Al-Rowaily et al. (2012) |
King Abdulaziz Medical City, Saudi Arabia |
2574 (4-8 years) |
Auditory threshold 1, 2 and 4 kHz
|
20 dB |
1.75% (1.25-2.25) |
otitis media, cerumen, chronic otitis media, sensorineural hearing loss, tympanic perforation
|
Al-Khabori et al. (2004) |
Oman |
11,400 individuals
|
Screening at 1, 2 and 4 kHz |
>25 dB Immediate re-test at 35 dB |
0-9 years, 16.7% (12.71-20.76) |
Cerumen, presbycusis, infections,
|
|
|
|
|
|
10-19 years, 33.3% (27.63-38.91) |
|
Balen et al. (2009) |
Itajaí, Brazil |
419 (0-14 years) |
4-14 years: Auditory threshold at 1, 2 and 4 kHz, acoustic reflexes and tympanometry |
>15 dB for best ear |
16.84% |
Associated factors not included in the study. |
Baraky et al. (2012) |
Juiz de Fora, Brazil |
267 (4-19 years) |
Otoscopy Auditory threshold at 1, 2 and 4 kHz Questionnaire |
Incapacitating hearing loss (WHO) |
3.03% (8-267) |
Buzz, >60 years, low education level
|
Béria et al. (2007) |
Canoas, Brazil |
776 (4-19 years) |
Auditory threshold at 1, 2 and 4 kHz |
Incapacitating hearing loss (WHO) |
4-9 years: 12%; 10-19 years: 7.1% |
Income and education level
|
|
|
|
|
|
Incapacitating: 4-9 years: 5.3%; 10-19 years: 2.2% |
|
Bevilacqua et al. (2013) |
Monte Negro, Brazil |
577 individuals
|
Otoscopy Auditory threshold at 1, 2 at 4 kHz |
0-29 dB no compromise; 30-40 dB slight; 41-60 dB moderate; 61-80 dB severe; >80 dB profound |
3.8% (2.17-5.45) incapacitating |
Associated factors not included in study. |
Chen et al. (2011) |
Xi'na, China |
1567 (12-19 years) |
Otoscopy Auditory threshold 0.25 kHz to 8 kHz Tympanometry |
Auditory threshold (500-4000 Hz) > 25 dB |
3.32% ear disease (30-1567) |
Gender, use of portable audio devices, ototoxic drugs, HI Family history |
Czechowicz et al. (2010) |
Lima district, Peru |
355 (6-19 years) |
Pneumatic otoscopy Auditory threshold 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 kHz Tympanometry Academic performance and questionnaire applied with responsible adult |
>25 dB |
6.9% (4.2%-9.6%) |
Income, poverty. Neonatal icterus, hospitalization, recurrent middle ear infections, HI Family history <35 years, tympanic membrane abnormality, impacted cerumen, tube dysfunction |
Feder et al. (2017) |
Canada |
1879 (6-19 years) |
Auditory threshold at 0.5 kHz to 8 kHz |
>20 dB |
4.7% |
Associated factors not included in study. |
|
|
|
EOAPD |
>26 dB and "passing" in three out of four test frequencies (2, 3, 4 and 5 kHz) with SR 6 dB |
|
|
Gierek et al. (2009) |
Upper Silesia, Poland |
8885 (6-14 years) |
Screening at 1, 2 and 4 kHz Speech in noise Test with figures and test with words
|
25 dB NA |
10.3% failed |
Dysfunction of auditory tubes due to upper airway infection |
|
|
|
|
90% correct; 75% correct |
6% confirmed HI |
|
Gondim et al. (2012) |
Itajaí, Brazil |
35 (4-9 years) |
Questionnaire Otoscopy Auditory threshold at 1, 2 and 4 kHz Tympanometry Acoustic reflexes |
Incapacitating hearing loss (WHO) |
2.86% |
Presbycusis, idiopathy, cerumen, chronic otitis media, otosclerosis, noise induced hearing loss, labyrinthopathy.,
|
Govender et al. (2015) |
Durban, South Africa |
241 (1st year students) |
Otoscopy Tympanometry Auditory threshold at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 kHz |
20 dB NA |
24% |
The studied factors did not present statistical significance |
Hong et al. (2016) |
Korea |
1534 (13-18 years) |
