Anthropometric reference values for community-dwelling
               older adults from northeastern Brazil

Correia, Adriano Rodrigues Brandão; Coqueiro, Raildo da Silva; Santos, Mateus Carmo; Leal Neto, João de Souza; Queiroz, Bruno Morbeck de; Barbosa, Aline Rodrigues; Fernandes, Marcos Henrique

doi:10.5007/1980-0037.2014v16n5p494

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Revista Brasileira de Cineantropometria & Desempenho Humano

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Original Article • Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum. 16 (5) • Sept-Oct 2014 • https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2014v16n5p494 copy

Anthropometric reference values for community-dwelling older adults from northeastern Brazil

Valores antropométricos de referência para idosos residentes em comunidade do nordeste Brasileiro

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

The aging process is continuous and irreversible and is characterized by physiological and structural alterations and changes in body composition. The aim of this study was to report anthropometric reference values for community-dwelling older adults from northeastern Brazilaccording to gender and age group. This cross-sectional study used data from an epidemiological population-based study involving 316 older adults. The following measures and anthropometric indicators were evaluated: weight, height, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold (TSF), waist circumference, arm circumference, calf circumference, and arm muscle circumference (AMC). All data are reported as means, standard deviations, and percentiles. Comparisons between age groups were performed using one-way ANOVA. The study included 173 women (54.7%) and 143 men (45.3%). Body weight and BMI were higher in younger women (60-64 years) compared to older ones (80 years or older). Arm circumference, TSF and AMC were lower in women aged ≥ 75 years compared to women aged 60-64 years. For men, arm circumference and AMC were lower in the oldest age group (≥ 80 years) compared to the youngest group (60 to 74 years). These differences were significant. The present study indicates that changes in body measures occur differently between genders with advancing age. The reduction in muscle mass and body fat is more prominent in women than in men and anthropometric changes are more noticeable in the older age group.

Aging; Anthropometry; Elderly health; Nutritional status; Reference values

Variable	Age group (years)	n	Mean^†	SD	Percentile
					5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Body weight (kg)^*
	60-64	29	62.17^a	12.61	43.10	47.30	53.00	61.80	70.05	81.00	90.10
	65-69	28	55.41^ab	13.69	34.83	40.00	45.85	55.90	64.00	71.34	88.04
	70-74	31	56.79^ab	11.29	38.74	40.98	50.40	56.40	63.00	72.90	82.02
	75-79	24	56.52^ab	8.97	43.10	44.95	49.12	55.45	64.12	68.75	75.55
	≥80	49	51.40^b	10.35	34.30	36.90	44.55	51.00	58.05	65.80	72.15
Height (m)
	60-64	29	1.51	0.07	1.35	1.40	1.48	1.51	1.55	1.58	1.64
	65-69	28	1.49	0.06	1.38	1.40	1.45	1.50	1.53	1.58	1.59
	70-74	31	1.49	0.06	1.38	1.42	1.44	1.48	1.53	1.58	1.60
	75-79	24	1.48	0.06	1.35	1.41	1.45	1.49	1.53	155	1.57
	≥80	50	1.47	0.06	1.37	1.38	1.42	1.47	1.52	1.53	1.58
BMI (kg/m²)^*
	60-64	29	27.34^a	5.25	19.97	20.68	22.92	27.94	32.15	34.36	37.40
	65-69	28	24.77^ab	5.31	16.19	18.65	21.17	24.40	27.63	32.61	37.77
	70-74	31	25.63^ab	4.94	16.66	19.00	22.59	25.38	29.22	32.68	34.75
	75-79	24	25.69^ab	3.40	20.29	21.78	22.64	25.18	28.07	30.80	33.02
	≥80	49	23.88^b	4.96	16.03	17.83	20.36	22.94	26.84	30.73	32.65

