Nelson et al. (2626. Nelson RG, Morgenstern H, Bennett PH. Birth weight and renal disease in Pima Indians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148(7):650-6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/148.7.650. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/148.7.650...
), 1998 |
United States |
Prospective and retrospective cohort study |
Pima Indians and closely related Tohono O'odham Indians with type 2 diabetes |
34±8 Range: 20 to 61 |
LBW <2500 g vs. Normal BW (between 2500 g and 4500 g) |
LBW: 16 Normal BW: 281 |
Microalbuminuria: ACR≥30 mg/g |
LBW: 10 Normal BW: 114 |
Microalbuminuria: 1.54 [1.03, 2.31] |
Hoy et al. (77. Hoy WE, Rees M, Kile E, Mathews JD, Wang Z. A new dimension to the Barker hypothesis: low birthweight and susceptibility to renal disease. Kidney Int. 1999;56(3):1072-7, http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00633.x. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.19...
), 1999 |
Australia |
Cross-sectional study |
Aborigines in the Australian Northern Territory |
27.1 Range: 20 to 38 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. Normal BW (≥250 0 g) |
LBW: 111 Normal BW: 206 |
Albumin/ creatinine ratio (g/mol) |
LBW: 3.1 (2.2-4.3) Normal BW: 2.2 (1.7-2.8) |
ACR: 0.90 [-0.12, 1.92] |
Kistner et al. (2828. Kistner A, Celsi G, Vanpee M, Jacobson SH. Increased blood pressure but normal renal function in adult women born preterm. Pediatr Nephrol. 2000;15(3-4):215-20, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670000473. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004670000473...
), 2000 |
Sweden |
Retrospective cohort study |
Women born full term in Stockholm |
26±1.9 |
(1) BW <2600 g and SGA (<25th percentile for gestational age) vs. (2) Normal BW for gestational age |
(1): 18 (2): 17 |
Glomerular filtration rate (clearance of iohexol) |
(1): 100±14 ml/min/1.73 m2 (2): 107±14 ml/min/1.73 m2
|
GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2): -7.00 [-16.28, 2.28] |
Lackland (2020. Lackland DT, Bendall HE, Osmond C, Egan BM, Barker DJ. Low birth weights contribute to high rates of early-onset chronic renal failure in the Southeastern United States. Arch Intern Med. 2000;160(10):1472-6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.10.1472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinte.160.1...
), 2000 |
United States |
Case-control study |
Patients with chronic renal failure on dialysis from 1991 through 1996 |
34 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. 2500 g ≤ BW < 3999 g |
LBW: 369 Normal BW: 2966 |
End-stage renal disease |
LBW: 147 Normal BW: 959 |
ESRD: 1.23 [1.08, 1.41] |
Vásárhelyi et al. (2929. Baschat AA. Pathophysiology of fetal growth restriction: implications for diagnosis and surveillance. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 2004;59(8):617-27, http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.OGX.0000133943.54530.76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.OGX.0000133...
), 2000 |
Hungary |
Prospective cohort study |
Healthy young Caucasian men |
Range: 19 to 21 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. Normal BW (>2500 g) |
LBW: 49 Normal BW: 16 |
Glomerular filtration rate (Schwartz formula) Albumin/ creatinine ratio (g/mol) |
LBW: 127±22 ml/min Normal BW: 125±17 ml/min LBW: 0.91±2 g/mol Normal BW: 0.83±0.41 g/mol |
GFR (ml/min): 2.00 [-8.36, 12.36] ACR: 0.08 [-0.58, 0.74] |
Dyck et al. (1919. Dyck R, Klomp H, Tan L, Stang MR. An association of maternal age and birth weight with end-stage renal disease in Saskatchewan. Sub-analysis of registered Indians and those with diabetes. Am J Nephrol. 2003;23(6):395-402, http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000074066. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000074066...
), 2003 |
Canada |
Case-control study |
Saskatchewan patients born after 1949 with ESRD diagnosed from 1981 through 1998 |
- |
LBW (≥2500 g) vs. Normal BW (between 2500 g and 4000 g) |
LBW: 47 Normal BW: 748 |
End-stage renal disease (dialysis or renal transplant) |
LBW: 20 Normal BW: 235 |
ESRD: 1.35 [0.96, 1.92] |
Gielen et al. (2727. Gielen M, Pinto-Sietsma SJ, Zeegers MP, Loos RJ, Fagard R, de Leeuw PW, et al. Birth weight and creatinine clearance in Young adult twins: influence of genetic, prenatal, and maternal factors. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(8):2471-6, http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2004030210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2004030210...
