Carcass and cut traits in nulliparous and lambed female sheep of different ages and genetic groups

Esteves, Geisa Isilda Ferreira; Peripolli, Vanessa; Tanure, Candice Bergmann; Souza, Jurandir Rodrigues de; Louvandini, Helder; McManus, Concepta

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.34863

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 40 • 2018 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v40i1.34863 copy

Carcass and cut traits in nulliparous and lambed female sheep of different ages and genetic groups

Características da carcaça e dos cortes de fêmeas ovinas prenhes e não prenhes de diferentes idades e grupos genéticos

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the influence of genetic group, pregnancy and animal age on the carcass traits and commercial cut patterns of sheep carcasses. In the first experiment, the effect of pregnancy and genetic group were evaluated on 61 eleven month old Santa Inês ewes and their crosses with Texel, Dorper and Ile de France. Experiment 2 was carried out with 132 Santa Inês nulliparous or lambed ewes slaughtered with ages ranging from 6 to 48 months to evaluate the influence of age on carcass traits. For both experiments, hot carcass weight, cold carcass weight, carcass yield, cold carcass yield and carcass length were measured, as well as the yields and percentages of shoulder, neck, loin, belly, ribs, leg and leg length and perimeter. In experiment 1, the Santa Inês breed presented similar carcass and cut traits compared to the others genetic groups evaluated, except for fasting body weight. Lambed animals had lower body condition score than nulliparous females. In experiment 2, fasting body weight, loin, rib and leg weights, as well as the leg perimeter, presented a quadratic effect with increasing age. Ideal slaughter age is before 16 months to obtain more expensive cuts.

Keywords:
carcass yield; parturition; slaughter, weight

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[1] *Autor para correspondência. E-mail: vanessa.peripolli@hotmail.com

Traits	Mean	SEM	R²	Pr > F
Traits	Mean	SEM	R²	Genetic group	Pregnancy	Genetic group * Pregnancy
BCS (1-5 scale)	3.21	0.068	0.25	0.400	0.004	0.391
FBW (kg)	42.6	0.924	0.19	0.089	0.112	0.702
HCW (kg)	19.11	0.529	0.17	0.181	0.092	0.570
HCY (%)	44.64	0.437	0.11	0.913	0.233	0.260
CCW (kg)	18.77	0.516	0.17	0.159	0.093	0.601
CCY (%)	43.86	0.425	0.10	0.852	0.240	0.333
KO	0.43	0.004	0.09	0.935	0.273	0.349
CL (cm)	66.16	0.505	0.12	0.786	0.256	0.269
RW (cm)	12.15	0.215	0.13	0.313	0.400	0.261
CW (cm)	11.64	0.166	0.14	0.127	0.139	0.779
Shoulder (kg)	1.82	0.049	0.16	0.208	0.056	0.712
Neck (kg)	1.46	0.037	0.12	0.623	0.049	0.674
Loin (kg)	1.10	0.048	0.26	0.012	0.12	0.344
Rib (kg)	2.46	0.087	0.13	0.272	0.082	0.774
Belly (kg)	0.45	0.021	0.06	0.323	0.547	0.989
Leg (kg)	3.23	0.081	0.18	0.112	0.103	0.641
Leg perimeter (cm)	41.42	0.400	0.16	0.030	0.427	0.952
Shoulder (%)	0.19	0.001	0.14	0.292	0.305	0.398
Neck (%)	0.07	0.001	0.11	0.453	0.781	0.632
Loin (%)	0.10	0.003	0.05	0.049	0.407	0.349
Rib (%)	0.26	0.003	0.09	0.613	0.304	0.517
Flank skirt (%)	0.04	0.001	0.10	0.246	0.748	0.478
Leg (%)	0.35	0.002	0.02	0.973	0.505	0.954

Traits	Genetic group				Pregnancy
Traits	Dor-per	Ile de France	Texel	Santa Inês	Lambed	Nulliparous
BCS (1-5 scale)	3.16	3.30	3.32	3.03	2.95b	3.36^a
FBW (kg)	42.71^a	46.04^a	42.30^a	39.10^b	41.32	43.36
HCW (kg)	19.10	20.83	18.91	17.54	18.22^b	19.65^a
CCW (kg)	18.71	20.51	18.59	17.22	17.92^a	19.29^b
Shoulder (kg)	1.76	1.95	1.86	1.68	1.71^b	1.88^a
Neck (kg)	1.47	1.52	1.42	1.44	1.38^b	1.51^a
Loin (kg)	1.10^ab	1.37^a	1.00^b	0.94^b	1.05	1.13
Rib (kg)	2.36	2.70	2.48	2.30	2.29^b	2.56^a
Leg perimeter (cm)	42.47^a	42.28^a	41.23^ab	39.38^b	41.43	41.42
Loin (%)	0.12^ab	0.13^b	0.12^ab	0.10^a	0.11	0.113

