Accumulation of nutrients and agronomic performance of grafted seedless watermelon

Santos, Joice Simone dos; Dias, Rita de Cássia Souza; Grangeiro, Leílson Costa; Simões, Welson Lima; Deon, Magnus Dall'Igna

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4639610

Joice Simone dos Santos

Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Departamento de Ciências Vegetais, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. E-mails: joicessm@gmail.com, leilson@ufersa.edu.br.

Rita de Cássia Souza Dias

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Semiárido), Petrolina, PE, Brazil. E-mails: rita.dias@embrapa.br, welson.simoes@embrapa.br, magnus.deon@embrapa.br.

Leílson Costa Grangeiro

Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido, Departamento de Ciências Vegetais, Mossoró, RN, Brazil. E-mails: joicessm@gmail.com, leilson@ufersa.edu.br.

Welson Lima Simões

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Semiárido), Petrolina, PE, Brazil. E-mails: rita.dias@embrapa.br, welson.simoes@embrapa.br, magnus.deon@embrapa.br.

Magnus Dall'Igna Deon

Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa Semiárido), Petrolina, PE, Brazil. E-mails: rita.dias@embrapa.br, welson.simoes@embrapa.br, magnus.deon@embrapa.br.

Source of variation	Degrees of freedom	F values
Source of variation	Degrees of freedom	Dry mass	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	S	B	Cu	Fe	Mn	Zn
Block	5	1.3^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.1^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.8^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.6^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.2^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.9^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.8^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.8^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.0^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Treatment (T)	2	97.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	62.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	23.8^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	23.0^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	19.5^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	29.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	49.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	64.1^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	39.5^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	18.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	25.4^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	12.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Error (A)	10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
DAT	7	237.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	129.8^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	107.5^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	136.1^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	34.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	69.9^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	153.0^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	117.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	100.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	34.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	34.4^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	9.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
T ^* , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively. DAT	13	2.2^* , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.9^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.8^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.9^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	4.7^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	4.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.0^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	4.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.4^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Error (B)	100	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CV1 (%)		22.3	30.9	60.3	38.81	51.7	49.3	36.4	38.8	39.5	71.5	56.5	121.1
CV2 (%)		30.1	38.6	44.9	34.82	67.4	51.4	40.2	47.1	46.3	85.3	75.2	149.6

		Dry mass (g)			Nitrogen			Phosphorus
	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA
Plant¹ 1 Quantities of macro and micronutrients in the plant are expressed for grams and milligrams, respectively.	408.7	539.7	565.2	15.7	25.5	2.7	1.2	1.5	3.4
Vegetative part (%)	34.4	54.6	39.8	38.8	63.9	25.5	25.0	33.3	8.8
Fruit (%)	65.6	45.4	60.2	61.2	36.1	74.5	75.0	66.7	91.2
		Potassium			Calcium			Magnesium
	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA
Plant	9.1	12.0	12.9	8.2	8.7	10.7	1.7	2.3	4.6
Vegetative part (%)	22.0	62.5	20.2	92.7	95.4	77.6	70.5	78.3	54.3
Fruit (%)	78.0	37.5	79.8	7.3	4.6	22.4	29.5	21.7	45.7
		Sulfur			Boron			Copper
	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA
Plant	0.8	1.2	1.7	14.3	28.8	30.5	3.3	5.1	4.9
Vegetative part (%)	37.5	58.3	11.8	46.8	71.9	56.1	39.4	54.9	8.2
Fruit (%)	62.5	41.7	88.2	53.2	28.1	43.9	60.6	45.1	91.8
		Iron			Manganese			Zinc
	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA	PP	PP/BGCIA	BGCIA
Plant	52.5	101.9	112.8	62.5	60.0	54.7	13.7	49.7	21.5
Vegetative part (%)	66.9	81.8	53.9	94.1	95.8	80.1	51.1	79.3	1.9
Fruit (%)	33.1	18.2	46.1	5.9	4.2	19.9	48.9	20.7	98.1

Source of variation	Degree of freedom	F values
Source of variation	Degree of freedom	Number of fruits	Total yield	Marketable yield	Fruit weight	Rind thickness	Flesh firmness	Soluble solids
Block	5	1.5^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.4^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.5^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.0^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.2^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.7^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.3^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Treatment	1	8.4^* , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	6.7^** , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	28.8^** , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.1^** , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	193.1^** , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	110.1^** , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.1^ns , * and ns significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Error	11	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CV (%)		6.7	4.7	15.1	5.8	5.6	7.7	9.2

Treatment	Fruit plant^-1	Total yield	Marketable yield¹ 1 Marketable yield considering a 5,333.33 plant density. Means followed by the same lower case letter differ from each other by the Tukey test (p < 0.05).	Fruit weight	Rind thickness Flesh firmness Soluble solids
Treatment	Number	^{________________} t ha^-1 ^{________________}		kg	cm	N	ºBrix
PP	2.2 b	15.1 b	14.5 a	2.2 a	0.3 b	6.2 b	12.3 a
PP/BGCIA 941	2.5 a	23.4 a	23.1 a	1.4 b	0.5 a	10.1 a	12.2 a

[TFN1] *, ** and ^ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.

Source of variation	Degrees of freedom	F values
Source of variation	Degrees of freedom	Dry mass	N	P	K	Ca	Mg	S	B	Cu	Fe	Mn	Zn
Block	5	1.3^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.1^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.8^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.6^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.2^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.9^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.8^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.8^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.0^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Treatment (T)	2	97.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	62.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	23.8^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	23.0^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	19.5^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	29.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	49.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	64.1^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	39.5^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	18.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	25.4^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	12.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Error (A)	10	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
DAT	7	237.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	129.8^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	107.5^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	136.1^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	34.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	69.9^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	153.0^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	117.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	100.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	34.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	34.4^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	9.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
T ^* , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively. DAT	13	2.2^* , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.9^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.8^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	0.7^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	2.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.9^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	4.7^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.6^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	4.3^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	3.0^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	4.2^** , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.	1.4^ns , * and ns: significant at p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 and non-significant, respectively.
Error (B)	100	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
CV1 (%)		22.3	30.9	60.3	38.81	51.7	49.3	36.4	38.8	39.5	71.5	56.5	121.1
CV2 (%)		30.1	38.6	44.9	34.82	67.4	51.4	40.2	47.1	46.3	85.3	75.2	149.6

Brasil

Brasil

Accumulation of nutrients and agronomic performance of grafted seedless watermelon

Acúmulo de nutrientes e desempenho agronômico de melancia sem sementes enxertada

ABSTRACT