CHARACTERIZATION AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF MANGABEIRA IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS, BRAZIL

PINHEIRO, ELIZIA APARECIDA; COIMBRA, RONALDO RODRIGUES; SILVA, KELLEN LAGARES FERREIRA; FERREIRA, WAGNER DE MELO

doi:10.1590/1983-21252018v31n304rc

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Agronomia • Rev. Caatinga 31 (3) • Jul-Sep 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252018v31n304rc copy

CHARACTERIZATION AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF MANGABEIRA IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS, BRAZIL¹ 1 Extracted from the Masters dissertation of the first author.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO E VARIABILIDADE FENOTÍPICA DE POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DE MANGABEIRA NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to characterize three natural populations of mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) located in parts of the Cerrado in the region of Porto Nacional, State of Tocantins, as well as to evaluate phenotypic variability in individual plants based on the physicochemical properties of their fruits. Ten genotypes were selected from each population, and 20 fruits of each genotype were collected for analysis. Fruits were analyzed for transverse and longitudinal diameters, total mass, pulp mass and yield, and number and fresh mass of seeds. Two seeds were taken from each fruit for the measurement of longitudinal and transverse diameter and thickness. Furthermore, pH and soluble solids were measured in the total pulp of each genotype. Descriptive statistics were performed on the data from morphological characterization, and populations were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by Dunn's test at 5% probability level. The relationship between variables was estimated by the Spearman’s correlation coefficient. Phenotypic variability was verified using the principal component analysis. All three natural populations of mangabeira investigated here exhibited similar characteristics regarding fruit morphology and pH. Significant differences were detected only in the transverse diameter of the seed (Canaã had the highest value) and for total soluble solids content (Providência had the highest value). Significant correlations were found for corresponding morphological variables and pH in each population, except for several negative correlations that were observed in the Canaã population, which produced more homogeneous fruit. The Providência population presented the largest and most massive fruit. The greatest phenotypic variabilities were observed in the São Judas Tadeu and Providência populations.

Keywords:
Apocynaceae; Cerrado; Hancornia speciosa; Morphology.

Components		Populations
	São Judas Tadeu	Canaã	Providência
Particle Size Analysis
Clay (%)	16.70	32.00	16.80
Silt (%)	10.80	16.00	11.10
Sand (%)	72.50	52.00	72.10
Chemical Analysis
pH CaCl₂	4.14	3.94	4.14
Ca (meq/100mL)	0.23	0.18	0.17
Mg (meq/100mL)	0.15	0.14	0.13
Al (meq/100mL)	0.54	1.05	0.43
H + Al (meq/100mL)	4.40	12.21	3.67
K (meq/100mL)	0.10	0.15	0.08
P (mg/dm³)	2.69	2.49	2.16
S (mg/dm³)	1.99	1.78	1.99
OM. (%)	0.65	2.13	0.24
Zn (mg/dm³)	0.12	0.39	0.12
Cu (mg/dm³)	0.36	0.59	0.38
Fe (mg/dm³)	80.60	46.70	72.10
Mn (mg/dm³)	32.40	3.70	2.20
CEC	4.87	12.68	4.06
V (%)	9.76	3.75	9.44

São Judas	LDF	TDF	FM	SM	PM	NS	TDS	LDS	T	PY	BRIX	pH
Tadeu	(mm)	(mm)	(g)	(g)	(g)	(un.)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(%)
Minimum	27.53	28.21	15.30	1.47	12.55	5.00	7.38	9.86	2.70	75.60	15.50	3.07
Maximum	42.25	41.03	45.49	7.15	36.73	17.60	9.40	12.04	3.42	88.16	19.00	3.77
Mean	35.98a	35.37a	30.48a	3.91a	24.83a	10.87a	8.43b	10.69a	3.11a	82.30a	17.17a	3.34a
CV (%)	12.06	11.50	31.03	50.47	29.73	42.24	6.13	5.94	8.30	4.78	8.03	6.00
Canaã
Minimum	32.30	24.98	11.54	2.20	8.78	6.20	8.46	10.39	2.85	67.30	11.00	3.15
Maximum	39.84	37.30	33.03	8.21	26.85	19.20	9.61	12.78	3.53	87.58	16.00	3.76
Mean	35.23a	33.90a	25.48a	5.05a	19.27a	13.61a	8.99a	11.40a	3.29a	75.70a	13.90b	3.53a
CV (%)	6.15	10.29	24.32	38.67	28.50	37.53	4.74	6.18	6.88	8.87	12.32	6.11
Providência
Minimum	29.47	29.91	17.72	2.90	14.03	8.30	7.86	10.21	2.64	64.53	15.00	3.31
Maximum	44.53	43.51	52.38	10.94	37.98	32.30	9.67	12.51	3.71	85.25	19.00	3.70
Mean	38.49a	36.97a	33.77a	5.27a	26.19a	14.97a	8.48b	11.17a	3.17a	78.81a	17.38a	3.43a
CV (%)	13.96	13.29	34.14	50.26	31.55	52.44	6.35	6.53	10.94	9.65	6.36	3.44
Overall Mean	36.57	35.41	29.91	4.74	23.43	13.15	8.63	11.09	3.19	78.93	16.15	3.44

