Paclobutrazol and branch tip pruning on the flowering induction and quality of mango tree fruits

Oliveira, Girlaine Pereira; Siqueira, Dalmo Lopes de; Salomão, Luiz Carlos Chamhum; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Machado, Daniel Lucas Magalhães

doi:10.1590/1983-40632016v4743861

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Scientific Articles • Pesqui. Agropecu. Trop. 47 (1) • Jan-Mar 2017 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632016v4743861 copy

Paclobutrazol and branch tip pruning on the flowering induction and quality of mango tree fruits

Paclobutrazol e desponte de ramos no florescimento e qualidade de frutos de mangueira

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The 'Ubá' mango tree cultivar is very important for the juice industry in the "Zona da Mata" region of the Minas Gerais State, in Brazil, but problems such as uneven flowering and low yield have discouraged producers. This study aimed at evaluating the effect of paclobutrazol, combined with branch tip pruning, on the flowering induction and quality of 'Ubá' mango tree fruits. Treatments were distributed in a 5 x 2 + 1 factorial arrangement, consisting of five paclobutrazol doses (0 g, 0.50 g, 1.00 g, 1.50 g and 2.0 g per linear meter of canopy), with and without branch tip pruning, in a randomized blocks design, with four replicates. The flowering percentage, number of panicles per branch, total flowers per panicle, male/hermaphrodite flowers ratio, number of fruits per branch and fruit quality were evaluated. Plants treated with tip pruning showed a higher flowering percentage. There was an increase in the flowering percentage in response to the paclobutrazol dose, reaching a maximum level at the dose of 1.62 g per linear meter of canopy. Plants submitted to branch tip pruning had a higher number of panicles per branch. There was an increase in the male/hermaphrodite flowers ratio with increasing paclobutrazol doses. Branch tip pruning increased the number of fruits per branch. There were no differences in fruit quality in response to the paclobutrazol application. It was concluded that the paclobutrazol application at the dose of 1.62 g per linear meter of canopy, combined with branch tip pruning, increases the flowering of the 'Ubá' mango tree and does not change the fruit quality.

KEYWORDS:
Mangifera indica L.; flowering induction; growth regulator

Treatment			FP	NPB	MF	HF	MHR	TFP	NFB
	Dose (g m^-1)	Tip pruning	FP	NPB	MF	HF	MHR	TFP	NFB
T1	0.0	With	83.55^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	2.62^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	795.25	87.25^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	9.81	882.50	4.18^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.
T2	0.0	Without	41.00	1.23	1,370.00	161.00	9.46	1,530.50	2.56
T3	0.5	With	91.62^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	4.04^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1,266.25	128.75	10.82	1,395.00	3.75
T4	0.5	Without	61.31^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1.18	1,225.50	67.00^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	20.11	1,318.75	1.87
T5	1.0	With	83.31^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	2.71^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1,040.50	89.75^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	17.44	1,130.25	3.37
T6	1.0	Without	58.67^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1.40	1,580.25	75.75^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	41.60	1,656.00	2.00
T7	1.5	With	84.22^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	3.21^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1,424.00	43.25^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	34.64	1,467.25	3.25
T8	1.5	Without	61.96^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1.28	1,881.25	83.75^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	33.29	1,965.00	1.81
T9	2.0	With	92.70^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	3.25^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1,046.25	97.25^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	19.67	1,143.50	2.75
T10	2.0	Without	61.70^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	1.25	1,466.25	39.00^* * in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.	46.66	1,505.25	1.56
T11	Control		44.89	1.19	1,515.25	168.75	12.14	1,661.50	2.68
Overall mean			69.53	2.12	1,328.25	94.68	23.24	1,423.22	2.56

Treatment	Panicles per branch					Regression
	Paclobutrazol dose (g per linear meter of canopy)
	0.0	0.5	1.0	1.5	2.0
With branch tip pruning	2.62 a	4.04 a	2.70 a	3.21 a	3.25 a	ŷ = 3.09 a
Without branch tip pruning	1.23 b	1.18 b	1.40 b	1.28 b	1.25 b	ŷ = 1.27 b

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[TFN1] Means with

[TFN2] ^*
in the column differ from the control at 5 % by the Dunnett test.