Automated auditory threshold at 0.5 kHz to 6 kHz |
>25 dB 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 kHz |
2.2% (1.3-3.7) unilateral |
Age, tympanometry, income, use of earphones with thresholds >20 dB in high frequencies |
|
|
|
|
|
0.4% (0.2-0.9) bilateral |
|
Jun et al. (2015) |
South Korea |
2033 (12-19 years) |
Automated auditory threshold 0.5 to 6 kHz |
HI speech frequency: thresholds at 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 kHz ≥ 25 dBNA |
Unilateral: 2.18% (±0.48) |
Age, sex |
|
|
|
|
|
Bilateral: 0.34% (±0.13) |
|
|
|
|
|
HI high frequency: thresholds at 3, 4, 6 kHz ≥ 25 dBNA |
Unilateral: 2.81% (±0.55) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bilateral: 0.83% (±0.25) |
|
Kam et al. (2013) |
Shenzhen, China |
325 (6-10 years) |
Automated auditory threshold at 1, 2 and 4 kHz |
>25 dB |
4.92% |
Associated factors not included in study. |
le Clercq et al. (2017) |
Rotterdam, Netherland |
5368 (9-11 years) |
Auditory threshold at 0.5 kHz to 8 kHz Tympanometry |
>15 dB |
17.50% |
OM and low maternal education levels |
Niskar et al. (1998) |
EUA |
6166 (6-19 years) |
Auditory threshold at 0.5 kHz to 8 kHz |
>15 dB |
14.9% |
Cold, sinusitis, earache, ventilation tube, self-reported on the evaluation day |
Ramma et al. (2016) |
Cape Town, South Africa |
1000 (4-19 years) |
Auditory threshold at 0.25 kHz to 8 kHz |
>25 dB |
4-9 (4.3%); 10-19 (2.6) |
Male sex, age, hypertension, history of cranioencephalic trauma, and HI family history.
|
Samelli et al. (2011) |
Butantã, Brazil |
214 (2-10 years) |
Auditory assessment
|
>15 dB, tympanogram, presence of acoustic reflexes |
46.7% |
Associated factors not included in the study. |
Serra et al. (2014) |
Córdoba, Argentina |
172 (14-15 years) |
Auditory threshold 0.25-8 kHz; 8-16 kHz TOAE |
18 dB; reproductivity: >70% SNR; >6 dB in 3 frequencies |
34.88% |
Associated factors not included in study. |
Shargorodsky et al. (2010) |
USA |
Cycle 1988-1994: 1771 (12-19 years) |
Automated hearing threshold at 0.5-8 kHz. Noise-induced threshold shift |
Worst ear: discrete between 15 and 25 dB NA, slight or higher >25 dB NA |
Cycle 1988-1994: 14.9% (13.0-16.9) |
Race/Ethnicity Poverty rate/income 3+ middle ear infections |
|
|
Cycle 2005-2006: 2288 (12-19 years) |
|
|
Cycle 2005-2006: 19.5% (15.2-23.8) |
|
Skarzyński et al. (2016) |
Tajikistan, Poland |
143 (7-8 years) |
Auditory threshold, questionnaires (parents and children) |
25 dB |
23.7% |
Associated factors not included in study. |
Taha et al. (2010) |
Shebin El-Kom District, Egypt |
555 (6-12 years) |
Audiometric screening, questionnaire
|
20 dB |
20.9% |
Suspicion of parents, otitis media, consumption of tobacco at home, low socio-economic level, and post-natal icterus. |
Tarafder et al. (2015) |
Bangladesh |
899 (5-14 years) |
Auditory threshold 0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz; EOAT |
30 dB |
13% |
Age, socioeconomic deprivation, family history, impacted ear wax, chronic suppurative otitis media, otitis media with effusion, and external otitis |
Wake et al. (2006) |
Melbourne, Australia |
6581 (=~7-12 years) |
Auditory threshold 0.5, 1 and 2 kHz or 3, 4 and 6 kHz |
>40 dB best ear |
0.88% (0.66-1.15) |
Poorer short term phonological memory |
Westerberg et al. (2005) |
Manicaland, Zimbabwe |
5528 (4-20 years) |
Auditory screening at 1, 2 and 4 kHz |
>30 dB |
2.4% (2.0-2.8) |
Impacted cerumen, infections
|