Traits	Ewes slaughter with 21 months		Ewes slaughtered with different ages
Traits	Factor 1	Factor 2	Factor 1	Factor 2
BCS	0.79023	-0.02652	0.64716	0.25119
FBW	0.90749	0.30576	0.91945	-0.19547
HCW	0.98239	0.04387	0.97725	0.06354
HCY	0.75390	-0.58549	0.36635	0.72204
CCW	0.98201	0.04204	0.98329	0.01259
CCY	0.74195	-0.59933	0.40566	0.61415
KO	0.73390	-0.60386	0.39990	0.60764
CL	0.72911	0.07011	0.41747	-0.66651
RW	0.32321	0.10117
CW	-0.07765	0.17856
Shoulder (kg)	0.92888	0.15279	0.95060	-0.17209
Neck (kg)	0.81616	-0.23551	0.87040	-0.32945
Loin (kg)	0.77554	0.22296	0.85598	-0.15498
Rib (kg)	0.93507	0.03137	0.76586	0.48887
Flank skirt (kg)	0.78709	0.29953	0.82476	-0.07645
Leg (kg)	0.94854	0.18658	0.92820	0.18963
Leg lenght (cm)	0.37949	-0.06751	0.56244	-0.06953
Leg perimeter (cm)	0.73901	0.37571
Shoulder (%)	-0.16994	0.31359	0.04447	-0.59254
Neck (%)	-0.31792	-0.41740	0.25690	-0.64238
Loin (%)	0.29469	0.33995	0.37462	-0.34649
Rib (%)	0.39882	-0.01979	-0.02090	0.78388
Flank skirt (%)	0.28919	0.43602	0.32805	-0.14057
Leg (%)	-0.39050	0.50225	-0.03187	0.54064

Traits	Ewe age (months)						Mean	SEM	R²	Pr>F
Traits	6	12	21	24	36	48	Mean	SEM	R²	Age
BCS (1-5 scale)	3.05	3.66	3.03	2.80	2.60	3.14	3.04	0.05	0.11	0.063
FBW (kg)	28.80	36.60	39.10	36.80	34.20	38.21	32.48	0.483	0.50	<0.0001¹
HCW (kg)	13.62	19.45	17.54	15.26	14.97	16.32	16.19	0.329	0.14	0.0003²
HCY (%)	47.04	52.91	44.80	43.27	41.31	42.59	45.32	0.606	0.19	0.0912
CCW (kg)	13.13	19.00	17.23	14.9	14.80	15.71	15.79	0.283	0.31	<0.0001³
CCY (%)	45.50	51.64	43.99	43.00	40.32	41.07	44.25	0.464	0.15	0.0999
KO	0.45	0.51	0.44	0.43	0.41	0.43	0.44	0.004	0.14	0.0808
CL	60.00	64.00	65.35	83.40	79.00	85.43	66.67	0.441	0.85	<0.0001⁴
Shoulder (kg)	1.20	1.38	1.70	1.62	1.55	1.75	1.39	0.025	0.49	<0.0001⁵
Neck (kg)	0.74	0.80	1.45	1.25	1.32	1.40	0.99	0.023	0.67	<0.0001⁶
Loin (kg)	0.60	0.60	0.94	0.77	0.84	0.96	0.71	0.018	0.46	<0.0001⁷
Rib (kg)	1.87	2.37	2.30	1.11	1.21	1.22	1.77	0.042	0.47	<0.0001⁸
Flank skirt (kg)	0.31	0.52	0.39	0.36	0.48	0.43	0.36	0.016	0.14	0.0156⁹
Leg (kg)	2.17	2.38	2.94	2.12	2.09	2.25	2.28	0.038	0.34	<0.0001¹⁰
Leg perimeter (cm)	35.44	38.00	39.38	36.20	34.2	36.71	36.2	0.291	0.22	0.0003¹¹
Shoulder (%)	0.18	0.15	0.20	0.21	0.21	0.21	0.19	0.001	0.41	<0.0001¹²
Neck (%)	0.06	0.04	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.09	0.067	0.001	0.26	<0.0001¹³
Loin (%)	0.09	0.06	0.10	0.11	0.10	0.12	0.09	0.002	0.25	<0.0001¹⁴
Rib (%)	0.28	0.25	0.26	0.15	0.16	0.15	0.24	0.003	0.77	<0.0001¹⁵
Flank skirt (%)	0.05	0.05	0.04	0.05	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.001	0.07	0.0727
Leg (%)	0.33	0.26	0.34	0.28	0.27	0.27	0.31	0.002	0.58	0.2007

Trait	R²	Equation	Inflexion Point (months) Broken line
HCW	0.50	$y = 12.17 + 0.01 x^{2}$	8.5
CCW	0.51	$y = 9.94 + 0.42 x$	8.2
CL	0.52	$y = 56.73 + 0.44 x$	14
RW	0.50	$y = 20.48 + 0.39 x$	21
CW	0.18	$y = 13.72 + 0.04 x$	21
Shoulder	0.55	$y = 0.90 + 0.04 x$	14
Neck	0.71	$y = 0.65 + 0.01 x^{2}$	21
Loin	0.40	$y = 0.39 + 0.03 x$	21
Rib	0.31	$y = 1.70 + 0.001 x^{2}$	19
Belly	0.35	$y = 0.24 + 0.0004 x^{3}$	8.0
Leg	0.56	$y = 2.01 + 0.002 x^{2}$	16