Herbicide selectivity in pre-sprouted seedlings of ‘CTC14’ sugarcane

Garcia, Mirela Peroni; Hijano, Neriane; Chaves, Ana Rosália Calixto da Silva; Nepomuceno, Mariluce Pascoina; Alves, Pedro Luis da Costa Aguiar

doi:10.1590/1808-1657000612018

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SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE, PESTICIDES • Arq. Inst. Biol. 86 • 2019 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000612018 copy

Herbicide selectivity in pre-sprouted seedlings of ‘CTC14’ sugarcane

Seletividade de herbicidas em mudas pré-brotadas de cana-de-açúcar ‘CTC14’

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT:

A new sugarcane planting system, using pre-sprouted seedlings (PSS) to replace sugarcane stem fragments, substantiates the hypothesis of this study that there might be seedling toxicity by herbicides that are sprayed at pre-emergence in traditional systems. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to study the selectivity of herbicides applied at pre-planting in PSS. A field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, using seven treatments and four replications. Herbicides were sprayed and, 24 hours later, the seedlings were planted. At the beggining of seedling development, all herbicide treatments showed phytotoxicity, but the symptoms decreased with the growth and development of seedlings, with no difference in height, stem diameter, number of leaves, quantum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) and dry matter of plants between treatments. There was also no significant difference in the yield and technological characteristics of stems. All herbicides used were selective to sugarcane seedlings when applied at pre-planting in the PSS system.

KEYWORDS:
Saccharum spp.; phytotoxicity; chemical control

Treat. No.	Commercial name	Active ingredient	Doses (g a.i ha^-1)
1	Goal	Oxyfluorfen	600
1	Boral 500SC	Sulfentrazone	750
2	Goal	Oxyfluorfen	720
2	Atrazine	Atrazine	2500
3	Combine 500SC	Tebuthiuron	1100
3	Boral 500SC	Sulfentrazone	750
4	Dual Gold	S-metolachlor	2112
4	Boral 500SC	Sulfentrazone	750
5	Gamit 360CS	Clomazone	1008
5	Atrazine	Atrazine	2500
6	Gamit 360CS	Clomazone	1080
6	Boral 500SC	Sulfentrazone	750
7		Weed control	-
7		Weed control	-

Field conditions	Beginning of application	End of application
Time	10:30 a.m.	12:00 a.m.
Air temperature	24.0°C	26.0°C
Soil temperature	21.0°C	22.4°C
Air humidity	63.0	59.0
Wind speed	3.0 km/h	4.0 km/h

	Treat.	8 DAA	15 DAA	29 DAA	49 DAA	78 DAA
1	oxyf + sulf	32.50 a⁽¹⁾	27.50 ab	12.50 a	11.25 a	5.00 a
2	oxyf + atraz	27.50 ab	31.25 a	8.75 ab	11.25 a	3.75 ab
3	tebu + sulf	11.25 cd	13.75 cd	5.00 bc	10.00 ab	6.25 a
4	s-met + sulf	18.75 bc	11.25 d	7.50 ab	1.25 bc	0.00 b
5	clom + atraz	16.25 bc	22.50 abc	5.00 bc	8.75 abc	2.50 ab
6	clom + sulf	15.00 bc	18.75 bcd	3.75 bc	3.75 abc	0.00 b
7	control.	0.00 d	0.00 e	0.00 c	0.00 c	0.00 b
	F	14.50**	19.87**	7.10**	5.69**	9.10**
	CV (%)	32.27	26.63	49.22	61.23	69.01
	MSD	12.85	10.94	6.87	9.30	3.97

	Treat.	LA	DM s + s	DML
1	oxyf + sulf	4992.50 a⁽¹⁾	40.75 a	52.00 a
2	oxyf + atraz	5247.00 a	58.50 a	65.50 a
3	tebu + sulf	5417.83 a	44.00 a	54.50 a
4	s-met + sulf	4467.33 a	52.00 a	58.50 a
5	clom + atraz	6844.67 a	62.50 a	68.00 a
6	clom + sulf	5214.17 a	45.25 a	53.25 a
7	grass. cont.	5914.00 a	49.25 a	58.25 a
	F	1.34^NS	1.95^NS	1.41^NS
	CV (%)	20.77	22.54	17.60
	MSD	3152.11	26.08	23.70

	Treat.	t/ha (M. 1)	t/ha (M. 2)	BRIX ________	POL ________ (%)	PURITY _______	FIBER _______	TRS (kg/ton)
1	oxyf + sulf	107.98 a⁽¹⁾	129.08 a	17.78 a	15.16 a	85.23 a	12.76 a	127.50 a
2	oxyf + atraz	100.91 a	134.52 a	17.28 a	14.67 a	85.00 a	12.92 a	123.39 a
3	tebu + sulf	101.29 a	118.44 a	17.23 a	14.55 a	84.42 a	12.48 a	123.41 a
4	s-met + sulf	106.28 a	132.70 a	17.36 a	14.73 a	84.83 a	12.84 a	123.92 a
5	clom + atraz	100.52 a	128.43 a	16.77 a	14.03 a	83.61 a	12.19 a	120.02 a
6	clom + sulf	116.01 a	150.68 a	17.28 a	14.59 a	84.37 a	12.72 a	123.20 a
7	grass.cont.	119.59 a	144.69 a	18.03 a	15.43 a	85.60 a	12.61 a	129.94 a
	F	0.90^NS	0.85^NS	1.17^NS	1.27^NS	1.06^NS	1.52^NS	1.24^NS
	CV (%)	14.99	17.41	4.17	5.42	1.50	3.20	4.67
	MSD	37.07	53.69	1.67	1.84	2.92	0.93	13.36

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[1] *Corresponding author: pl.alves@unesp.br