), 2005 |
Belgium |
Cross-sectional study |
Monozygotic and dizygotic twins |
25.6 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. High BW (≥2500 g) |
LBW: 304 High BW: 349 |
Glomerular filtration rate (creatinine clearance corrected for body surface area) |
LBW: 93±28 ml/min High BW: 98±27 ml/min LBW: 93±24 ml/min/1.73 m2 High BW: 94±22 ml/min/1.73 m2
|
GFR (ml/min): -5.00 [-9.23, -0.77] GFR (ml/min/1.73 m2): -1.00 [-4.55, 2.55] |
Al Salmi et al. (2222. Al Salmi I, Hoy W, Hoy Z, Gobe G, Shaw J. Lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR) among low birth weight people in the general Australian population: results from the AusDiab Study. In: 42nd Annual Scientific Meeting of the Australian & New Zealand Society of Nephrology; 2006; Melbourne, Australia.), 2006 |
Australia |
Cross-sectional study |
Ausdiab study population |
≥25 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. Normal BW (≥2500 g) |
LBW: 42 Normal BW: 438 |
Glomerular filtration rate (serum creatinine and lean body mass) |
LBW: 74.9 ml/min (69.3-80.5) Normal BW: 84.4 ml/min (82.7-86.1) |
GFR (ml/min): -9.50 (-15.19; -3.81) |
Fan et al. (1818. Fan ZJ, Lackland DT, Lipsitz SR, Nicholas JS. The association of low birthweight and chronic renal failure among Medicaid young adults with diabetes and/or hypertension. Public Health Rep. 2006;121(3):239-44, http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003335490612100304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549061210...
), 2006 |
United States |
Cross-sectional study |
Caucasian and African American adults enrolled in the Medicaid program from 1993 to 1996 and diagnosed with diabetes or hypertension |
Range: 18 to 50 Cases: 33.9±0.1 Controls: 37.6±0.6 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. Normal BW (between 2500 g and 3999 g) |
LBW: 860 Normal BW: 6037 |
End-stage renal disease |
LBW: 27 Normal BW: 132 |
ESRD: 1.44 [0.96, 2.16] |
Al Salmi et al. (2121. Al Salmi I, Hoy WE, Kondalsamy-Chennakes S, Wang Z, Healy H, Shaw JE. Birth weight and stages of CKD: a case-control study in an Australian population. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;52(6):1070-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.04.028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.04...
), 2008 |
Australia |
Case-control study |
Patients attending the Nephrology Department during the first quarter of 2004 |
Cases: 63.1±14.4 Controls: 62.7±16.6 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. Normal BW |
LBW: 20 Normal BW: 193 |
End-stage renal disease (GFR>15 ml/min/1.73 m2 or on dialysis therapy) |
LBW: 13 Normal BW: 58 |
ESRD: 2.16 [1.47, 3.18] |
Li et al. (2525. Li S, Chen SC, Shlipak M, Bakris G, McCullough PA, Sowers J, et al. Low birth weight is associated with chronic kidney disease only in men. Kidney Int. 2008;73(5):637-42, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ki.5002747. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ki.5002747...
), 2008 |
United States |
Cross-sectional study |
Patients with diabetes or hypertension or with a first-degree relative affected, registered in KEEP |
49.1±13.5 Range: 18 to 75 |
LBW (<2500 g) vs. Normal BW (between 2500 g and 3999 g) |
LBW: 1845 Normal BW: 9754 |
Microalbuminuria: ACR≥30 mg/g |
LBW: 481 Normal BW: 1840 |
Microalbuminuria: 1.38 [1.27, 1.51] |
Laganovic et al. (2424. Laganovic M, Lela IV, Karanovic S, et al. Renal shape and function in young adult men born after intrauterine growth retardation and preterm birth. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2012;27:ii120.), 2012 |
Croatia |
Cross-sectional study |
Healthy men |
Cases: 21±0.89 Controls: 21.5±1.02 |
SGA (<10th percentile for gestational age according to the Croatian population) vs. AGA (>2500 g and full term) |
SGA: 95 AGA: 90 |
Glomerular filtration rate (Cockcroft-Gault equation) Microalbuminuria: 2.2<ACR<22 mg/mmol Albumin/ creatinine ratio (g/mol) |
SGA: 118.99±21.99 ml/min AGA: 131.88±23.02 ml/min SGA: 12 AGA: 4 SGA: 1.29±3.4 g/mol AGA: 0.59±0.8 g/mol |
GFR (ml/min): -12.89 [-19.38, -6.40] Microalbuminuria: 2.84 [0.95, 8.49] ACR: 0.70 [-0.00, 1.40] |
Ruggajo et al.(2323. Ruggajo P, Skrunes R, Svarstad E, Skjærven R, Reisæther AV, Vikse BE. Familial Factors, Low Birth Weight, and Development of ESRD: A Nationwide Registry Study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2016;67(4):601-8, http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.11.015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.ajkd.2015.11...
), 2016 |
Norway |
Retrospective cohort study |
Subjects registered in the Norwegian Renal Registry with ESRD or with a sibling who had ESRD or was SGA |
Range: 18 to 42 |
LBW (< the sex-specific 10th percentile) vs. Normal BW (> 10th percentile) |
LBW: 99170 Normal BW: 904964 |
End-stage renal disease (dialysis or kidney transplantation) |
LBW: 45 Normal BW: 306 |
ESRD: 1.34 [0.98, 1.83] |