Ahmed et al. (5555. Ahmed KA, Stauder MC, Miller RC, Bauer HJ, Rose PS, Olivier KR, et al. Stereotactic body radiation therapy in spinal metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;82(5):e803-9, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.11.036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011....
) |
Prospective case series |
SM: primary and reirradiation |
66 patients(85 lesions)24 Gy (SF and HF) |
BodyFix or thoracic-T double vacuum systemExacTrac X-ray system with a 6D robotic couch#
|
mOS (12 months): 52.2%LC (1 year): 91.2%No grade 4 toxicity |
Amdur et al. (5656. Amdur RJ, Bennett J, Olivier K, Wallace A, Morris CG, Liu C, et al. A prospective, phase II study demonstrating the potential value and limitation of radiosurgery for spine metastases. Am J Clin Oncol. 2009;32(5):515-20, 10.1097/COC.0b013e318194f70f. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/COC.0b013e3181...
) |
Prospective case series |
SM: primary and reirradiation |
21 patients(12 reirradiation)Dose: 15 Gy |
Customizedbody mold / onboard cone-beam CT |
OS (12 months): 60%43% pain reliefNo grade 3 or 4 toxicity |
Garg et al. (5757. Garg AK, Shiu AS, Yang J, Wang X-S, Allen P, Brown BW, et al. Phase 1/2 trial of single-session stereotactic body radiotherapy for previously unirradiated spinal metastases. Cancer. 2012;118(20):5069-77, 10.1002/cncr.27530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.27530...
) |
Prospective case series |
SM: primary SR |
61 patients(63 tumors)16-24Gy (SF) |
BodyFix / stereotactic localizer and target frame |
LC (18 months): 88%?Supports SR as first-line treatment |
Klish et al. (5858. Klish DS, Grossman P, Allen PK, Rhines LD, Chang EL. Irradiation of spinal metastases: should we continue to include one uninvolved vertebral body above and below in the radiation field? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2011;81(5):1495-9, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010....
) |
Prospective case series |
SM: reirradiation |
58 patientsDose: variable |
BodyFix / stereotactic localizer and target frame |
LC (12 months): 89.3%< 5% of isolated failures of the nonirradiated adjacent vertebral body = focal SR feasible |
Garg et al. (4545. Garg AK, Wang X-S, Shiu AS, Allen P, Yang J, McAleer MF, et al. Prospective evaluation of spinal reirradiation by using stereotactic body radiation therapy: The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center experience. Cancer. 2011;117(15):3509-16, 10.1002/cncr.25918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cncr.25918...
) |
Prospective case series |
SM: reirradiation |
59 patients(63 tumors)30 Gy (5 fractions)27 Gy (3 fractions) |
BodyFix stereotactic body frame system / stereotactic localizer and target frame |
OS (12 months): 76%LC (12 months): 100%Freedom from neurological injury: 92% |
Gerszten et al. (2222. Gerszten PC, Burton SA, Ozhasoglu C, Welch WC. Radiosurgery for spinal metastases: clinical experience in 500 cases from a single institution. Spine. 2007;32(2):193-9, 10.1097/01.brs.0000251863.76595.a2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.brs.0000251...
) |
Prospective nonrandomized cohort study |
SM: primary and reirradiation |
500 patients12.5 - 25 Gy (SF and HF) |
CyberKnife: Aquaplast facemask$ |
LC: 90% of primary lesions and 88% of lesions treated for radiographic tumor progressionClinical improvement (previous neurologic deficit): 84%Long-term pain improvement: 86% |
Haley et al. (5959. Haley ML, Gerszten PC, Heron DE, Chang Y-F, Atteberry DS, Burton SA. Efficacy and cost-effectiveness analysis of external beam and stereotactic body radiation therapy in the treatment of spine metastases: a matched-pair analysis. J Neurosurg Spine. 2011;14(4):537-42, 10.3171/2010.12.SPINE10233.. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2010.12.SPINE1...
) |
Prospective case series |
Efficacy and cost effectiveness of CRT versus SR |
44 patients(22 CRT and 22 SR)Dose: variable |
CyberKnife system |
Similar pain reliefNo late complications in either groupCRT: more acute toxicities and was more likely to require additional interventions |
Folkert et al. (3232. Folkert MR, Bilsky MH, Tom AK, Oh JH, Alektiar KM, Laufer I, et al. Outcomes and toxicity for hypofractionated and single-fraction image-guided stereotactic radiosurgery for sarcomas metastasizing to the spine. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2014 Apr 1;88(5):1085-91, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.12.042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013....
) |
Retrospective case series |
SM: primary and reirradiation (sarcoma) |
120 lesions(SF and HF 24 Gy) |
Noninvasive customized cradle / onboard imaging (orthogonal KV imaging and cone-beam CT) |
OS 60%LC (12 months) 87.9%Low toxicity reported |
Zelefsky et al. (6060. Zelefsky MJ, Greco C, Motzer R, Magsanoc JM, Pei X, Lovelock M, et al. Tumor control outcomes after hypofractionated and single-dose stereotactic image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy for extracranial metastases from renal cell carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012;82(5):1744-8, 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.02.040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011....
) |
Retrospective case series |
SM: primary and reirradiation (renal cell) |
105 lesions(SF and HF)Dose: 24 Gy |
Customized cradle / digitally reconstructed radiographs from the simulation studies for each field’s beam’s eye view |
PFS (36 months - HF): 17%PFS (36 months -SF 24 Gy): 88%SF: improve local control |