Beliefs related to diet adherence of patients treated with oral anticoagulants

Descriptive study, guided by the Theory of Reasoned Action, conducted with 57 patients in continuous use of oral anticoagulants, attended at a general cardiology outpatient clinic in João Pessoa and specialized in anticoagulation in Recife. Data were collected from February to May 2017, with an application form with open questions, through an interview, and submitted to a descriptive analysis.

RESULTS

The most mentioned positive behavioral beliefs were to improve health/treatment in the general outpatient clinic and to control coagulation, in the specialized service. Children, spouses, doctors, and parents stood out proportionally in both scenarios as positive normative beliefs.

CONCLUSION

In the outpatient clinic specializing in oral anticoagulation, patients add more specific beliefs about the interference of vitamin K-rich diet on coagulation, when compared to those in the general cardiology outpatient clinic.

Keywords:
Anticoagulants; Diet; Patient compliance; Social theory

Variables	Scenario A General (n=27)	Scenario B Specialized (n=30)	P-value
Age (mean±sd^*)	57.96±13.66	53.83±13.06	0.249^§
Gender
Male	9 (33.3)	7 (23.3)	0.402^\|\|
Female	18 (66.7)	23 (76.7)
Schooling			0.340^¶
≤ 9 years of study	23 (85.1)	22 (73.3)
> 9 years of study	4 (14.9)	8 (26.7)
Professional situation			0.100^¶
Active	3 (11.2)	0.0
Inactive	24 (88.8)	30 (100)
Family income^†			0.023^¶
< 1 Wage	2 (7.5)	10 (33.3)
1 to 2 Wages	21 (77.7)	19 (63.4)
Above 3 Wages	4 (14.8)	1 (3.3)
Indication of OAC use ^‡			0.062^¶
Use of prostheses (biological or mechanical)	11 (40.7)	12 (40)
Atrial fibrillation	9 (33.3)	14 (46.7)
Cardiac insufficiency	5 (18.5)	0.0
Venous thrombosis	2 (7.5)	1 (3.3)
Myocardial Infarction	0.0	2 (6.7)
Brain stroke	0.0	1 (3.3)
OACs use time^‡ in months (mean±sd^*)	15.88±18.55	24.62±16.38	0.074^§

In your opinion, what are the advantages of adhering to the recommended diet?	Scenario A		Scenario B		Total
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Improves health/treatment	20	69.0	5	20.8	25	47.2
Control coagulation	5	17.2	14	58.3	19	35.8
Lose weight	2	6.9	0	0.0	2	3.8
Idiosyncratic	2	6.9	5	20.8	7	13.2
Total	29	100.0	24	100.0	53	100.0
PMSBBs^*	25	86.2	19	79.2	44	83.0

In your opinion, what are the disadvantages of adhering to the recommended diet?	Scenario A		Scenario B		Total
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Not being able to eat the things you like	5	45.5	9	56.2	14	51.9
Do not eat green leaves	4	36.4	4	25	8	29.6
Idiosyncratic	2	18.2	3	18.8	5	18.5
Total	11	100.0	16	100.0	27	100.0
PMSBBs^*	9	81.8	13	92.9	22	81.5

Which people important to you consider that you should adhere to the recommended diet?	Scenario A		Scenario B		Total
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Children	13	30.2	13	33.3	26	31.7
Spouse	10	23.3	10	25.6	20	24.4
Doctors	6	14.0	3	7.7	9	11.0
Nurse	0	0.0	2	5.1	2	2.4
Parents	4	9.3	4	10.3	8	9.8
Sister	3	7.0	0	0.0	3	3.7
Family	2	4.7	2	5.1	4	4.9
Niece	2	4.7	0	0.0	2	2.4
Idiosyncratic	3	7.0	5	12.8	8	9.8
Total	43	100.0	39	100.0	82	100.0
PMSBBs^*	36	83.7	30	76.9	66	80.5

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Escola de Enfermagem Rua São Manoel, 963 -Campus da Saúde , 90.620-110 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil, Fone: (55 51) 3308-5242 / Fax: (55 51) 3308-5436 - Porto Alegre - RS - Brazil
E-mail: revista@enf.ufrgs.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Corresponding author:
Simone Helena dos Santos Oliveira. simonehsoliveira@gmail.com