São Judas	LDF	TDF	FM	SM	PM	NS	TDS	LDS	T	PY	Brix
Tadeu	(mm)	(mm)	(g)	(g)	(g)	(und)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(%)
TDF (mm)	0.77*
FM (g)	0.78*	0.96*
SM (g)	0.84*	0.83*	0.89*
PM(g)	0.75*	0.99*	0.95*	0.78*
NS (und)	0.70*	0.90*	0.90*	0.90*	0.85*
TDS (mm)	0.77*	0.54	0.62	0.76*	0.53	0.54
LDS (mm)	0.73*	0.38	0.45	0.55	0.37	0.24	0.84*
T (mm)	0.71*	0.28	0.32	0.31	0.30	0.16	0.38	0.54
PY (%)	-0.45	-0.14	-0.26	-0.55	-0.04	-0.39	-0.54	-0.33	-0.27
BRIX (%)	0.09	0.25	0.14	0.00	0.25	0.26	-0.22	-0.45	0.18	-0.15
pH	0.47	0.12	0.19	0.33	0.06	0.32	0.37	0.26	0.60	-0.59	0.13

Canaã	LDF	TDF	FM	SM	PM	NS	TDS	LDS	T	PY	Brix
	(mm)	(mm)	(g)	(g)	(g)	(und)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(%)
TDF (mm)	0.70*
FM (g)	0.85*	0.88*
SM (g)	0.31	0.42	0.31
PM(g)	0.77*	0.75*	0.92*	0.09
NS (und)	0.36	0.48	0.39	0.96*	0.15
TDS (mm)	0.05	0.08	0.14	0.02	0.02	-0.1
LDS (mm)	0.16	0.02	0.13	0.08	0.03	-0.02	0.77*
T (mm)	0.03	-0.12	-0.07	0.14	-0.15	0.25	-0.32	0.08
PY (%)	0.1	0.02	0.22	-0.83*	0.45	-0.76*	0.02	-0.01	-0.1
BRIX (%)	-0.01	0.08	0.25	0.04	0.20	0.17	-0.24	-0.2	-0.14	0.10
pH	0.01	0.60	0.28	0.48	0.04	0.53	0.18	0.02	0.16	-0.36	-0.12

Providência	LDF	TDF	FM	SM	PM	NS	TDS	LDS	T	PY	Brix
	(mm)	(mm)	(g)	(g)	(g)	(und)	(mm)	(mm)	(mm)	(%)
TDF (mm)	0.70*
FM (g)	0.70*	1.00*
SM (g)	0.65*	0.94*	0.94*
PM(g)	0.62	0.96*	0.96*	0.87*
NS (und)	0.60	0.81*	0.81*	0.88*	0.72*
TDS (mm)	0.21	0.24	0.24	0.21	0.35	-0.1
LDS (mm)	-0.16	0.41	0.41	0.44	0.41	0.12	0.31
T (mm)	0.35	0.07	0.07	0.07	0.19	0.04	0.36	-0.38
PY (%)	0.05	-0.15	-0.15	-0.41	0.04	-0.5	0.44	-0.18	0.28
BRIX (%)	-0.38	-0.25	-0.25	-0.21	-0.15	-0.07	-0.26	0.03	0.30	-0.01
pH	0.46	0.11	0.11	0.28	-0.07	0.36	-0.05	-0.26	-0.17	-0.41	-0.4

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[1] * Corresponding author: eliziap@hotmail.com

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CHARACTERIZATION AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF MANGABEIRA IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS, BRAZIL1 1 Extracted from the Masters dissertation of the first author.

CARACTERIZAÇÃO E VARIABILIDADE FENOTÍPICA DE POPULAÇÕES NATURAIS DE MANGABEIRA NO ESTADO DO TOCANTINS

ABSTRACT

CHARACTERIZATION AND PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF MANGABEIRA IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS, BRAZIL¹ 1 Extracted from the Masters dissertation of the first author.