Variable	Age group (years)	n	Mean	SD	Percentile
					5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Body weight (kg)
	60-64	23	63.74	12.82	41.52	49.00	52.60	62.20	73.00	80.84	92.76
	65-69	30	62.55	12.41	42.98	49.80	53.27	60.20	70.45	83.91	90.68
	70-74	26	65.41	13.60	47.28	48.71	55.47	63.20	74.45	86.36	94.10
	75-79	21	66.03	13.19	40.12	51.28	58.05	65.50	74.85	83.16	96.23
	≥80	35	56.92	12.59	39.30	40.96	45.90	57.30	66.00	71.18	80.80
Height (m)
	60-64	23	1.64	0.07	1.51	1.55	1.59	1.61	1.69	1.75	1.79
	65-69	30	1.63	0.08	1.51	1.54	1.57	1.62	1.68	1.73	1.77
	70-74	26	1.62	0.08	1.50	1.53	1.56	1.61	1.68	1.75	1.81
	75-79	21	1.62	0.06	1.50	1.54	1.56	1.63	1.67	1.71	1.72
	≥80	35	1.59	0.08	1.45	1.50	1.54	1.58	1.64	1.70	1.77
BMI (kg/m²)
	60-64	23	23.68	4.49	17.68	18.08	20.22	23.36	26.45	29.48	35.76
	65-69	30	23.54	4.21	16.87	18.49	20.08	23.61	26.43	29.73	31.21
	70-74	26	24.65	3.44	19.70	20.70	21.96	23.64	27.93	29.50	31.74
	75-79	21	25.13	4.22	16.24	20.65	22.40	25.30	27.33	29.41	36.55
	≥80	35	22.30	4.03	15.39	17.13	19.11	22.69	24.75	28.96	29.44

Variable	Age group (years)	n	Mean^†	SD	Percentile
					5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Arm circumference (cm)^*
	60-64	29	30.65^a	4.36	24.33	25.23	27.28	30.60	33.50	30.96	41.43
	65-69	28	28.38^ab	4.43	20.14	22.56	25.60	27.91	31.32	35.81	37.44
	70-74	31	28.31^ab	3.66	22.10	23.05	25.93	28.30	30.03	35.07	35.91
	75-79	24	27.63^b	2.20	23.08	24.86	26.08	27.61	29.25	30.39	32.15
	≥80	51	25.97^b	4.34	18.29	20.78	22.86	25.96	29.03	31.67	33.93
Arm muscle circumference (cm)^*
	60-64	29	22.65^a	2.14	18.65	19.79	21.47	22.07	24.18	25.63	26.76
	65-69	28	21.54^ab	2.36	17.52	18.43	20.03	21.26	22.54	24.60	27.48
	70-74	31	21.46^ab	2.21	16.72	18.15	20.24	21.53	23.29	23.73	24.73
	75-79	24	21.45^ab	1.84	17.94	18.28	20.55	21.53	22.73	23.97	24.94
	≥80	50	20.79^b	2.45	16.57	17.40	19.15	20.83	22.06	24.54	26.19
Triceps skinfold (mm)^*
	60-64	29	25.49^a	9.55	12.33	14.00	16.66	23.83	31.33	38.50	46.74
	65-69	28	21.81^ab	8.56	6.97	9.66	15.53	22.66	29.08	32.31	37.33
	70-74	31	21.82^ab	7.04	12.06	13.27	16.16	21.83	25.66	33.80	36.90
	75-79	24	19.71^b	5.94	11.66	12.74	16.16	17.99	22.99	29.24	34.70
	≥80	50	16.78^b	8.16	4.06	6.55	11.16	15.74	21.66	27.68	34.95
Waist circumference (cm)
	60-64	29	96.36	12.44	75.13	80.30	87.59	95.13	106.08	116.40	119.58
	65-69	28	90.84	12.73	68.56	75.87	80.85	91.09	98.65	105.52	117.72
	70-74	31	96.68	13.06	71.72	79.54	85.70	96.30	107.56	112.72	118.46
	75-79	23	97.89	10.14	76.51	83.34	91.23	100.33	104.33	109.66	114.21
	≥80	49	93.44	13.08	70.88	72.76	84.11	93.76	101.33	111.33	115.16
Calf circumference (cm)^*
	60-64	29	34.70^a	2.75	30.38	30.93	32.58	34.86	36.61	38.33	40.50
	65-69	28	32.93^ab	3.39	26.87	28.51	31.05	32.41	34.34	38.37	40.95
	70-74	31	33.71^a	3.02	28.28	29.22	31.40	33.66	36.26	37.05	39.59
	75-79	24	32.52^ab	2.43	27.50	29.55	30.83	32.21	34.10	36.03	37.22
	≥80	51	30.75^b	3.75	23.31	24.72	28.10	30.80	33.46	35.53	36.85

