 Apr;22(3):1395-401. https://doio.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2222-z. https://doio.org/10.1007/s00784-017-2222...
(2018) |
Rats |
Healthy |
AP increases inflammatory cells in blood. |