Alveolodental ankylosis: biological bases and diagnostic criteria

Alveolodental ankylosis is the fusion of cementum or root dentin with the alveolar bone in both deciduous and permanent teeth. This leads to important clinical and radiographic changes in the affected teeth. Moreover, knowledge of the biological principles involved allows adequate management of teeth affected by this phenomenon.

Indexing terms
Tooth ankyloses; Tooth injuries; Root resorption

Authorship

Duane Cristina Lopes ROSA Correspondência para / Correspondence to: DCLROSA. E-mail: <duane.rosa@hotmail.com>.

Centro Universitário São Lucas, Curso de Odontologia. Endereço. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil.Centro Universitário São LucasBrasilPorto Velho, RO, BrasilCentro Universitário São Lucas, Curso de Odontologia. Endereço. Porto Velho, RO, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6131-0569

Ewerton Raphael SIMUKAWA

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilBauru, SP, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5642-6620

Ana Lúcia Alvares CAPELOZZA

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilBauru, SP, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1927-1586

Paulo Sergio Perri de CARVALHO

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilBauru, SP, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1775-3108

Moacyr Tadeu Vicente RODRIGUES

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilBauru, SP, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4951-5836

Correspondência para / Correspondence to: DCLROSA. E-mail: <duane.rosa@hotmail.com>.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.Universidade de São PauloBrasilBauru, SP, BrasilUniversidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Odontologia. Bauru, SP, Brasil.

Figures

Figures (7)

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Figure 1
Tooth 75 is ankylosed and in infraocclusion; its roots are already in an advanced stage of replacement by bone tissue.

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Figure 2
A 19-year-old patient shows an ankylosed tooth 21 after 11 years of avulsion in infraocclusion. The clinical crown was increased by adding incisal composite resin (Henderson [³3 Enderson HZ. Ankylosis of primary molars: a clinical, radiographic, and histologic study. ASDC J Dent Child. 1979;46(2):117-22.] attributed a familial tendency only in cases with multiple ankyloses in deciduous teeth. Guedes [⁴4 Guedes-Pinto AC. Odontopediatria. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Santos; 1990.] reported that disorders such as those found in cleidocranial dysostosis might predispose one to ankylosis.

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Figure 3
Initial damage to the root surface attacks the clasts.

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Figure 4
Persistent damage to the root surface attacking the clasts already in the root dentin.

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Figure 5
With dentin resorption, there is bone neogenesis stimulation and bone formation occurring over the exposed dentin.

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Figure 6
Tooth 36 with a supernumerary root shows areas of fusion with the alveolar bone. This tooth presented a hollow sound on vertical percussion.

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Figure 7
A three-dimensional reconstruction of an area. A. Resorption in tooth 13 due to ankylosis (arrows). B. Anatomical relationships between the bone and teeth. C. Anatomical relationships between the roots.

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Figure 3
Initial damage to the root surface attacks the clasts.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Persistent damage to the root surface attacking the clasts already in the root dentin.

Thumbnail

Figure 5
With dentin resorption, there is bone neogenesis stimulation and bone formation occurring over the exposed dentin.

Thumbnail

Figure 6
Tooth 36 with a supernumerary root shows areas of fusion with the alveolar bone. This tooth presented a hollow sound on vertical percussion.

Thumbnail

Figure 1 Tooth 75 is ankylosed and in infraocclusion; its roots are already in an advanced stage of replacement by bone tissue.

Figure 2 A 19-year-old patient shows an ankylosed tooth 21 after 11 years of avulsion in infraocclusion. The clinical crown was increased by adding incisal composite resin (Henderson [³3 Enderson HZ. Ankylosis of primary molars: a clinical, radiographic, and histologic study. ASDC J Dent Child. 1979;46(2):117-22.] attributed a familial tendency only in cases with multiple ankyloses in deciduous teeth. Guedes [⁴4 Guedes-Pinto AC. Odontopediatria. 2ª ed. São Paulo: Santos; 1990.] reported that disorders such as those found in cleidocranial dysostosis might predispose one to ankylosis.

Figure 3 Initial damage to the root surface attacks the clasts.

Note: Adapted from Andreasen et al. [¹²12 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Traumatismo dentário: soluções clínicas. São Paulo: Panamericana; 1991.].

Figure 4 Persistent damage to the root surface attacking the clasts already in the root dentin.

Note: Adapted from Andreasen et al. [¹²12 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Traumatismo dentário: soluções clínicas. São Paulo: Panamericana; 1991.].

Figure 5 With dentin resorption, there is bone neogenesis stimulation and bone formation occurring over the exposed dentin.

Note: Adapted from Andreasen et al. [¹²12 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Traumatismo dentário: soluções clínicas. São Paulo: Panamericana; 1991.].

Figure 6 Tooth 36 with a supernumerary root shows areas of fusion with the alveolar bone. This tooth presented a hollow sound on vertical percussion.

Figure 7 A three-dimensional reconstruction of an area. A. Resorption in tooth 13 due to ankylosis (arrows). B. Anatomical relationships between the bone and teeth. C. Anatomical relationships between the roots.

Note: Adapted from Paris et al. [¹⁷17 Paris M, Trunde F, Bossard D, Coudert JI. L’ankylose dentarie: diagnostic par tomodensitométrie et reconstruction tridimensionnelle. Paris: Elsevier Masson SAS; 2010.].

Figure 3 Initial damage to the root surface attacks the clasts.

Note: Adapted from Andreasen et al. [¹²12 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Traumatismo dentário: soluções clínicas. São Paulo: Panamericana; 1991.].

Figure 4 Persistent damage to the root surface attacking the clasts already in the root dentin.

Note: Adapted from Andreasen et al. [¹²12 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Traumatismo dentário: soluções clínicas. São Paulo: Panamericana; 1991.].

Figure 5 With dentin resorption, there is bone neogenesis stimulation and bone formation occurring over the exposed dentin.

Note: Adapted from Andreasen et al. [¹²12 Andreasen JO, Andreasen FM. Traumatismo dentário: soluções clínicas. São Paulo: Panamericana; 1991.].

Figure 6 Tooth 36 with a supernumerary root shows areas of fusion with the alveolar bone. This tooth presented a hollow sound on vertical percussion.

Figure 7 A three-dimensional reconstruction of an area. A. Resorption in tooth 13 due to ankylosis (arrows). B. Anatomical relationships between the bone and teeth. C. Anatomical relationships between the roots.

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Alveolodental ankylosis: biological bases and diagnostic criteria

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[1] Correspondência para / Correspondence to: DCLROSA. E-mail: <duane.rosa@hotmail.com>.