Immune response, blood parameters and growth performance in broiler fed reduced protein diet supplemented with β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate and conjugated linoleic acid

Saki, Ali Asghar; Khoramabadi, Vahid; Nourian, Ali Reza; Zamani, Pouya

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.38000

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NONRUMINANT NUTRITION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 40 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.38000 copy

Immune response, blood parameters and growth performance in broiler fed reduced protein diet supplemented with β-hydroxy-β-methyl butyrate and conjugated linoleic acid

Resposta imune, parâmetros sanguíneos e crescimento da performance dos frangos de corte alimentados com dieta de proteína reduzida e suplementada com beta-hidroxi-beta-metilbutírico e ácido linoleico conjugado

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

In this experiment a total of 300 d-old broilers (Ross 308) were randomized across 20 floor pens and reared up to 42 d. Treatments includes: 1) A normal-protein diet (NPD) was formulated according to the Ross 308 recommendation (2014) by corn and soybean meal, 2) A reduced-protein diet (RPD) was prepared with dietary protein reduced by 12 g kg^-1 (1.2%) relative to the NPD, 3) HMB+ RDP, 4) CLA+RDP and 5) CLA+ HMB+ RDP. The results showed that broilers fed HMB diet had higher Average Daily Gain (ADG) and Feed Conversion Rate (FCR) significantly improved by HMB during the grower or the whole period (p < 0.05). Titer of serum antibodies of Newcastle disease was maximum in treatment supplemented with CLA+HMB compared to the control (RPD) in day 42. In comparison with the control, feeding CLA increased Lymphocyte and decreased heterophil and H/ L ratio (p < 0.05). Insulin hormone secretion increased by dietary HMB (p < 0.05). Red Blood Cells (RBC) and Hemoglobin (Hb) was significantly increased by HMB supplemented diet (p < 0.05). It could be concluded that supplementations of HMB and CLA together in reduced-protein diet have positive effect on growth performance, immune system and hematological parameter.

Keywords:
hematological parameter; insulin; blood cell; low protein diet; protein synthesis

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Ingredients	Period of examine
	0-7	8-24		25-42
	NPD¹	NPD	RPD²	NPD	RPD
Corn	52.2	50.64	55.04	55.73	60.07
Soy bean meal	40.85	39.74	35.87	34.34	30.53
Soy bean Oil	2.45	5.73	4.93	6.30	5.52
Dicalcium phosphate	1.92	1.68	1.72	1.51	1.55
Limestone	1.05	0.96	0.97	0.89	0.9
Vitamin³ and Mineral⁴ premix	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
DL-Methionine	0.37	0.3	0.34	0.27	0.31
L-Lysine	0.19	0.04	0.17	0.05	0.19
NaCl	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
NaHCO₃	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1
L- Threonine	0.07	0.01	0.06	-	0.05
Total	100	100	100	100	100
Calculated values
ME (kcal kg^-1)	2900	3100	3100	3200	3200
‍Crude protein (%)	22.33	21.5	20.31	19.5	18.33
Calcium (%)	0.96	0.87	0.87	0.79	0.79
Available phosphorus (%)	0.48	0.43	0.43	0.39	0.39
Sodium (%)	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16	0.16
Lysine (%)	1.44	1.29	1.29	1.16	1.16
Methionine (%)	0.7	0.63	0.64	0.57	0.59
Methionine + Cystine(%)	1.08	0.99	0.99	0.91	0.91
Threonine (%)	0.97	0.88	0.88	0.79	0.78
Tryptophan (%)	0.28	0.27	0.25	0.24	0.22

	7-21day			21-42 day			7-42 day
Treatment	FI⁴(g d^-1)	ADG⁵(g)	FCR⁶	FI(g d^-1)	ADG(g)	FCR	FI(g d^-1)	ADG(g)	FCR
NPD¹	40.4	27.1	1.49	175^b	92.3^b	1.89^ab	118^b	65.1^b	1.82^ab
RPD²	39.6	27	1.47	177^ab	91.1^b	1.95^a	119^b	64.4^b	1.85^a
RPD+ CLA³	40.5	28.7	1.40	179^ab	96.5^b	1.86^ab	121^ab	68.2^b	1.78^ab
RPD+HMB⁴	40.6	28.3	1.43	193^a	108.1^a	1.79^b	130^a	74.8^a	1.73^b
RPD+CLA+HMB	40.5	28.4	1.42	183^ab	100.2^ab	1.83^b	124^ab	70.3^ab	1.76^ab
SEM	0.42	0.57	0.02	3.75	2.2	0.02	2.27	1.42	0.02
P-Value
CLA	0.33	0.11	0.18	0.26	0.58	0.41	0.41	0.82	0.29
HMB	0.25	0.41	0.71	0.016	0.0003	0.01	0.01	0.0005	0.007
CLA*HMB	0.28	0.17	0.29	0.14	0.008	0.09	0.09	0.01	0.03

	28 day	42 day	35 day	42 day
Treatment	ND⁵	ND	SRBC	SRBC
NPD¹	2.5	1.00^b	2.00	4.25
RPD²	2.75	1.25^b	2.00	4.75
RPD+ CLA³	2.75	1.75^ab	1.75	4.75
RPD+HMB⁴	2.75	2.00^ab	2.50	5.5
RPD+CLA+HMB	3	2.75^a	2.50	6.75
SEM	0.231	0.322	0.423	0.93
P-Value
CLA	0.599	0.071	0.771	0.512
HMB	0.599	0.016	0.160	0.160
CLA*HMB	0.599	0.704	0.771	0.512

Treatment	WBC⁵ Num mm^-3	L⁶ (%)	H⁷ (%)	H/L	M⁸ (%)
NPD¹	12989^b	36.5^b	46.7^a	1.28^a	14.5
RPD²	12961^b	36.5^b	46.5^a	1.27^a	14.2
RPD+ CLA³	15352^ab	42.2^a	40.7^b	0.97^b	15
RPD+HMB⁴	15512^a	41.2^ab	43.5^ab	1.05^ab	15.5
RPD+CLA+HMB	15602^b	41.0^ab	42.2^ab	1.03^b	15.2
SEM	575	1.15	1.14	0.053	0.397
CLA	0.047	0.03	0.007	0.008	0.539
HMB	0.027	0.149	0.52	0.164	0.079
CLA*HMB	0.064	0.019	0.067	0.022	0.228

Treatment	Insulin	GH
NPD¹	5.87^ab	0.67
RPD²	5.7^b	0.67
RPD+ CLA³	5.95^ab	0.68
RPD+HMB⁴	6.12^a	0.66
RPD+CLA+HMB	6.1^a	6.75
SEM	0.085	0.013
p-Value
CLA	0.13	0.19
HMB	0.005	0.75
CLA*HMB	0.25	0.79

Treatment	RBC⁵ 10⁶ mm^-3	Hb⁶ (g dL^-1)	Hct⁷ (%)	MCV⁸ F L	PLt⁹ Num mm^-3
NPD¹	1.78^ab	10.82^ab	21.82	115.9^ab	12.5
RPD²	1.55^b	8.37^b	18.65	115^b	13
RPD+ CLA³	2.29^ab	13.65^ab	26.57	116.5^ab	12.2
RPD+HMB⁴	2.52^a	14.6^a	28.8	115.4^b	13
RPD+CLA+HMB	2.30^ab	13.82^a	27.55	118.4^a	12.2
SEM	0.201	1.209	2.83	0.6	0.376

CLA	0.214	0.082	0.258	0.001	0.065
HMB	0.027	0.018	0.069	0.073	1.00
CLA*HMB	0.031	0.024	0.127	0.226	1.00