Variable	Age group (years)	n	Mean^†	SD	Percentile
					5th	10th	25th	50th	75th	90th	95th
Arm circumference (cm)^*
	60-64	23	27.76^ab	3.56	20.71	21.88	25.90	27.20	30.90	32.56	33.10
	65-69	30	28.17^ab	2.87	23.49	24.62	25.89	28.31	29.90	32.96	33.83
	70-74	27	28.20^a	3.32	21.04	24.26	25.86	28.63	31.06	32.23	33.40
	75-79	21	28.00^a	3.11	20.99	25.31	26.13	27.60	29.44	31.29	36.47
	≥80	35	25.71^b	3.57	20.12	21.32	22.86	25.26	28.50	30.47	31.87
Arm muscle circumference (cm)^*
	60-64	23	24.21^a	2.74	18.28	19.64	22.66	24.33	26.27	27.83	28.36
	65-69	30	24.83^a	2.01	21.59	22.19	23.25	24.42	26.15	28.36	28.56
	70-74	27	24.53^a	2.61	17.90	21.25	23.44	24.98	26.23	27.34	28.41
	75-79	21	23.98^ab	1.91	18.81	21.38	23.30	24.20	24.80	26.54	27.62
	≥80	35	22.38^b	2.50	18.73	19.39	19.97	22.75	24.10	25.50	27.20
Triceps skinfold
	60-64	23	11.30	5.09	5.73	6.06	7.66	11.16	13.33	17.20	26.27
	65-69	30	10.61	5.55	3.60	4.68	5.87	9.24	15.33	18.44	23.24
	70-74	27	11.70	4.82	5.50	6.56	9.33	10.16	12.16	20.37	22.93
	75-79	21	12.82	5.27	5.73	6.36	9.99	12.66	14.66	19.65	28.71
	≥80	35	10.61	4.41	3.76	4.63	7.83	10.50	13.00	16.23	19.29
Waist circumference (cm)
	60-64	23	87.39	12.28	68.82	72.85	77.60	88.30	93.90	101.40	120.67
	65-69	30	88.37	13.12	69.86	71.84	78.10	88.44	95.23	110.25	115.23
	70-74	26	91.23	11.07	74.56	76.30	81.33	91.25	102.37	106.69	110.11
	75-79	21	94.38	12.37	67.73	77.69	88.23	91.66	102.30	107.69	123.79
	≥80	35	89.26	21.53	66.43	71.99	78.20	87.36	91.96	102.59	125.80
Calf circumference (cm)
	60-64	23	34.68	3.94	26.95	29.31	31.56	34.56	37.23	40.67	41.10
	65-69	30	34.49	3.14	29.42	30.10	32.18	34.13	36.61	38.91	40.89
	70-74	27	34.72	3.47	27.30	30.49	32.66	34.63	36.80	39.15	41.05
	75-79	21	33.66	3.25	25.50	29.75	32.11	33.50	36.28	38.26	39.40
h	≥80	35	32.75	4.04	25.39	26.86	30.20	33.86	35.63	38.22	39.85

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[1] Corresponding author João de Souza Leal Neto Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia. Departamento de Saúde. Núcleo de Estudos em Epidemiologia do Envelhecimento. Av. José Moreira Sobrinho, S/N, Jequiezinho, 45206-190 - Jequié - BA, Brasil. E-mail: joao.sln@hotmail.com